摘要:The influence of printing parameters on the residual stress of AlSi10Mg alloy parts formed by SLM process was explored via the finite element simulation and experimental testing.The results show that there exist three peak temperatures during printing,and with the increase of substrate temperature,laser power,scanning speed and scanning interval,the residual stress of the workpiece is decreased firstly and then increased.With the laser power of 450 W,the scanning speed of 1 100 mm/s,the scanning interval of 70μm,and the substrate temperature of 200℃,the printed parts have the minimum residual stress.Based on the optimized parameters,the tensile strength,yield strength and elongation of the printed parts reach 480 MPa,310 MPa,and 6%,respectively.The microstructure of printing specimen is composed of coarse grained zone,fine grained zone,and heat affected zone,in which the Si phase is distributed in a network structure.
摘要:The effects of La and Er on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast Al-13Si-5Cu-2Ni-1Mg alloy were investigated by OM,SEM,EOS and tensile testing.The results reveal that La has a stronger modification effect on eutectic silicon,forming bulk and long needle-like La-rich phases in the alloy,and Er can reduce significantly the secondary dendrite spacing,and massive,short rod-like Er-rich phases can be generated in the alloy.With 0.2% La and 0.2% Er compound addition,the secondary dendrite spacing,primary silicon,eutectic silicon and intermetallic compound can be refined at the same time.The interaction of La and Er can inhibit the growth of RE-rich phase,and the RE-rich phase with a small size and a dispersed distribution can be introduced into the alloy,so the tensile performance presents desirable,where the tensile strength of the alloy can reach 274 MPa and 91 MPa at 25℃ and 350℃,respectively.
摘要:The high temperature creep behavior of Mg-6Al-1Nd-1.5Gd alloy under 150,175,200 ℃ and 50,70,90 MPa conditions was investigated by using a high temperature creep device,and the alloy was analyzed for high temperature creep mechanism in the process.The results show that the average stress index and creep activation energy of Mg-6Al-1Nd-1.5Gd alloy reach 4.64 and 73.87 kJ/mol,respectively.The main creep mechanism is characterized by the dislocation creep and grain boundary diffusion.The creep constitutive equation is ε=1.877×10-8σ4.641 exp[-73 865/(RT)].During the high temperature creep of the alloy,the dislocation density in the alloy’s microstructure is increased gradually,and dislocation entanglement and dislocation accumulation appear.In addition,the grains of the alloy are coarsened after creep,and the intermetallic compounds Al3Nd and Al3Gd are segregated at the grain boundaries.
关键词:Mg-6Al-1Nd-1.5Gd Alloy;Nd and Gd;Compression Creep;Creep Mechanism
摘要:Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the macroscopic morphology and microstructure of the bright spot defects on the surface of surgical implants of acetabular cup and intramedullary nail processed by TC4 titanium alloys.The components of the bright spot defects in the two implants were analyzed by energy spectrum analysis.The results show that the bright spot areas of the acetabular cup presents pit-shaped with obvious directionality,and the composition of the bright spots are basically the same with the matrix,and the microstructrue are all equiaxedα+βphases,so the defects are caused by mechanical scratching.The microstructure of intramedullary nails 1#~3# point-like area belongs to a fine columnar structure,while the microstructrue of 4# point-like is a singleαphase.The defects in intramedullary nails 1#~3# point-like area is the adhesion of molten titanium scraps to the surface of the substrate and 4# area may be"tissueαlayer".
摘要:The effects of different solid solution time and temperature on the structure and mechanical properties of the Al-12Si-6Cu-1.5Ni-0.3Cr-0.8Ce-0.2La cast heat-resistant aluminium alloy were investigated by OM,SEM observation and tensile test.It is found that with the increase of secondary solution temperature and time,the primary silicon phase is passivated,and eutectic silicon and reticular phase are fused into granular or massive,and the tensile properties of Al-12Si-6Cu-1.5Ni-0.3Cr-0.8Ce-0.2La alloy are increased firstly and then decreased at room temperature and high temperature,reaching the optimum level with the secondary solid solution at 530 ℃for 2 h.With artificial aging at 200 ℃ for 6 h,and the tensile tests at room temperature and high temperature(300℃),the tensile strength of Al-12Si-6Cu-1.5Ni-0.3Cr-0.8Ce-0.2La alloy reaches 342.0 MPa at room temperature and 159.9 MPa at high temperature(300℃)after 490℃×2 h+530℃×2 hand 200℃×6 hheat treatment.
