摘要:GH4169nickel-based superalloy sample was prepared by TIG welding rapid forming.The microstructure and mechanical properties of the sample prepared were investigated.Microstructure analysis reveals that coarse columnar crystals are continuously grown from the substrate.The transition between the layers is not obvious,and absence of macro metallurgical defects can be observed.There exists only a few dispersed pores in the sample.Recrystallization occurs during heat treatment,and size distribution of the recrystallized grains are varied at different regions,where grain size at the bottom of the sample exhibits the smallest and uniform,while the dendrite size closer to the top of the sample becomes coarse.The hardness of the sample along the deposition direction shows a decreasing trend from the bottom to the top before and after heat treatment.Tensile tests indicate that the mechanical properties of heat treated samples at different regions are improved.The maximum tensile strength can reach up to 1 250 MPa,which is closer to the forged part standard,however,partial differences in ultimate tensile strength still exist.
摘要:Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and stress rupture properties of investment casting K4169 alloy components after hot isostatically pressed(HIP)treatment have been investigated.It is found that amounts ofδ-Ni3 Nb phase with needle-like morphology can be precipitated both at the grain boundaries and in the inter-dendritic region around the carbides for the HIPed specimens with post solution and aging treatment(HIP+STA).However,absence of Laves phase and needle-likeδ-Ni3 Nb phase precipitated in the inter-dendritic region can be observed for the HIPed specimens with direct aging treatment(HIP+DA),and the submicronγ″phase precipitated during HIP processing is also preserved in theγ matrix.It clarifies that the hot isostatic pressing with direct aging(HIP + DA)treatment process can improve effectively creep rupture properties both in duration time and elongation.It is suggested that the network submicronγ″particles similar to lens is beneficial for creating a large number of annealing twins,which are contributed to its increase in the stress-rupture properties.
摘要:Based on the finite element method and theory of structural mechanics,static and dynamic stress of the Ti/TiC laminated composites were investigated by ANSYS software,and the finite element model was established.The results show that the mechanical properties of Ti/TiC laminated composites are improved significantly compared with those of Ti.When the thickness-layer ratio is 2∶1,the simulated bending strength of laminated composite reaches 1 684.26 MPa,which is closed to the experimental value 1 571.51 MPa.Under impact loading,the six order modal values of Ti/TiC laminated composites are the higher,so it is difficult to generate the resonance,and more energy can be converted into potential energy with less absorption.
关键词:Laminated Composites;Finite Element Method;Static Stress Analysis
摘要:Intermetallic Ti-47Al(in atomic fraction)and Ti-47Al-1W-0.5Si(in atomic fraction)alloys were produced by ISM method.Macro-and microstructure evolution was investigated by optical microscopy(OM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The macrostructure of ingot is composed of two different direction columnar grains due to the chilling of side wall and bottom in steel mould.The growth direction of the columnar grains is the preferred direction<0001>.The all lamellar orientation in columnar grains is perpendicular to the growth direction for the determined relationship of the solidstate phase transformation.A small amount of Si element added in the alloy can generate eutectic Ti5Si3 particle phase,and a little of B2 phase can be observed in Ti-47Al-1W-0.5Si alloy because of the addition of W as solid strengthening effects and the faster cooling rate.The addition of W and Si can refine the lamellar structure and improve mechanical properties of the Ti-47 Al alloy.The alloys have the high yield stress when the compression stress is parallel to the lamellar interface,and alloy crack is propagated alongα2/γlamellar interface,while alloys have the higher compression stress and strain when the stress is perpendicular to the lamellar interface,and fracture mode is characterized by crack crossingα2/γlamellar interface.
摘要:Erosion wear behavior of high chromium cast iron with different Cr content(Cr12,Cr15,Cr23 and Cr28)was observed in liquid-solid two-phase flow(H2SO4+quartz sand).Surface morphologies and the phase constituent of corrosion products were analyzed by means of optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Erosion wear behavior was investigated by the analysis of weight loss per unit area.The results reveal that the matrix is firstly susceptible to corrosion,and corrosion products have an important influence on erosion wear behavior.When Cr content is lower than 15%,corrosion products have the absence of oxidation film or presence of Fe2O3 film,so weight loss per unit area is increased as a result of the interaction of corrosion and erosive wear.With more than 23% high chromium cast iron,the corrosion products are mainly composed of Fe2O3 and Cr2O3.With thickness of Cr2O3 film increased to a certain degree,the erosion wear behavior is delayed,so weight loss per unit area is increased firstly and then decreased.
