摘要:The microstructure of Au-Ge eutectic alloy was characterized using optical microscope and electron probe micro-analyser,and its melting and solidification curves were tested by DSC in order to understand effects of 0.2% Sb addition on as-cast microstructure of Au-Ge eutectic alloy.The results show that primaryα-Au phase morphologies in Au-Ge eutectic alloy are converted from long rod/needle into petal/dendrite with 0.2% Sb addition,and its size is refined significantly.Meanwhile,the size of granular eutectic Ge phase is reduced remarkably.The refinement mechanism of primaryα-Au phase and Ge phase is attributed to constitutional supercooling and eutectic undercooling degree increase caused by the element Sb,respectively.
摘要:In order to decrease the burning loss of SiCpand improve the wettability of SiCpin PTA welding process,the Co-based overlaying coating reinforced by nickel coated silicon carbide particles on H13 steel surface was prepared with the modified plasma gun.Coating phases were identified by XRD.Microstructure of coating was obserbed by OM and SEM.Microhardness of coating was tested by microhardness tester.The results show that coating is composed of cellular crystals in bonding area,the dendrites in coating area and some particle phase.Hardfacing layer is mainly composed of the silicides of Cr and Co,Cr carbides such as Cr23C6 and M7C3,solid solution of Co,and a small amount of SiC at the top of hardfacing layer.Microhardness of coating is decreased gradually from the surface to the substrate,and exhibits the gradient distribution.The average microhardness of surface reaches 800 HV.
摘要:The effects of Er element on textures of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy sheets were investigated by means of orientation distribution functions(ODFs).The results show that the major textures of as-rolled AlMg-Si-Cu alloy sheets are composed of rotated cube texture{100}<011>,and{111}<110>、{111}<112> brass Rtexture,while conventional rolling B,S,Ctextures are very low,which is closely related with a large number of dispersedly intermetallic compound particles contained in the alloy.After solution heat-treatment,the major textures of Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Er alloy contained 0.1% Er element are Brass texture and Cube+ND25texture.PSN is one of the recrystallization nucleation mechanism of aluminum alloy.As the Er content increase to 0.2%,the major texture of aluminum alloy is the weaker Brass texture,and PSN nucleation is receded.Er can affect the matrix lattice and reduce the energy of the fault layer as well as restricting the cross slide.
摘要:For the low plasticity and large height-diameter ratio aluminum magnesium alloy parts,the traditional processing method is difficult to achieve deep drawing with one time.For forming demand in aerospace and other fields,numerical simulation of multi-stage deep drawing process for the aluminummagnesium alloy(5A06)cylindrical parts was carried out.To meet the forming need of aluminum-magnesium alloy with large height-diameter ratio cylindrical cup,a forming process named hydrodynamic deep drawing(HDD)with radial hydraulic pressure was proposed.The results indicate that under the reasonable match of liquid chamber pressure and radial pressure loading paths,crack and deforming deficiency can be controlled,meanwhile,the forming steps and the forming limitation are reduced effectively.After the trial production,the numerical simulation analysis results was verified,and the qualified cylindrical part 5A06 was produced successfully.
关键词:Numerical Simulation;Multi-stage Deep Drawing;HDD with Radial Hydraulic Pressure;Forming Limitation
摘要:Effects of temperature,extrusion speed and friction coefficient on the stress distribution in the extrusion forming process of Ti-1023 alloy were simulated by DEFORM-3Dfinite element software.The microstructure evolution law of the Ti-1023 alloy during extrusion process was simulated by the cellular automaton(CA)method.The results show that the stress distribution under different extrusion conditions is different,and the stress concentration appears in the extrusion die gate,and frictional force has a relatively effect on stress distribution.The microstructure simulation shows that the dynamic recrystallization in the alloy can be observed at the stable extrusion stage with the increase of the extrusion deformation,and the grain size is refined.The dynamic recrystallization softening effect leads to the extrusion load decrease from peak and to be relatively stable.The average grain size is decreased with the extrusion speed increase at the same deformation rate.
摘要:Numerical simulation of temperature and porosity prediction algorithm during casting solidification process was analyzed to develop the SIMU-CAST software.The software can predict temperature field and casting defects,such as shrinkage porosity(holes)based on FEM method,where non-linear features of material characteristics and boundary condition as well as latent heat treatment are taken into account.The simulated result of shrinkage porosity by the self-developed software was compared with that of one by the ProCAST software.The comparative result is satisfied.