摘要:The quantity,size and dispersion of inclusions in steel have great influence on the quality of steel product.It is key to smelting high-quality clean steel and improving product quality by controlling nonmetallic inclusion in steel.Based on the behavior of inclusions in steel,the mechanism and application characteristics of various inclusion removal technologies were reviewed.Among them,bubble method and filter method were used to adsorb,capture and promote inclusions in molten steel into slag phase through bubbles and filters.Electromagnetic purification method can increase the probability of inclusions collision and coagulation by means of centrifugal force of electromagnetic field,and its application is limited by electric power resources due to complex equipment.By the inclusion modification technology which is to transform high melting point inclusions into low melting point inclusions,the inclusion floating can be promoted.The inclusion modification is easy to operate,however it also lead to secondary pollution of molten steel.Oxide metallurgy technology is pointed out that the inclusions are refined to pin and restrain the growth of austenite grains at high temperature by changing the size,shape and distribution of inclusions,and to avoid the formation of coarse grains as well as refining the structure and improving the strength and toughness of steel.The technology of this method provides a new idea for inclusion control with potential application prospects.
摘要:Taking tin bronze QSn7-0.2 as samples,the orthogonal experiment was designed by choosing the thinning rate,the pass ratio,the one-time feed ratio and the second-pass feed ratio,which mainly affected the two-pass spinning process.And the evaluation index was described by internal and external axis straightness error.The optimal combination of parameters and the order of influence on evaluation index of the sliding bearing were obtained by using Taguchi algorithm and analyzing the signal-to-noise ratio of the two-pass spinning process simulation values obtained by the Simufact to optimize the process parameters.The parameters combination after optimization and those before optimization were compared and tested.The results show that the error of internal and external axis straightness can be reduced effectively by using Taguchi algorithm,so that the sliding bearing after two-pass spinning can have the better mechanical properties.
关键词:Sliding Bearing;Two-pass Spinning;Taguchi Algorithm;Signal-to-Noise Ratio;Internal and External Axis Straightness
摘要:In order to control the effective stress during the solidification process and avoid the occurrence of thermal cracking,the ProCAST software was used to simulate the temperature field and effective stress of the low pressure casting process of ZL205 Atraction component.Four factors,such as pouring temperature,mold preheat temperature,heat transfer coefficient and mold wall thickness were selected as design parameters.Combined with the results of effective stress prediction,a 4-7-1-1 artificial neural network and genetic algorithm were constructed to optimize the casting process.The results show that the average relative error of neural network prediction reaches 2.9%,presenting strong prediction accuracy.Through genetic optimization,the optimal process parameters are presented as follows:pouring temperature of 688℃,mold preheating temperature of 291℃,mold wall thickness of 150 mm,and the heat transfer coefficient of 1 284 W/(m2·K).It provides reference and guidance for the low pressure casting process of traction structural parts.
摘要:Based on the dispersion phase particle motion model,considering the dynamic polymerization and particle growth of the slag particles during the flow movement,aparticles aggregation growth model(PAGM)was constructed.For the aluminum alloy propeller castings,the PAGM model was used to simulate the movement trajectory,polymerization growth behavior and final distribution position of the casting during filling and solidification process,and the experimental verification was carried out.On the basis of analysis,the influence of casting system on the slag distribution and slag inclusion rate of castings was analyzed.The results show that the design of the gating system has a great influence on the behavior and distribution of slag inclusion.PAGM can improve effectively the accuracy of casting slag distribution prediction,and provide reference for casting optimization design and failure analysis.
摘要:The application of 3DP process in the manufacture and production of medium and large stamping die casting steel parts was nalyzed.The tensile strength,gas permeability,gas generation and other properties of the sand mold were measured,and sand mold was designed based on 3DP process.The results show that the tensile strength of the sand mold by 3DP technology can reach 1.70 MPa,and the gas permeability is more than 400 with the maximum gas generation of 14.6 mL/g,which can meet the requirements of alloy steel casting.The 3DP process forming sand mold(core)has the advantages of mold free,sand type and sand core integration process,as well as improving the precision of the casting.Through the 3DP sand design,the problem of the sharpness of the printed sand word was solved by a special process.
摘要:During the process of die casting from the cooling of aluminum alloy in die to the ejection of casting,the tightening force presents dynamic change.It is play emphasis on analyzing different coefficient of thermal expansion with the change of temperature of the die material and alloy material as well as selecting different contraction rate of designing die for different die casting alloy materials.The breakdown of ejected casting caused by temperature change in the production of die casting can be solved by adjusting temperature.