摘要:In order to reduce the thinning,wrinkle and fracture of the double stepped cylindrical cup in the vacant areas which was shaped by one-step hydro-mechanical deep drawing,two-step hydro-mechanical deep drawing was introduced.The finite element model of hydromechanical deep drawing was established by the Dynaform software.The effects of process parameters such as forming pressure and mould parameters were analyzed by the finite element method in detail,and the optimized process parameters were presented.The results indicate that the proposed technological method is feasible for the integral forming of the double stepped cylindrical cup.Moreover,parts with uniform thickness distribution and high quality can be formed successfully by using the optimized parameters,and the final minimum wall thickness can be reached up to 0.851 mm.
摘要:The corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanism of 5Cr5MoSiV1 steel after different heat treatment processes in neutral and acidic environment were investigated by polarization curve,electrochemical impendance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The results reveal that the type of surface damage of 5Cr5MoSiV1 steel is characterized by pitting corrosion and intergranular corrosion in3.5% NaCl solution and in 0.05mol/L H2SO4 solution.After the electrochemical test,the sample treated at 1 050 ℃ quenching and air cooling has the desirable corrosion resistance,which is attributed to more Cr atom dissolving in the Fe matrix,thus increasing the compactness of the protection surface film and improving its corrosion resistance.
摘要:The measurement of hydrogen content in aluminum and aluminum alloy melt is an important process to reflect the degassing effect and to ensure the quality of the melt,and it is significant to improve the casting’s quality.The instruments and features of several popular measurement techniques,such as Telegas method,electrochemical method,pressure evaluation method based on Sievert’s law were analyzed,evaluated and compared.It is indicated that those measurement techniques improving high testing speed and decreasing instrument and testing cost will be the future direction of development.
关键词:Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy;Hydrogen Content;Quantitative Measurement
摘要:Different physical effects of electric field on the solidification structure in metallic alloys were reviewed,focusing on the influence and mechanism of metallic melts,solid-liquid interface and directional solidification treated by the pulsed alternating current.Finally,problems in the current research on pulsed alternating current treatment on solidification were analyzed,and prospects for the future research were described.
摘要:According to requirements of completely solving blowhole easily generated in cylinder head castings produced by vertical casting process,its formation mechanism was explored by the MAGMA software.Based on the simulated result,the gating system of vertical casting process cylinder head castings was optimized,and a new guiding principle of gating system design was presented for the casting process.
关键词:Cylinder Head;Blowhole;Temperature;MAGMA Software;Mechanism;Gating System
摘要:Semi-solid A356 alloy melt was prepared and formed by squeezing casting in Archimedes spiral experiment die,and then filling ability of A356 aluminum alloy was analyzed by measuring the length of the sample spiral line.By controlling the process parameters to obtain different solid fraction and shape factor,influences of the solid fraction and shape factor on the rheological filling ability of A356 alloy melt was investigated.The results reveal that,under the same process parameters,influences of the solid fraction on the rheological filling capacity of semi-solid alloy melt is the greater than that of the shape factor.And the rheological filling ability is decreased significantly with increasing in the solid fraction,and increased with the decrease of shape factor.
摘要:The semi-solid squeeze casting process for 7075 aluminum alloy was simulated by the DEFORM-3Dsoftware to understand influence of plunger preheating temperature on the forming process of cup part.According to the simulated results,the squeeze casting forming of the part was carried out to analyze influence of plunger preheating temperature on the uniformity of microstructure by means of press machine and cup mould.The results show that the filling stability is improved with increasing in plunger pre-heating temperature.At 628 ℃for 50 MPa and 3.5mm/s,the segregation degree of liquid phase of cup part is decreased,and microstructure uniformity is improved increasingly with the increase of plunger preheating temperature.The minimal segregation degree is 14.02% with plunger preheating temperature at 400 ℃.