摘要:Collocated grids were introduced melting model design.Based on the simplified physical model of induction furnace,mathematical model to describe the physical process was established,and the simulated results of the temperature field in induction heating were presented.Finite volume method was used to solve flow field of mechanical stirring process,meanwhile,the flow behavior and temperature distribution were analyzed.The simulated results reveal that induction heating begins at the peripheries where hot spot can be formed possible after melting,and mechanical stirring can promote greatly temperature homogenization.
摘要:The finite element simulation of the hot extrusion process for the Mg2B2O5w/AZ63 Bunder different processes was carried out by using DEFORM-3Dsoftware.The effects of the varied extrusion temperatures(250 ℃,300 ℃,350 ℃)and speeds(1mm/s,4mm/s)as well as extrusion ratio(6.25,14,20.25)on equivalent stress of the extruded composites were analyzed.The simulation results reveal that temperature has significant role in equivalent stress,and the maximum equivalent stresses are decreased from 185 MPa to 135 MPa when the extrusion temperature is increased from 250℃to 350℃.In addition,the maximum equivalent stresses are decreased from 184 MPa to 167 MPa when the extrusion speed is increased from 1mm/s to 4mm/s at fixed ratio and temperature.With the increase of the extrusion ratio,the equivalent stresses of the billet in the extrusion chamber are increased and the extrusion billet in the die taper angle suffers a strong extrusion and shearing deformation.Therefore,the grains sizes are refined and the distribution of the equivalent stresses becomes more uniform.
摘要:The combination of the inner gate and the runner was analyzed by the analysis of different schemes to understand filling velocity field of metal liquid based on the gating system of control arm for automobile.The variance of the flow velocity in the inner gate was compared to select the optimized filling combination.The results reveal that due to the change of the cavity size,there exist optimized filling velocity at different cross section.The filling velocity of liquid metal at different cross section was presented.
摘要:The microstructures evolution and mechanical properties of squeeze cast Al-5.0Cu-0.8Mg-0.5Fe alloys were investigated by metallographic microstructure observation,scanning electron microscopy,tensile testing.The results reveal that the tensile properties of Al-Cu alloy containing high Fe content are improved greatly with the applied pressure increasing from 0to 75 MPa,which are attributed to the applied pressure promoting the formation of Chinese script AlmFe and preventing the precipitation of needle-likeβ-Fe,refining Fe-rich intermetallics as well as decreasing cast defects.With the applied pressure of 75 MPa,the tensile strength and elongation of the alloy reach 258 MPa and 8.5%in as-cast condition,while they reach 432 MPa and 6.7% after T6 heat treatment,respectively.
摘要:3D model of the connected sleeve with gating system was established by Pro/E software.Through selecting a set of parameters,separately meshing the connected sleeve with two different gating system of 3D model,the possible locations of shrinkage cavity were predicted effectively during the filling and solidification process.According to the simulated results,the location of gating system was presented.
摘要:ZL114Aoil circuit shell casting was produced by the low pressure casting.Effects of the optimization of composition,grain refinement and melt treatment of ZL114 Aon the microstructure and mechanical properties of the shell casting were investigated.Furthermore,The processing parameters of low pressure casting and solidification process were simulated by the ProCAST software.The results show that,by using high purity raw material,alloy composition optimization,refinement of the alloy and melt purification treatment,the performance of ZL114 Aalloy is increases greatly.Slot gating system and thick area placed chill can improve the internal quality obviously of the shell casting with decreasing shrinkage porosities.
摘要:The content of gas in the die castings could be reduced by vacuum die casting(VDC),so the castings fabricated by VDC can be subjected to the high temperature short time heat treatment with steady dimension and absence of blisters on the surface.With Mg concent of 2.1%,the elongation of the die castings reaches up to 6%.The tensile strength of the as-cast alloy is increased with increasing in contend of Mg,where the yield strength of the die casting reaches up to 163 MPa with 0.65% Mg content.After the artificial aging,with the Mg content of 0.89%,the tensile strength of the alloy is 356.2MPa.
关键词:Vacuum Die Casting;High Temperature Short Time Heat Treatment;Artificial Aging;Mg
摘要:The process and mould structure of squeezing casting sleeve-inserted-pipe were introduced,and processing parameters were presented.The results reveal that it is feasible for producing sleeve-insertedpipe for electric-drive automobile by squeezing casting.The sleeve-inserted-pipe produced exhibits accuracy size and appearance with absence of shrinkage porosity(holes)by X-ray detection,meeting the technological requirement in quality.Meanwhile,the mould shows high efficiency and stable production quality.
