摘要:The electromagnetic field,flow field and thermal field of 7075 aluminum alloy during melt treatment in spiral annular electromagnetic field were simulated by the commercial numerical software Ansys Workbench.Numerical results show that compared with rotating electromagnetic field,the 7075 alloy melt is stirred forcely by a spiral electromagnetic field both in radial and axial directions.The temperature gradient of the 7075 alloy melt is narrawed.Subsequently,the numerical results were verified experimentally,and the experimental results were consistent with the numerical ones.The average grain size of 7075 alloy treated by spiral annular electromagnetic field is reduced,and the uniformity is improved obviously.The macro-segregation of the 7075 alloy casting is decreased obviously.
摘要:The effects of rare earth Er content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356.2 alloy were investiagted.The results indicate that rare earth Er is an excellent modifier for the refinement of A356.2 aluminum alloy.With 0.4%(mass fraction)of rare earth Er addition,the desirable alloy modification can be observed,where the eutectic silicon exists in form of fine coral,and the secondary dendrite arm spacing ofα-Al phase is reduced significantly.In addition,the tensile strength is increased by 21.6%,and the elongation is increased by nearly 100%.The tensile fracture morphology is changed to a ductile fracture mode with the small and uniformly distributed equiaxed dimples.
摘要:The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-12 Al-12 Zn-2 Si-0.5 Ca-xSb(x=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8 and 1.0,mass fraction,%)alloys were investigated by OM,SEM and EDS,tensile testing.The refining effect and mechanism of Sb on Mg2 Si particles were described emphatically.The results show that Mg3 Sb2 phases are generated in the composites with the addition of Sb,and Mg3 Sb2 can refine obviously the coarse Mg2 Si phases by providing heterogeneous nuclei site.The morphological change in Mg2 Si particles occurs from coarse skeleton-like and petal-like to a small polygonal block shape with the increase of Sb content from 0.2%to 1.0%.The maximum size of Mg2 Si particles is decreased from 50μm to 8μm with adding 0.8% Sb.Meanwhile,the ultimate tensile strength,yield strength and elongation of the alloy reach 175.8 MPa,167.6 MPa and 1.67%,respectively.The tensile fracture of the alloy is characterized by quasi-cleavage at room temperature.
摘要:C and Pd elements were added into ZK60 hydrogen storage alloy through ball milling.Experiment on the performance of ZK60-Pd alloy was carried out for 500 cycles.The results reveal that with the increase of the number of cycles,hydrogen absorption is decreased,and the 50 th is just 83.9%of the first.Change of follow-up cycles hydrogen absorption can be ignored.The hydrokinetics performance of high cycle exhibits desirable.The alloy grains are obviously pulverized after high cycle.Absence of compounds of restricting the absorption of hydrogen appears on the alloy surface.
摘要:The high temperature creep behavior of the fine-crystal NbCr2/Cr alloy with composition Cr-12 Nb(in atomic)was carried out by compression tests at constant stress.The results show that the minimum creep rate is increased with increasing in stress and deformation temperature.Slipping in the Cr matrix and twinning in the Laves phase NbCr2 are the main modes of creep deformation for the alloy.The decrease of the creep resistance is attributed to dynamic recrystallization of Cr matrix and synchroshearing of NbCr2 particles.
摘要:The shrinkage porosity in Cu-Ag binary alloy fabricated by permanent mold casting was analyzed by the Design of Experiment(DOE)based on Taguchi method,numerical simulation and casting experiment.The effects of processing parameters,such as pouring temperature,mold temperature and coating thickness,were analyzed on quality of shrinkage porosity ratio of Cu-Ag alloy.The numerical experiments with different processes were designed by Taguchi method and the simulated results were analyzed based on the signal-to-noise ratio(S/N)and analysis of variance(ANOVA).The influence of various process parameters on shrinkage porosity was described,and optimization of processing parameters was also proposed.Then the validity of the method and its confidence interval were confirmed by the verification test.The results indicate that the optimized process parameters are presented as follow:pouring temperature of 1 100℃,mold temperature of 200℃and the coating thickness of 1.5 mm.
摘要:The axial and moment loads of concrete-filled steel tubular columns were calculated by different analytical methods,and the load-displacement relation and stress distribution of concrete-filled steel tube with hexahedral,square and circular loading section were analyzed by means of ABAQUS finite element software.The results show that the bearing capacity of concrete-filled steel tube with circular section is the largest of 1 800 kN.The stress concentration of concrete filled steel tube with hexagonal section is dispersed with a better comprehensive performance,which can reduce significantly the risk of material failure caused by stress concentration.The analytical results are in agreement with the finite element simulated ones,so that the axial eccentric load model can be provided for a reference for the design and verification of concrete-filled steel tubular structures.
