摘要:The uniaxial tensile tests of 7050 aluminum alloy were performed at 0.01~10 s-1 and 423~623 K by Gleeble1500 thermo-simulator combining with finite element method(FEM).The parameters of flow stress,dynamic recrystallization and thermo-plastic damage were determined firstly by experiment and FE uniaxial tensile tests.Furthermore,the effects of stress triaxiality on the thermo-plastic forming damage of 7050 aluminum alloy under different temperatures were investigated via the FE analysis for different notched bars based on the Bridgman method.Lastly,the DEFORM-3D software was adopted to analyze the process of grain size growth of the 7050 aluminum alloy under the different stress triaxiality.The results indicate that at the same temperature,the plastic damage value is increased with the increase of the stress triaxiality degree,while the damage value remains stable when the stress triaxiality is more than 0.7.At the same stress triaxiality,the plastic damage value is decreased with the increase of the temperature,while the damage value remains stable when the temperature reaches to 523 K and the grain size of 7050 aluminum alloy is decreased with the increase of stress triaxiality ranged between 0.33~0.50,and the grain size is increased with the increase of stress triaxiality ranged between 0.5~0.9.
摘要:The filling process of large-size hollow thin-walled Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy castings was analyzed,and the FLOW-3 Dsoftware was applied with combination of the method of free surface simulation tracking.The influence of abrupt changes in the cross section and the convergence of the front of the liquid flow on the stability of the liquid surface rise was investigated,and the formation mechanism of the surface film defects was also described.Finally,some improvements of the gating system were presenetd.
摘要:Taking Ti80 alloy as the base alloy,the Ti-5.5Al-3.0Nb-3.0Zr-1.2Mo alloy was proposed.The heattreated microstructure of the optimized composition alloy presents a uniform basket-weave,and its mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion performance is desirable.After adding 0.3%Ni to the optimized component alloy,the microstructure is refined,and strength and electrochemical corrosion performance are further improved,while the plastic toughness is reduced.
摘要:In the robust design method of casting process based on approximate model,due to only considering the parameter uncertainty,the approximate model cannot completely replace the real casting process,so there must be a big error in the optimization result.In order to improve the effectiveness of optimization results,a new robust optimization design method was proposed for low-pressure casting process based on double-layer Kriging iteration strategy,and the influence of approximate model uncertainty was introduced by analyzing the uncertainty,then,establishing a robust optimization model of low pressure casting process.Then the particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to obtain the optimal robust solution.Finally,an example shows that the robust optimization method proposed can obtain the solution of casting process with good robustness.
摘要:Platinum crucible is widely used in melting colored glaze materials to ensure its composition and melting quality.The failure platinum crucible for melting colored glaze in muffle furnace was analyzed.The results show that brittle cracks occurr at the crucible bottom,which are attributed to the reaction of platinum and silicon or carbon to generate the brittle phases with low melting points.Silicon and carbon are from the silicon carbide hearth plate,and its inclusive free carbon and the adhered glaze material on its surface can promote the oxidation of silicon carbide,and increase the embrittlement risk of the crucible bottom.Therefore,when platinum crucible is used for melting colored glaze,silicon carbide hearth plate must be avoided to be adopted.
摘要:The cast polysilicon silicon rods were corroded with KOH solutions and oxidized with H2O2 solutions.The effects of KOH solution concentrations and silicon temperatures on the corrosion of the silicon rods were investigated.The effect of the temperature of 30% H2O2 solution on the oxidization of the as-corroded silicon rods was also investigated.The cutting performance of the as-fabricated silicon rods was analyzed.The optimal etched silicon rods were obtained after the corrosion with 20% KOH solution for 2 min at 65 ℃.The highest oxidation degree was obtained by soaking the silicon rod in 30% H2O2 solution at 55℃for 8 min.The ratio of edge chipping of the polycrystalline silicon is decreased by 87% fabricated with diamond wire slicers using the optimal corrosion and oxidation treatment.
摘要:Due to the limited strength and plastic deformation ability,the grain refinement can improve the mechanical properties of magnesium alloys.Physical refinement in the solidification process and deformation refinement for the grain size in the magnesium alloy were reviewed.At last,the development prospect of physical grain refinement in magnesium alloys was presented.
摘要:Due to the limited strength and plastic deformation ability,the grain refinement of magnesium alloys can improve the mechanical properties.Grain refinement of chemical refining and composite refinement were summarized detailly.At last,the development prospect of grain refinement in magnesium alloys was described.
摘要:By summarizing the previous achievements on preparing A356 aluminum alloy wheels,wheel forming and heat treatment processes were reviewed.The various forming processes of aluminum alloy wheels were analyzed comparatively.Some toughening technologies of aluminum alloy wheels,such as improving brittleness characteristics of eutectic phase,regulating precipitation phase,were exppounded.On these basis,some measures were put forward.