摘要:The mechanical vibration was applied on the ZL101 Aalloy during the expendable pattern shell casting,and effects of amplitude on microstructure and mechanical properties of the expendable pattern shell casting ZL101 Aalloy were investigated.The results show that without mechanical vibration,the morphologies ofα-Al primary phase and eutectic silicon exhibit coarse and long rods,respectively,so the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy is low.After the mechanical vibration was applied,microstructure and mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy were improved greatly.With increasing in amplitude,the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy are increased more and more.When the amplitude is 1.0mm,theα-Al primary phase shows fine equiaxed morphology,and the eutectic silicon exhibits fine short rod structure.Comparing with those of ones without mechanical vibration,the size ofα-Al primary phase and secondary dendrite arm spacing are decreased by 39% and 19%,respectively,while the shape factor is increased by 262%.In addition,length,width and length-width ratio of the eutectic silicon are decrease by 45%,6% and 42%,respectively,meanwhile,the tensile strength,yield strength,elongation and hardness of the aluminum alloy are increase by 35%,21%,60% and 9%,respectively.
摘要:The difference of casting technologies for deep pine shovel tip among lost foam casting,the iron based coated sand,the sand mold was analyzed.Lost foam casting for deep pine shovel tip was designed and simulated by ProCAST software.Then,optimized parameters of lost foam casting were presented as follows:bead density of 2024g/L,vacuum rate of-0.05-0.06 MPa for 5 min during pouring process.The casting hardness of deep pine shovel tip reaches up to 51 HRC,exhibiting the satisfied wear resistance.
关键词:Deep Pine Shovel Tip;Lost Foam Casting;Numerical Simulation;Wear Resistence
摘要:The formation mechanism of segregation with various morphology of spot,banded and line shape in lead air section of ZL205 Acastings used for the reverser of aero-engine with thin-walled,heteromorphosis and mutant cross section was analyzed by OM(optical microscopy),SEM(scanning electron microscopy)and EDS(energy dispersed spectrometer).The results show that the formation of spotshaped segregation in the lead air section of the cooling castings is contributed to the aggregation of Ti and Zr cluster,while the formation of banded and line shape segregation is the result of the Al2 Cu eutectic segreagtion during the solidification process.The segregation degree is relieved greatly through adjusting the remelting and casting process of the alloy.
摘要:Interface reactions between superalloys and the ceramic materials in investment casting were reviewed.The interface reaction between superalloy and ceramic materials is closely related with ceramic material kinds,alloy composition.SiO2 in ceramic materials and C,Cr,Al,Hf elements in superalloy are the key elements for interface reaction.The reaction products consist of Al2O3,Cr2O3 and HfO2,greatly affecting the quality of castings.The content of active elements should reach up to proper level to realize interface reaction.
摘要:Effects of reheating time on the in-situ formation of core-shell structured particle were investigated.The results indicate that thickness of the shell is increased gradually to subsequently rupture and peel off with the increase of the reheating time.By the XRD analysis,the result shows that the reaction products are transformed fromτ2phase into Ti(Al,Si)3phase with increasing in the reheating time.The previous research indicates that the optimized temperature of the Al-7Si-Mg alloy powder is 590 ℃,where the matrix alloy possesses an ideal semisolid microstructure.The Ti core-shell structured can be obtained after being heated for 30 min at 590℃.The core-shell structural particle was tested by nanoindentor,and the results show that the microhardness of the shell and core reach up to 6.97 GPa,1.22 GPa,respectively.
关键词:Al Matrix Composites;Microstructure;Core-shell Structural Particle;Reheating Time
摘要:The composites of MMCs and steel with three dimensional interpenetrating network structure(3D-MMCs/steel)were fabricated by 3Dprinting combining with pressure infiltration method.Zirconiatoughened alumina(ZTA)particles are taken as the reinforcement of MMCs,and the matrix of the MMCs and the steel are 40 Cr steel.The MMCs area and the steel area in the composite are continuously interpenetrated in the three dimensional network.The microstructure and impact abrasive wear behavior of the composite were analyzed by comparing with those of the ZTAp/40 Cr composites.The results show that the wear volume loss of 3D-MMC/steel composite is reduced by 31.24%,and the composites prepared have complete structure and satisfied bonding interface.