关键词:Finite Element Analysis;Concrete-filled Steel Tube;Stress Distribution;Verification Model
摘要:With higher melting point,relatively lower densities and attractive high temperature strength,Nb-Si based ultrahigh temperature alloys show great promise for application as the next generation turbine airfoil materials with the operating temperature of 1 2001 450℃.The composition design,microstructure regulation,characterization and processing technologies were reviewed,focusing on the relationship among compositions,microstructure and properties.The shortcoming of directionally solidified Nb-Si based superalloys was expounded.
关键词:Nb-Si Based Ultrahigh Temperature Alloy;Composition Design;Microstructure Regulation;Directional Solidification
摘要:The semi-solid 7075 alloy slurry was prepared by the low superheat pouring with a shear field(LSPSF).The microstructure and mechanical properties of the parts were analyzed.The influence of the injection pressure on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the 7075 alloy was analyzed.The results reveal that with the pressure increased from 50 MPa to 110 MPa,the average grain size is decreased from 39.3μm to 31.6μm,and the solid fraction of the liquid phase segregation tends to decreased from 0.82 to 0.63,and the liquid segregation tends to be increased.The tensile strength of the parts is increased,while the elongation is increased firstly and then decreased.With the injection pressure of 80 MPa,7075 alloy parts with the satisfied comprehensive properties can be produced.
摘要:Based on formation mechanism of shrinkage cavity in die castings,combined with the actual production,it is found that the origination of shrinkage cavity in LD68 castings is attributed to the higher local mold temperature and the wrapping combustion products of oil and fuel.By improving mold preservation project to ensure reasonable mold temperature gradient and reducing the amount of punch oil and changing the way of supply to avoid its combustion package,the shrinkage rate in LD68 hole is decreased by about 90%.
摘要:Based on the AlSi12 Fe filter-cavity castings,through analysis of the forming test and the numerical simulation,effects of the initial cavity gas pressure on mold filling during the vacuum die casting process were investigated.The results reveal that it is more difficult to form the castings with the decrease of the initial cavity gas pressure and increasing in drawing vacuum time.
关键词:Vacuum Die Casting;Filter-cavity Castings;Numerical Simulation
摘要:The design of the gating system for the die casting die of motorcycle engine block was performed.Because of the complex shape and uneven wall thickness,it is easy to generate various defects in process of die casting.Especially when the design of the casting system of the die is not reasonable,airentrapment,gas hole,cold shut defects can be generated,which seriously affect the mechanical properties of the castings.In view of the above problems,the design of the gating system was optimized based on the Flow-3D simulation,obtaining the satisfied effects.
摘要:In lost foam casting,the dynamic thermal degradation process of lost foam patterns under high temperature has a significant effect on molten metal filling appearance.The thermo-oxidative behaviors of EPS and St-MMA were investigated using Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)in pure air atmosphere at multiple linear heating rates.The apparent activation energy of EPS and St-MMA was determined by the iso-conversional methods.The average apparent activation energy of EPS and St-MMA reaches 86.8 kJ·mol-1 and 82.5 kJ·mol-1,respectively.Furthermore,the master plot z(α)was adopted to compare experimental results and general reaction mechanism functions,and the reaction mechanism of EPS is determined by phase boundary controlled reaction model R3.While the St-MMA reaction mechanism function was acquired by the model fitting method using nonlinear least square method,reflecting its complicated degradation mechanism.The simulated kinetic reaction rate model of EPS and St-MMA can supply accurate theoretical dataset for modeling the dynamic thermal degradation process in lost foam casting.
摘要:The ZL101 castings were produced by using LFC process with different supporting sand and sprue,and microstructure and mechanical properties of LFC ZL101 castings were analyzed comparatively.The results show that the microstructure of ZL101 castings produced by LFC process with steel shot filling is finer with less pin-hole,and a tensile strength at as-cast and T6-treated is 10% higher than those of ones with ceramcore sand filling.Using paper hollow sprue instead of foam sprue is beneficial in reducing pinhole,improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy castings.
摘要:Through mechanical properties test and microstructural observation,effects of melt treatment on porosities and mechanical properties of gypsum mold casting ZL114 Aalloy sample were investigated.The results show that the mechanical properties of the modified samples are decreased significantly compared with those of the unmodified ones,which are related to the increase of shrinkage.The addition of Sr is equivalent to changing the solidification range of the melts so that the sample tends to be solidified in the mushy zone,and the inclusion formed by the reaction of the modifier and melts is not treated fully,and the melt treatment time is longer,which are responsible for the formation of "gas shrinkage".