摘要:The characteristics of graphite was briefly introduced,and effects of physical and chemical properties of graphite on the properties of materials were described,including the type,particle size,content and surface treatment of graphite.The influence of preparation technology on the properties of frictional materials was also expounded.Finally,the research progress in the precise control of graphite spatial distribution and the interface between graphite and matrix was reviewed.
关键词:Friction Materials;High-speed Train;Graphite;Powder Metallurgy;Application Status
摘要:The casting process design of rotor spider was investigated.The filling process was simulated by using the ProCAST software.Based on the simulated results,the origination of slag inclusion was analyzed,then the gating system with filter and casting process design of chill and riser were proposed to improve the casting quality.Numerical simulation was used to analyze the filling process of the gating system with filter and the casting process of chill and riser design.The results reveal that the gating system with filter can absorb the inclusion and stabilize the liquid flow.The casting process design of chill and riser can improve the feeding effect and eliminate the shrinkage cavity and porosity defects.The production verification by using the optimized technology was carried out,and desirable quality of rotor spider could be obtained,which could meet the technical requirement.
关键词:Rotor Spider;Numerical Simulation;Gating System with Fiter;Shrinkage Holes
摘要:Magma software was used to carry out numerical simulation analysis of the thermal stress field of a large power train component mould.The actual service life of the parts with different distance from the mould to the gate can be estimated by calculating the thermal fatigue life.Finally,design optimization measures for areas with low service life were put forward to improve the service life of the whole mould.
关键词:Thermal Stress Analysis;Die Service Life;Die Casting
摘要:The conventional die casting and vacuum die casting magnesium alloy radiator were simulated by Flow-3D software to understand the defects and air entrainment in the filling process,and the trial products were manufactured.By analyzing the microstructure and mechanical properties of conventional die casting and vacuum die casting,the results reveal that vacuum die casting can obtain magnesium alloy die castings with complete filling and excellent appearance,and its tensile strength and elongation are increased by 14.1% and 42.1%,compared with those of with common die castings,respectively.
关键词:Magnesium Alloy Die Castings;Numerical Simulation;High Vacuum Die Casting
摘要:Taking the design of the die casting die for the back cover of the magnesium alloy notebook computer as an example,the general process of the rapid design of the die casting die was carried out by using the CAD Integrated System of the die casting die based on the big data analysis.The system can not only design the side core pulling and complex cavity structure of the die-casting mold quickly and reasonably,but also query the relevant professional data of the die-casting mold design,big data analysis,and guide the design of the die-casting and related mold.The practical application shows that the system can complete the design of complex cavity die-casting mold quickly,and has reference value for the design of complex magnesium alloy die-casting mould.
关键词:Big Data;Magnesium Alloys;Die Casting Die;CAD Integrated System
摘要:Due to the thick back side of spoke not meeting the sequential solidification requirements,shrinkage defects easily appear in the back side of the spokes on large-size and wide rim wheels after cutting groove,which effects the appearance and safety of the wheel.Meanwhile,it is difficult to adjust and improve the process under the conventional mould structure.An internal cooling die scheme was designed to solve the problem.Through the actual validation,with absence of using the chill or sand core inserts,mould scheme could improve obviously the process of cooling and filling of the thick part of the back side of wheel spokes to eliminate the shrinkage defects by changing the structure of upper and lower insert mold and optimize the cooling and holding temperature of the lower mold.
关键词:Aluminum Alloy Wheel;Wide Rim;Back Side of Spoke;Shrinkage Porosities;Mould
摘要:Boron-chromium composite infiltration coating and the single boronized coating were prepared on H13 steel by TRD salt bath treatment.The precracks were cut on the samples and each sample was subjected to a thermal fatigue test with cold and hot cycle at 20~650 ℃.The tip crack size of the sample was observed and measured by the EMPA,and the mechanism for the formation of oxide cluster on the surface was analyzed by point scanning.The results show that there exsit less oxidation phenomenon and fewer crack growth on the surface of the boron-chromium composite infiltrated layer sample,which shows that boron-chromium composite infiltration coating has better oxidation resistance than single boronized coating.The crack growth of boronized samples is attributed to the combination of oxidative tearing and stress tearing,while the crack growth of the boron-chromium composite samples is mainly attributed to stress tearing.
关键词:TRD Salt Bath;Boron-chromium Coating;Thermal Fatigue;H13Steel;Aluminum Die-casting
摘要:According to the structural characteristics of the intermediate case and the production conditions of the company,the investment casting process and production flow chart for intermediate case were designed.The production results show that rapid prototyping manufacturing can reduce the cost of mould making and shorten manufacturing cycle.Separated-shell making and integrated casting can reduce the labor intensity and the impact of device limitation.Through binding iron wire,using external chill and burying the mold shell in sand box,the intermediate case was produced successfully.