关键词:Semi-solid;Rheological Squeeze Casting;7075Alloy;Uniformity of Microstructure;Liquid Phase Segregation Degree
摘要:To resolve the die-casting forming performance of thin-walled magnesium alloy laptop case,some parameters,such as pouring temperature,mold temperature and injection speed,on the mechanical properties of the AZ91 Dslim laptop case were investigated by orthogonal experimental method.Experimental results show that with the pouring temperature of 700℃,mold temperature of 210℃,injection speed of 5m/s,the die castings exhibit the satisfied mechanical properties.Tensile specimen fracture was observed by SEM.The results show that the number of shrinkage holes(porosities)in the laptop case is decreased with increasing in pouring temperature.With pouring at 700 ℃,the tensile strength and yield strength of the die casting reach 242.6 MPa and 220.6 MPa,respectively.
摘要:Based on the analysis of aluminum die-casting bended tube joint structure,die casting processing parameters were optimized by orthogonal test and numerical simulation.According to numerical simulation analysis of the casting process,the temperature field,filling flow condition,shrinkage position and shrinkage porosity can be presented.By orthogonal testing,the optimized process parameters are presented as follows:injection speed of 1.8m/s,mold preheating temperature of 200 ℃,pouring temperature of 660 ℃.
摘要:To solve the problem of casting quality,the ProCAST software was adopted to analyze the temperature field distribution during filling and solidification process.Based on the simulated results,the methods of setting up cooling pipes on the mold was put forward.The results show that the method can increase the cooling speed of wheel to obtain the satisfied casting quality and improve production efficiency.
关键词:Low Pressure Die Casting;Temperature Field;Numerical Simulation;Water Cooling
摘要:Casting internal defects such as shrinkage porosity,entrapped gas are mainly decided by the part structure and forming process.The solidification temperature field and hot spot distribution in connector were analyzed by the MAGMASOFT.Through reducing the wall thickness and adding the ribs,above mentioned defects in the optimized casting structure can be eliminated.Aluminum alloy was adopted to conduct die casting instead of cast iron to sand casting by optimizing connector structure.Based on calculating pouring,cooling and exhausting system of die casting process,rational die casting scheme was designed.The results reveal that the casting’s internal and external quality as well as tightness test meet the technology requirement.
摘要:A new Al-6.4Cu-0.4Mn medium strength aluminum alloy was investigated by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),tensile testing and electric conductivity testing.The loading wheel hub of the alloy prepared was produced by squeezing casting and conventional casting process to analyze comparatively microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy at different casting process.The results reveal that the solidification state of the new alloy is composed of solid phase zone,solid-liquid phase zone,liquid-solid zone and liquid zone.Microstructure of the squeezing casting new alloy consists of as-cast and deformation structure with serious inverse segregation and high level isometric crystal.Tensile test indicates that strength and elongation of the squeezing casting Al-6.4Cu-0.4Mn aluminum alloy are increased obviously after solution and aging treatment process compared with those of conventional casting process,reaching 468 MPa and16.2%,respectively.
摘要:Aiming at the water-channel structure of pump body with double working cavity,it is difficult to design investment casting mould and investment process.Through analysis,investment casting process was designed for producing pump body with double working cavity,and the qualified pump body was produced successfully.
关键词:Pump Body with Dual Compression Cavity;Investment Casting;Wax Pattern Making
摘要:Aiming at difficulty in forming impeller with complex cavity in investment casting,process and mould design of investment casting impeller were carried out.Based on the UG software,mould design of divided-body combination of wax pattern was presented,which could make rapidly wax pattern during product process and reduce wax-making time effectively.
摘要:According to the forming theory of investment castings with complex thin-walled structure,ZTA15 hollow flange structure and casting difficulties were analyzed.The design of casting process,numerical simulation and process optimization were carried out.The results show that the simulated results can predict the location and type of defects,and shrinkage porosities(gas holes)in the upper and lower flange casting can be reduced significantly through the optimization of casting process.High-quality titanium alloy castings were obtained by improving the quality.