摘要:The vacuum gas pressure infiltration was used to prepare the 3D-SiCf/Al composites with the volume fraction of 48%,of which the reinforced material adopted 3D five-directional braided performs woven by KD-Ⅱ SiC fiber with the holding pressure for 10 min,20 min,30 min,respectively.The effects of holding pressure time on microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-SiCf/Al composites were analyzed.The results show that the average relative density of 3D-SiCf/Al composites is increased to 99.0% with the increase of holding pressure time,which is attributed to the holding pressure time effectively reducing the voids in the fiber bundle and fiber reunion.The tensile strength of 3D-SiCf/Al composites is increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of holding pressure time,which is attributed to the strong interfacial reaction deteriorating the mechanical properties of the composites.
摘要:Magnesium matrix composites with different volume fractions of Mg3Sb2 by in-situ method were prepared.The Gibbs free energy at different temperatures and adiabatic temperature of different Sb contents were calculated,and the composites were examined by X ray diffraction(XRD)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The results reveal that the magnesium matrix composites with different volume fractions of Mg3Sb2can be prepared by in-situ method.The 3Mg+2Sb=Mg3Sb2reaction can be carried out spontaneously.When the Sb content is 7.7%,15.4%and 23.1%,the synthesis reaction of Mg-Sb cann’t occur spontaneously.The synthesis temperature of intermetallic compound Mg3Sb2is544.58℃,621.84℃and 666.14℃,respectively.
摘要:In order to improve interfaces bonding between the TiB2 particles and copper matrix,a new process of electroless copper plating on the TiB2 was put forward.The plating efficiencies of TiB2 were observed by SEM,and the relative densities,electric conductivities and thermal expansion properties of TiB2/Cu composites containing different volume fraction of TiB2 before and afetr coated copper fabricated by microwave sintering were investigated.The results show that the electrical conductivities and thermal expansivity properties of the samples with coated copper TiB2 are obviously superior to those of ones without coated TiB2,however,the relative density of the former is obviously lower than that of the later due to the characteristics of microwave sintering.The results of theoretical calculation reveal that the CTE of the TiB2/Cu composites without plating copper TiB2 is consistent with ROM model calculation value,while the CTE of the TiB2/Cu composites with plating copper TiB2 is consistent with Kerner model calculation value,which indicate that the interface of the TiB2 particles and the matrix is improved greatly after the TiB2 particles modified with plating copper.
摘要:Cu-SiCp/AZ91Dcomposites were prepared under normal conditions and microgravity magnetic fields,and the structure and phase composition of the composites were analyzed.Microstructure’s formation mechanism and anti-friction properties were also analyzed.The results show that the composites prepared under normal conditions are mainly composed ofα-Mg,β-Mg17Al12and Mg2Si,and the grain size is the smaller than that of AZ91D,however its homogeneity is low.Under the simulated microgravity conditions,Cu-SiCp/AZ91Dcomposites are mainly composed ofα-Mg and Mg2Si phases,and the microstructure homogeneity is improved significantly with the further refinement of the grain,and microhardness is increased to about HV4.980.46.The frictional wear test shows that the Cu-SiCp/AZ91Dcomposites prepared by simulated microgravity conditions have the lower friction coefficient and wear rate.
关键词:Microgravity Electromagnetic Field;Cu-SiCp/AZ91D;Friction and Wear Performance;Mi crohardness
摘要:The RGO/Al matrix composites were prepared by wet ball milling and repressing and re-sintering process,and the preparation parameters were designed by orthogonal experimental.The influence of the pressure and temperature on the relative density,micro-hardness and average grain size of the composites was analyzed by the intuitive and variance analysis.The optimized process parameters were obtained by comprehensive balance method as follows:the pre-compaction pressure of 350 MPa,the pre-sintering temperatures of 580℃,the recompacting pressure of 1 000 MPa and the resintering temperatures of 490℃.The microhardness,relative density,average grain size and tensile strength of the alloy prepared by the optimized process reach 69.5 HV,99.81%,16.05μm and 212.87 MPa,respectively.Microstructure analysis reveals that graphene is mainly distributed in grain boundaries of aluminum grains and played a role of fine grain strengthening.