摘要:Four kinds of laminated puncture structural Cf/Al composites with volume fraction of 47.5% of carbon fiber were fabricated by vacuum pressure infiltration.The effects of Z-direction puncture structural parameters on the density,microstructure and shearing properties of Cf/Al composites were investigated.The results reveal that the Z-direction puncture structural parameters have great influence on the density,microstructure and shearing properties of Cf/Al composites.With Z-direction puncture fiber bundles of single stock,and the needle spacing of 3 mm/needle and 4 mm/needle,respectively,the density,shearing strength and modulus of Cf/Al composites are 95.0%,69.9 MPa,7.47 GPa and 95.5%,65.3 MPa,8.38 GPa,respectively.With Z-direction puncture fiber bundles of double stock and the needle spacing of 3 mm/needle and 4 mm/needle,respectively,the density,shearing strength and modulus of Cf/Al composites reach up to 96.3%,78.6 MPa,8.26 GPa and 96.0%,63.7 MPa,8.12 GPa,respectively.Compared with the microstructures of the other three composites,with Z-direction puncture fiber bundles of double socks,and the needle spacing of 3 mm/needle of Cf/Al composites,the fiber filaments are evenly distributed and absence of obvious micro-voids defects.Shear failure of composites is attributed to occurrence of the crack at the matrix and interface damage of V-notch,and the cracks and shear force extending at 45°as well as the buckling deformation of the warp fiber bundles,the extrusion deformation of the weft fiber bundles and the deflection of the Z-direction puncture fiber bundles lead to the ultimate failure of composites.
摘要:TiC/Co coating with 15%,20% and 25% SiC content was prepared on the surface of stainless steel impeller of special fan for road washing sweeper by laser cladding technology.By using SEM,EDS,XRD,microhardness tester and other means of analysis,the surface-section morphology,chemical compositions,phases and hardness of the coating prepared were examined,and effects of the TiC to Co ratio on friction-wear performance of the coatings were analyzed.In addition,the wear mechanism was described.The results reveal that the average friction coefficient of the coatings with 15%,20% and 25% SiC content reach 0.46,0.31 and 0.28,respectively.The coatings with 15% and 20% SiC content are mainly characterized by adhesive wear and oxidation wear,while the coating with 25% SiC content is mainly characterized by adhesive wear and oxidation wear accompanying with abrasive wear.The coating with 20% SiC content presents slightly wear with excellent abrasion resistance,which is suitable for impeller surface.
摘要:The cermet/steel cladding coating was prepared by sintering and casting compound method with FeB,Mo and other powders as the main raw materials.The interface structure,composition,hardness,wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cladding coating were investigated by SEM,OM,EDS and tensile testing.The results indicate that the cermet/steel cladding materials consist of cermet layer,transition zone and steel matrix from the surface to the center,and the transition zone is composed of three layer transition layer,presenting gradient structure.The cermet is presented metallurgical bonding with the steel matrix with the absence of defects in interfacial structure.In addition,the hardness of the metal ceramic layer is 1 098 HV,which is much higher than that of 45 steel matrix.The performance test of the cladding material shows that the cermet/steel cladding material has similar wear resistance with YG8 cemented carbide.
摘要:SiCp/2024 and SiCp/6061 composites were prepared by pressure infiltration method with volume fraction of SiC of 25%,30%,35%,40%,45%and 50%,respectively.The effects of the volume fraction of SiC particles on the microstructure and properties of the composites prepared were investigated by SEM,OM,EDS and tensile testing,and the effects of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of the composites were analyzed.The experimental results show that the hardness,tensile strength and compressive strength of SiCp/2024 and SiCp/6061 composites are increased obviously with the increase of SiC volume fraction,while the elongation is obviously declined.The fracture mode of the composites is characterized by brittle fracture.With the volume fraction of SiC of 50%,the hardness,compressive strengths and tensile strengths of SiCp/2024 and SiCp/6061 composites reach up to HB243.34 and HB154.97,840.63 MPa and 519.83 MPa,340.2 MPa and 300.5 MPa,respectively.After solid solution and aging treatment,the strength and hardness of the two kinds of composite are increased,while the elongation is decreased.The properties of the composites with higher volume fraction of SiC are improved greatly after heat treatment,and the improvement of properties of SiCp/6061 composites is more obvious than that of SiCp/2024 composites.