摘要:The chopped carbon fibers reinforced magnesium composites(Csf/AZ91Dcomposite)were prepared by vacuum assisted pressure infiltration method.The hot deformation behavior of Csf/AZ91 Dcomposites prepared was investigated at 400490 ℃ and strain rate of 0.0010.1s-1 as well as maximum deformation strain of 50%.The microstructure of the composites before and after deformation was observed by optical microscope,and the hot plastic deformation mechanism of the composites prepared was approached by comparing with the magnesium alloy.The results indicate that the strain softening of the composites prepared is the more significant than that of the corresponding magnesium alloy due to the rotation and breakage of whiskers during hot compression process.The matrix microstructure is refined by the chopped carbon fibers during fabrication,and the quantity of interface including grain boundary and phase interface is increased accordingly.As a result,the composites prepared exhibit a high strain rate sensitivity.In addition,the strengthening effect of short carbon fiber and grain boundary is weaken,and the stress level of the composites is decreased significantly with the increase of the deformation temperature.The apparent deformation activity energy of the composites is the higher than that of the corresponding magnesium alloy.
摘要:Effects of K2ZrF6 content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 alloy were investigated.The results show that the microstructure of A356 alloy with K2ZrF6 addition is improved significantly.With increasing in K2ZrF6 addition,the morphology of primaryα-Al is converted from developed dendrite to fine equiaxed dendrite.Moreover,the morphology of eutectic Si is modified from coarse acicular to fine vermicular and particle-like.However,the alloy exhibits over-modification with the addition more than 1.0%.Mechanical properties of A356 Alloy are increased firstly and then decreased.With 1.0% K2ZrF6 addition,the tensile strength and elongation of A356 alloy are increased by29% and 95%,respectively,compared with those of alloy without K2ZrF6 addition.
摘要:The effects of processing parameters,such as pressing temperature,pressing pressure and holding pressure time,on quality of ADC12 recycling billet produced by chip solid pressing(CSP)were investigated by Taguchi method and design of experiment(DOE).Optimization of processing parameters was carried out on the basis of the signal-to-noise ratio(S/N)and analysis of variance(ANOVA)of experimental results.Then the validity of the method and its confidence interval were confirmed by the verification test.The results show that optimized process parameters are presented as follows:pressing temperature of 250 ℃,pressing pressure of 640 MPa and holding pressure time of 47 s.
摘要:A bracket was produced with ZL205 Aaluminum alloy.Combining with the structure formability and solidification characteristics analysis,the gravity pouring was adopted,and distribution of solidification field,temperature field and solid phase were calculated by the ProCAST softwate.The optimized process parameters were determined,and the solidification sequence from outside to inside and from bottom to top was achieved,improving the quality of the solidification metallurgical and meeting the technical requirements.The average tensile strength,yield strength and elongation of the bracket after T6 treatment reach up to 485 MPa,430 MPa and 7.8%,respectively.
摘要:The effects of different mechanical vibrating parameters,such as vibration frequency,amplitude and vibrating angle,on the mechanical properties and microstructure of A356 alloy were investigated by tensile testing and microstructural observation.The results show that primary Al phase and secondary dendrite in A356 alloy exhibit fine with desirable strength and elongation with frequency of 2030Hz,amplitude of 0.30.6mm as well as vibration angle of zero.
摘要:Al-Ti-B alloy wire was added to new high strength wear resistant piston materials—BH135online referring to understand its refining effects.The results reveal that Al-Ti-B wire is independent on the Al-P modification.With 0.1% Al-Ti-B wire,coarse columnar grain and feathery grain in BH135 alloy are converted into fine equiaxed grain,where the grain size is refined to approximately 576μm.Meanwhile,the tensile strength,elongation and fatique rength of the modified BH135 alloy are increased by 3.8%6.0%,13%,11.4%17.1%,respectibely.
关键词:Piston Materials;Al-Ti-B Alloy Wire;Refining;Microstructure and Properties
摘要:Four types of 7050 aluminum alloys with different scandium addition were prepared,and effects of scandium on the microstructure,mechanical properties and recrystallization behaviour of 7050 alloy were investigated.The results show that scandium has a remarkable refining effect on the microstructure of as-cast 7050 alloy,and the grains in the alloy are transformed to fine equiaxed grain from coarse dendrite with increasing in scandium content.The tensile properties of the alloy are obviously enhanced with absence of decreasing the plaseticity of the alloy by adding a small amount of scandium to7050 alloy,and the best tensile properties can be obtained with the scandium content of 0.26%.However,it has no obvious effect on the mechanical properties of the alloy by adding more scandium to 7050 alloy.Compared with that of the 7050 alloy without addition of scandium,the recrystallization temperature of the 7050 alloy with the scandium content of 0.26%rises,and the starting recrystallization temperature of the alloy is raised to above 480 ℃.