关键词:RGO/Al Matrix Composites;Repressing and Re-sintering Process;Optimization of Preparation Process
摘要:The effects of solution temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated of the core-shell structured Ti@(Al-Si-Ti)p/A356Al matrix composites prepared by powder thixoforming.The results reveal that with the solution temperature increase,the primary phase particles are coarsened gradually and the shape become irregular.Eutectic Si phase is continuously dissolved into the matrix,and the residual eutectic Si particles are spheroidized and then coarsened.Ti core of the coreshell structured reinforced particles is continued to react while the shell layer is thickened,and the phase in shell is transformed from the"1phase to the(Al,Si)3Ti phase.The mechanical properties of the composites are increased firstly and then reduced with the solution temperature increase.At the solution temperature of 530℃,the tensile strength,yield strength,elongation and Vickers hardness of the composites reach 386 MPa,297 MPa,9.6%and 94.8HV,respectively.
关键词:Powder Thixoforming;Al Matrix Composites;Core-shell Structured Particle;Solution Tem perature;Mechanical Properties
摘要:The microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al-5.0Mg-0.6Mn-0.25Ce alloys prepared by sand casting,metal casting and die-casting were investigated by OM,SEM,EDS and tensile testing.The results show that with the increase of cooling rate,theα-Al dendrites in the casting alloy are transformed into roundα-Al grains,and the second phase is refined.With a lower cooling rate,the as-cast microstructure of sand casting and metal casting alloy mainly consists ofα-Al dendrite,Al3Mg2phase,Al6(Fe,Mn)phase,Mg2Si phase.While with a higher cooling rate,the die-casting alloy consists of small equiaxedα-Al grains and short rod-shaped Mn-containing phases as well as needle-shaped Mg2Si phases distributed around the grain boundaries.With the increase of the cooling rate,the yield strength and tensile strength of the casting alloys are gradually increased,while the elongation rate is increased firstly and then decreased,which is mainly attributed to the microstructure of the alloy and the casting defects such as shrinkage holes.When the cooling rate increases,the microstructure of the casting alloys become finer,and the more Mg and Mn are dissolved into theα-Al-based matrix,leading to the higher strength of the alloys.However,in die-cast alloy,there exists gas hole and needle Mg2Si phases,which is harmful to the plasticity of the alloy.
关键词:Al-Mg-Mn Alloy;Sand Casting;Metal Casting;Die-Casting;Rare Earth Ce
摘要:0.14% Zr and 0.15%Sc were added in the 7055Al alloy to prepared the 7055-0.14Zr-0.15Sc alloy.The microstructures and mechanical properties of 7055-0.14Zr-0.15Sc and 7055alloys were analyzed comparatively at as-cast,homogenization,rolling and T6treated states.The results reveal that the primary Al3(Sc,Zr)phase can promote the heterogeneous nucleation during casting to refine the microstructure of the 7055-0.14Zr-0.15Sc alloy.The nanosized Al3(Sc,Zr)phase can be precipitated in the7055-0.14Zr-0.15Sc alloy during homogenization treatment,which can pin the grain boundaries during deformation and T6processes,thereby promotes the grain refinement in the 7055-0.14Zr-0.15Sc alloy.Compared with the 7055,the 7055-0.14Zr-0.15Sc alloy presents the higher strength and ductility.
摘要:The effects of processing parameters on the ZM5 gear shell were investigated by product structural analysis and ProCAST simulation.The results reveal that the gear shell with the thickness of 1525 mm and overall dimensions of 160 mm×100 mm×80 mm,can be well produced with pouring at 700℃for 6 sand setting two slit gate.However,porosity can be found in the concave position at thick wall of castings.According to the simulation results of proCAST and the actual production,the defects were obviously reduced by optimizing the casting process,such as adopting ceramic fiter,adding partial chill and increasing the pouring temperature.The chemical composition,mechanical properties,dimensional accuracy can all meet the product standard.
摘要:The effects of Al-3 Ti-3 B-1 Y master alloy on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-9 Si-0.4 Mg alloy were investigated,and the refinement mechanism of Al-3 Ti-3 B-1 Y master alloy was discribed.The results show that the morphology ofα-Al is changed from coarse dendrite to fine dendrite and the grain is refined obviously.Moreover,the eutectic Si phase is transformed from needle to particle shape.The mechanical properties of Al-9 Si-0.4 Mg alloy are improved significantly.