摘要:The cooling process of the spray-deposited 7055 alloy was simulated by the stepwise insulation process.The precipitation of the second phase in the 7055 alloy was analyzed by XRD,SEM,TEM and other methods.The results show that by the NaOH extraction,η-MgZn2 phase,S-Al2 CuMg phase and T-Al2Mg3Zn3 phase can be observed in the spray-deposited 7055 alloy.7055 aluminum alloy is the closest to the spray deposition cooling process after 325 ℃ insulation,and some precipitates can be observed such as fineη-MgZn2 phase,slender S-Al2CuMg phase and a plate-like equilibrium phase T-Al2Mg3Zn3 phase.Through simulation cooling research,the second phase can be precipitated during the solidification of the alloy,and these second phases is grew into micron-level second phases(η-MgZn2 phase)during the cooling analysis.The nano-level second phase including the fineη-MgZn2 phase,the slender S-Al2 CuMg phase and the lamellar equilibrium phase T-Al2Mg3Zn3 phase are mainly precipitated during the cooling process.
摘要:In aluminum-alloy piston casting process,ladle which covered with coating was used to carry aluminum.The coating can provide thermal insulation and prevent from sticking aluminum.After cleaning and repairing the ladle,semi-open electric oven was used to preheat the ladle for painting and to heat the coating after ladle painted to sufficiently heated both inner and outside coating surface inside the oven the ladle.Heating efficiency and coating lifetime were improved greatly.The service life of hand-iron ladle and mechanical ceramic ladle are imprived 233% and 178%,respectively.
摘要:The hot compression behaviors of BT25 titanium alloys were investigated by Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator at the deformation temperature of 950~1 010℃,strain rate of 0.01~1 s-1 and maximum height reduction of 60%.The critical damage values were calculated based on the standard Cockcroft-Latham theory.Considering the influence of deformation temperature and deformation rate on the critical damage value,Zener-Hollomon parameter was introduced to establish the critical damage model.By analyzing the damage sensitivity curves,the damage sensitivity rate of 0.03 is taken as the time when the crack is generated,and the damage value at that time is taken as the critical damage factor.The results reveal that the critical damage factor of BT25 titanium alloy is varied in the range of 0.18~0.27 with deformation temperature and strain rate.Meanwhile,the critical damage factor is more sensitive to the strain rate.At the same deformation temperature,the strain rate is increased and the damage factor is decreased.
摘要:The microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-8.5Si-3.5Cu-1.2Fe alloy with different La contents were investiagted.The results reveal that with La addition,the formation of AlSiFeLa phases can be observed Meanwhile theα-Al,eutectic Si phase and needle-likeβ-Al5FeSi phase all can be refined.With addition of 0.6% La,the modification effect is desirable and the ultimate tensile strength of the T6 treated alloy reaches 233 MPa.The length ofα-Al primary dendrite arm is decreased from 181.3μm to 55.2μm,and the size of eutectic Si phase is decreased from 13.0μm to 6.9μm,and the size of β-Al5FeSi phase is decreased from 24.2μm to 14.7μm.With the content of La more than 0.6%,the morphology of β-Al5FeSi phase becomes coarse again,so the strength of the alloy is decreased.After T6 treatment,there is absent change in the phase composition of the alloy.However,the fragmentation of β-Al5FeSi phase can be observed by diffusion of solute atoms and matrix atoms at points such as crevice locations or the tips,and the morphology of eutectic Si phase is transformed into granular structure.
摘要:Binary copper alloy was prepared by vacuum arc smelting method with 0.3% Cr element addition,and a ternary copper alloy ingot was prepared with 0.3% of Al,Sn and Ni elements,respectively.After solution treatment,70% cold deformation and aging treatment,the electric conductivity,hardness and electrochemical behavior of the alloy were analyzed.The results show that Cr element can improve significantly the hardness and the corrosion resistance of copper,and reduce the corrosion rate,however,its effect on the electrical conductivity can be ignored.With adding trace elements of Al,Sn,or Ni to the Cu-0.3 Cr alloy,the electrical conductivity of the alloy is further decreased,and the dominance is Sn>Al>Ni,and the hardness value is reduced slightly,where the effective order is Sn>Al>Ni.In addition,the passivation phenomenon is enhanced obviously,especially the Al element addition
摘要:The GH4169 Galloy forgings have light and dark banded defects during low power inspection,which was observed through micro metallography.The results reveal that theδ-Ni3Nb phase is segregated in banding defect with coarse grain size,in addition,it is independent on the segregation of carbide and carbonitride.The JMatPro software was used to simulate the phase transition of GH4169 Galloy during solidification process.The results reveal that the equilibrium distribution coefficient of Nb in the alloy is 0.19,so composition segregation is easily formed,which are responsible for dark and light banded structure formed.The homogenizing treatment of alloy is modified from two-stage into the three-stage of 1 120℃×15 h、1 160℃×30 hand 1 190℃×60 h,so the banded structure is eliminated.