摘要:The creation procedure of lost foam casting iron artwork sloth lying iron bull was described,and practical production of three artworks was carried out.The results reveal that the lost foam casting artwork has the features of simple feasibility,especially for manufacturing large and rough profile iron artwork,and the merits and dismerits were pointed out.
摘要:Mechanical properties,interface,fracture morphology and composition analysis of the Ti-Al composite plate prepared by cast-rolling method were investigated by universal testing machine,MH-3micro hardness meter,optical microscope,SEM and EDS and XRD.The results indicate that the tensile strength of Ti-Al composite plate prepared by cast-rolling method reaches 172.3MPa,which is the greater than the theoretical value of 135.6 MPa.Micro hardness of the interface layer is between the two metals,and mico-hardness in partial zone reaches 450 HV due to generating TiAl3 phase.The interface layer exhibits flat-straight structure,which is formed mainly metallurgical bonding layer by diffusion,and there exists a small amount of intermetallic compound TiAl3 generated in partial zone.There is a phenomenon of warping and separation when the composite plate is stretched,and the fracture of the two metals is characterized by ductile fracture.
摘要:A solder joint of 304L/Cu-Sn/Cu was brazed in furnace,and microstructure and mechanical properties of the brazed joint were analyzed and evaluated by OM,SEM,micro-hardness tester,tensile tester and fatigue tester.The results show that tightness of the joint exhibits desirable,and continuous strip structure can be observed at the junction of stainless steel and solder,which is composed of ferritic phase steel.The net-like intermetallic compound Cu31Sn8 attached ferritic stainless steel is grown to inside,and some bulk of intermetallic compound presents in the junction of ferritic stainless steel and Cu31Sn8,which may be Fe(Cr)P compound.Hardness of copper near the joint is decreased significantly,while the hardness change of 304 Lcan be ignored after brazed.Copper is cracked at place away from solder joint during tensile testing,where tensile strength of the joint reaches 240 MPa.After experienced about 50 million times cyclic load with 37 MPa stress amplitude,there is no crack in the specimen,which reveals that the brazed joint has excellent mechanical properties.
摘要:The CrxCuFe2Mo0.5Nb0.5Ni2(x=0,0.5,1.0,2.0)high entropy alloys were prepared by arc melting process.The corrosion resistance of these alloys and S304 stainless steel was analyzed by means of immersion and electrochemical polarization tests in 1 mol/L H2SO4 solution.The results show that the immersion corrosion rate of alloys with x=1.0and x=2.0is about 0.07mm/y and far below that of alloy with x=0and x=0.5and S304 alloys,which show that the alloys with x=1.0and x=2.0have a relatively descrable acid-resistance.The corrosion type of alloys with x=0and x=0.5exhibit mainly intergranular corrosion,while the corrosion surfaces of alloys with x=1.0and x=2.0are slight and the corrosion types are primarily uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion.The Cu,Nb,Mo elements in the alloys with x=0and x=0.5has a serious segregation,while the alloying elements are distributed homogeneously in the alloys with x=1.0and x=2.0.Therefore,the alloys with x=1.0and x=2.0have a better corrosion resistance than that of other alloys because of the slightly galvanic cell corrosion.Electrochemical polarization tests show that the alloy with x=2.0has the desirable acid-resistance among these alloys.The average corrosion rate of alloy with x=2.0is about 0.02mm/y,which is only about4% of the average corrosion of S304 stainless steel.
摘要:The effects of ultrasonic power on microstructure and mechanical properties of the Mg93Zn6Y alloy were investigated.The results show that the primaryα-Mg and icosahedral phase(I-phase)in the Mg93Zn6Y alloy can be refined by ultrasonic treatment.With increasing in ultrasonic power,the primaryα-Mg and I-phase are further refined.The morphology of primaryα-Mg is modified from developed dendrite to fine rosette structure.Moreover,the morphology of I-phase is transformed from continuous bulk skeletal structure to almost discontinuous net shape and particle.The tensile strength and elongation of Mg93Zn6Y alloy treated by ultrasonic treatment at 600 Wreach 215MPa and 3.1%,which are increased by 51%and 182%,respectively,compared with those of the alloy without ultrasonic treatment.