摘要:The effects of tool rotation speed on microstructure and corrosion behavior of friction stir welding seam were investigated for 6063 aluminum alloy.The corrosion behavior of the base materials and friction stir welding seams were tested in 3.5%(mass fraction)aqueous NaCl solution by static weightloss test,potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).Meanwhile,their microstructure and corrosion morphology were observed by the optical microscope(OM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results show that welding joints formed by friction stir welding consists of three regions:a base material zone(BMZ),a thermo-mechanically affected zone(TANZ)and a weld nugget(WN).The grains are transformed from coarse block grains in the material zone to fine equiaxed grains in the weld nugget,and a significant plastic flow phenomenon is observed in the thermo-mechanically affected zone,respectively.The results obtained from the static weightloss test suggest that the average corrosion rate of base material and welding seam are 0.078 1、0.231 5、0.347 2 and 0.405 1 g/(m2·h),respectively.Electrochemical tests show that the corrosion potential of welding seam is more negative than that of basic material,and the corrosion density presents the higher,meanwhile,the oxide resistance and polarization resistance are lower,compared with those of the parent alloy,which indicates that the friction stir welding seam exhibits lower corrosion resistance than the basic material.With increasing in the tool rotation speed,the corrosion resistance of the welding seam is gradually reduced.The pitting and intergranular are main corrosion mechanisms in the corroded areas within the welding seam and basic material of 6063 aluminum alloy.The refinement of grains and increase of grain boundary are responsible for the lower corrosion resistance of the welding seam during friction stir welding.
摘要:Corrosion behaviors of Zr-based metallic glass(Zr0.55Cu0.30Al0.10Ni0.05)99Y1 were investigated using immersion tests and potentiodynamic polarization tests.Pitting was observed by naked eyes after the sample was immersed in 3.5%NaCl solution for 49h,and absence of obvious corrosion was observed by naked eyes after the sample was immersed in 1mol/L H2SO4solution or 1mol/L NaOH solution for 434.5h.Potentiodynamic polarization curves of the samples tested in 0.0011mol/L H2SO4,1mol/L NaOH and 3.5%NaCl solutions all show the passivation regions,indicating good corrosion resistances.In 3.5%NaCl solution,the spontaneous corrosion potential is the lowest of-0.323VSCE,and the corrosion current density is the highest of 7.6×10-5 A/cm2,and the passivation region is the narrowest of 0.438V,indicating the worst corrosion resistance.The corrosion resistance in 1 mol/L NaOH solution is in the middle,while the corrosion resistance is the best in 1mol/L H2SO4solution.
关键词:Metallic Glass;Corrosion;Immersion Tests;Potentiodynamic Polarization Tests;Electro chemical Testing
摘要:The(La0.7Mg0.3)Nix(x=2,2.5,3)hydrogen storage alloys were prepared by negative pressure induction melting,and the hydrogen storage properties,phase composition and microstructure of rapidly quenched and ingot(La0.7Mg0.3)Nixhydrogen storage alloys before and after annealing were analyzed comparatively.The results reveal that with the increase of Ni content in(La0.7Mg0.3)Nixalloy,hydrogen releasing platform of the rapidily quenched hydrogen storage alloy is increased gradually and the platform is tended to be wider,and the rate of hydrogen release and the capacity of the hydrogen release are increased gradually.Plateau pressure of(La0.7Mg0.3)Ni2.5alloy is moderate with relatively better platform performance.When x=2.5,the ingot hydrogen storage alloy has relatively wider and flatten hydrogen absorption and desorption platform compared with hydrogen storage alloy with x=2.In addition,Ni content increase is beneficial to improving the hydrogen releasing rate of the alloy.The phases of ingot and rapidly quenched(La0.7 Mg0.3)Nix hydrogen storage alloys are all composed of LaNi5,(LaMg)Ni3and(LaMg)2Ni7phases at the as cast and annealed state at different temperatures,and with the increase of annealing temperature,LaNi5and(LaMg)Ni3phase has the characteristics of transition toward(LaMg)2Ni7phase.
摘要:In order to get better quality of tin bronze connecting rod bushing,two modules of power spinning and ironing in Simufact software were used to treat the same tubular blank.The actual outer diameter,internal roundness error and thickness deviation of connection rod bushing after numerical simulation were considered as estimated index in order to research the forming accuracy of the power spinning process of three rotating wheels and the ironing process of three times.The results show that the forming accuracy of the ironing process of three times is higher than that of the power spinning process of three rotating wheels,and the strength after power spinning is higher than that of ones after ironing.
关键词:Connecting Rod Bushing;Simufact;Power Spinning;Ironing;Forming Accuracy
摘要:The effects of ironing speed on the mechanical properties of tin bronze tubular parts were investigated by Simufact finite element simulation software with equivalent plastic strain and the equivalent stress of the workpiece after simulation as evaluation criteria.The tensile strength,elongation and deformation force of the forming parts were taken as the performance indexes to verify the simulated results.The results show that with the increase of ironing speed,the equivalent plastic strain and equivalent stress of tin bronze cylindrical parts are decreased firstly and then decreased.With the ironing speed of 15 mm/s,deformation force,the equivalent plastic strain and equivalent stress as well as tensile strength of forming a minimum parts reach the minimum values,while elongation is the highest value.