摘要:Al coating was prepared on the surface of AZ31 B magnesium alloy by means of oxygen acetylene spraying,and the coating on the AZ31 Balloy prepared was treated by hot pressing treatment.Microstructure and surface scanning elements distribution of hot pressing coating were analyzed by SEM,EDS,and corrosion resistance of the hot pressed coating was tested through the immersion test and electrochemical workstation.Meanwhile,the hardness of the coating was analyzed by micro hardness tester.The results reveal that after hot pressing,coating thickness is reduced significantly,and the porosity disappears.In addition,the hot pressed Al coating has a better corrosion resistance compared with the Al coating and substrate.Meanwhile,hardness of the hot pressed Al coating is the 1.22 times of the Al coating.
关键词:Hot Pressed Al Coating;Polarization Curve;Corrosion Resistance;Micro-Hardness
摘要:By using computer-based microscope,X-ray diffraction,electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and so on,effects of sensitization temperature and time on number,structure,distribution,morphology and chemical composition of precipitates in Incoloy028 alloy samples prepared under different conditions were investigated.Meanwhile,using 10% the oxalic acid sample,influence of precipitates on corrosion resistance of the Incoloy028 alloy was analyzed.The results reveal that a higher secondary precipitates from Incoloy028 alloy with sensitization treatment at 8001 000 ℃ can be observed while a less precipitates can be observed at about 700 ℃.At the same sensitizing temperature,with the extension of sensitization time,precipitates in the alloy can be increased gradually,in which Cr,Mo element content is increased,while Fe,Ni element is decreased,which is responsible for the decrease of corrosion resistance of Incoloy028 alloy.
关键词:Sensitization;Incoloy028 Alloy;Sensitizing Temperature
摘要:The spring contact finger of beryllium bronze was prepared with TIG by lapping welding form,and microstructure and properties of the samples were investigated comprehensively.The experimental results indicate that the welding point microstructure is similar with that of the matrix,and the tensile strength reaches about 800 MPa,being 93% of the matrix,meanwhile,the hardness is about 420 HV,being equivalent with those of the matrix.In addition,the electron resistivity is about 0.069 9×10-6Ω·mm2/m,which is superior to that of the matrix.
摘要:Influence of the conductivity of working fluid on quality of brass surface with low melting point and low hardness was investigated by single factor experiment.Based on observation and analysis of the surface microscopic morphology and chemical composition in processing surface,the processed surface roughness and the surface layer of the brass after cutting three times by electric sparking were analyzed.The results reveal that the surface roughness of the brass has a highly significant non-linear relationship with the conductivity of working liquid.With the increase of conductivity of working liquid,brass surface roughness is decreased firstly and then increased,where the minimum value is 1.63μm.The machining surface exhibits concave,irregular drop with tiny holes,ball drop,electrolytic pinhole and micro crack,which are different distribution with different conductivity of working liquid.Because the recast layer without Mo element,the molybdenum wire presnts nearly without melting loss.Oxygen content is increased with the increase of the conductivity of working liquid.
关键词:HSWEDM;Conductivity of the Working Fluid;Brass;Surface Quality
摘要:Effects of electroslag remelting on as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr20Ni80 ingot were investigated by analyzing comparatively cross section’s macrostructure,inclusions,mechanical properties of ingots before and after ESR.The results reveal that the range of columnar crystal zone in big end,and small end as well as fine grain zone at small end is extended after ESR.The columnar crystal zone is one half of the radius in the big end and the crystal grain exhibits a certain degree of roundness in the small end after ESR.SEM analysis shows that there exist 5types of inclusions in the ingot and absence of new inclusion after ESR.By analyzing the amount and size of inclusions in the ingot before remelting,it is found that the main mechanism for inclusion segregation in the bottom of the ingot is the capturing of large inclusions by showering crystallites during floatation.Area ratio of inclusions in the ingot is decreased by 48.3% with more uniform distribution of inclusion,where plasticity is improved bu 89times,and toughness is increased by 56times after ESR.