摘要:Optimization of modification process for hypereutectic Al-20 Si alloy with Er was analyzed.And the orthogonal experiment with 3factors and 4levels which included modification temperature,modification time and Er content was designed to optimize modification parameters.Then,effects of single factor(content,temperature and time)on microstructure and compressive strength of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy were analyzed.The results show that with the increase of Er content,modification temperature and time,the size of primary silicon in alloy is decreased to the stable,and the eutectic silicon shape is converted from needle to short rod and then to needle too,meanwhile,the compression strength is increased to the peak value and then decreased.With modification treatment at 730 ℃ for 25 min and0.8% rare earth Er addition,the primary silicon size is approximately 50μm,and the eutectic silicon exhibits short rod,meanwhile,the compressive strength reaches 492.6 MPa.
摘要:The influences of impurity contents,Si and Fe,in the raw materials of electrolytic aluminum production such as aluminum oxide,aluminum fluoride,anode covering material and carbon anode on the liquid aluminum quality were investigated.By tracking the migration,transformation and accumulation of impurity elements,the contribution values of the four raw materials for the Si and Fe contents in liquid aluminum were calculated.The results reveal that these four kinds of raw materials can cause the increase of Si and Fe in liquid aluminum,and the maximum values reach 55.67% and 62.15%,respectively.The largest source of impurity elements comes from the alumina with fluoride,followed by anode covered material,carbon anode and aluminium fluoride.To improve the quality of liquid aluminum,several control strategies were presented,such as controlling the quality of raw materials,purifying the anode covered material,enhancing the quality of carbon anode,optimizing the processing parameters of electrolytic production.
关键词:Electrolytic Aluminum;Contents of Si and Fe;Quality of Raw Material;Control Strategies
摘要:The effects of Zr,ultrasonic and compound treatment of Zr and ultrasonic on solidification structure of Mg97Y2Cu1 alloy with long-period ordered structure were investigated comparatively.Meanwhile,the influences of different ultrasonic power,treating time and vibration temperature on solidifification structure of Mg97Y2Cu1 alloy with compound treatment of Zr and ultrasonic were investigated.The results show that Zr or ultrasonic can refine solidification structure of Mg97Y2Cu1 alloy significantly.Furthermore,effect of compound treatment on refinement of solidified structure exhibits desirable.Under the condition of compound treatment,when the ultrasonic power is at 0900 Wor treating time is at 0120s,with the increase of power or treating time,grain of the alloy is refined gradually.When the vibration temperature of ultrasonic is at 660730 ℃,with the decrease of vibration temperature,grain of the alloy is refined gradually.
摘要:The influences of homogenization treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of AlZn-Mg-Cu alloy refined by nano TiN/Ti were investigated by SEM,EDS,XRD and hardness test.The results show that the nano TiN/Ti can refine the grains of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy significantly.Hardness of as-cast Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with TiN is improved from 123(HV)to 142.3(HV).After one-step homogenization(470℃×24h),the secondary phases in the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy dissolved more sufficiently,almost only MgZn2 phases left.After two-step homogenization(400 ℃×10h + 470 ℃×24h),MgZn phases are precipitated in the cooling process after homogenizing treatment and distributed uniformly in the grain.
摘要:Hot compression deformation test of Mg-13Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloy was conducted using a Gleeble-3500 stimulator.Based on the analysis of the microstructure and the linear fitting for curves of stress-strain,the corresponding thermal deformation constitutive relationship was established to analyze microstructure evolution.The results show that the deformation microstructure stays the as-cast homogenized microstructure morphology.With the increase of deformation temperature,time of reaching peak stress is decreased,so the difference between flow stress value and peak stress value is narrowed,and the steady state stress value is also decreased.The deformation constitutive relationship is:ε·=5.314 5×1016[sinh(0.009 717σ)]5.401 38exp(-253.927/RT).