关键词:Contraction Rate;Thermal Expansion Coefficient;Temperature;Breakdown of Ejection
摘要:It is difficult to manufacture wall thickness of 3 mm and complex shape aluminum alloy.castings 3DP sand mould combined with low-pressure casting was adopted to produce the aluminum alloy housing with two design schemes.The results reveal that it is beneficial for forming thin-walled aluminum alloy housing through selecting rational pouring position and designing proper gating system.Meanwhile,the optimized process was determined based on the CAE analysis.
摘要:Element Ca and C with a mass fraction of 0.02% and 0.002%,respectively,were added into K403 nickel-base superalloy during vacuum melting in order to deoxidize the alloy at 1 600℃ for 5 min before casting.The results reveal that a number of cracks can be observed on the casting surface without deoxidization treatment for the Ni based superalloy,which directly leaded to the scrapping of investment castings.It is found that the formation of cracks is suppressed efficiently after deoxidization and the number of impurities are obviously decreased.The microstructure of the castings with and without deoxidization treatment was observed through optical microscope and electronic probe.Vast oxide impurities were observed in the investment castings without deoxidization,of which the majority were distributed around the cracks.The impurities are decreased obviously in the investment castings with deoxidization,which may be the main factor for the suppression of cracks.
摘要:For the titanium alloy vertical centrifugal casting process,combined with particle tracking velocimetry(PTV),the filling speed of similar fluids to titanium alloys was quantitatively characterized.Firstly,based on the principle of physical simulation similarity,an experimental mold was designed and a similar fluid at room temperature was configured.Secondly,physical simulation experiments with different mold rotation speed and pouring speed were carried out,and the PTV method was used to obtain the transient speed of particles moving with the fluid.Finally,the characteristics of fluid motion was analyzed that the tracer particles would move along the cavity wall surface opposite to the rotation speed,and through properly increasing the centrifugal speed and reducing the pouring speed under low speed conditions,their were conducive to the smooth filling of the fluid.
摘要:ZL301 alloy was selected as the base matrix.The M40 Jcarbon fiber preform was woven by 2.5D shallow cross-linking,three-dimensional orthogonal and three-dimensional five-direction.The vacuum pressure infiltration method was used to prepare 3D-Cf/Al composite with a fiber volume fraction of 50%.The effects of fabric structure on the microstructure and compressive strength of Cf/Al composites were investigated.The results show that the fabric structure has a great influence on the density and microstructure of Cf/Al composites.The Cf/Al composites with three-dimensional orthogonal structure has the highest density and compressive strength,which are 99.2% and 417 MPa,respectively.The Cf/Al composites with 2.5D shallow cross-linking structure have the lowest density and compressive strength of 95.3% and 99.8 MPa,respectively.
摘要:TiC/AZ91D magnesium matrix composites were prepared at different temperatures(740℃,760℃ and 780℃)for 40 min by in-situ synthesis reaction method.The microstructure and phase of TiC/AZ91D magnesium matrix composites were observed and analyzed by means of optical microscope and X-ray diffractometer.The erosion corrosion wear test of the prepared composites was performed in 3.5% NaCl solution and quartz sand.The composites are mainly composed ofα-Mg,β-Mg17Al12 and Al3Ti at 740℃ for 40 min.In situ synthetic TiC particles appear in AZ91D magnesium with holding at 760 ℃ and 780 ℃,respectively.Furthermore,the number of TiC particles is increased with increasing in temperature.Meanwhile,the erosion corrosion wear properties of TiC/AZ91D magnesium matrix composites in 3.5% NaCl solution and quartz sand is improved with the increase of holding temperature.At 780℃,the composites present the desirable erosion corrosion wear behavior which is increased by 60.5%compared with that of AZ91D magnesium.
摘要:Al2Ti3V2ZrB/2024Al composites were prepared by powder metallurgy.The effects of ball milling process and sintering temperature on the microstructure and hardness of the composites were investigated.The results reveal that ball milling process has a significant effect on the microstructure of Al2Ti3V2ZrB/2024Al composites.With increasing in milling speed or milling time,the agglomeration of Al2Ti3V2ZrB particles can be observed,which can affect the microstructure uniformity of the composites.Under the optimized balling condition of ball milling speed of 150 r/min for 5 h,the composites with the highest hardness present the desirable uniform distribution of Al2Ti3V2ZrB particles in 2024Al matrix.The sintering temperature can control the distribution of Al2Ti3V2ZrB and hardness of Al2Ti3V2ZrB/2024Al composites also.When the sintering temperature is lower than 510℃,the uniform distribution of Al2Ti3V2ZrB particles in 2024Al matrix can be realized,and the density and hardness of the composites are increased gradually with the sintering temperature increase.With the sinteriung temperature more than 510℃,the Al2Ti3V2ZrB particles tends to be aggregated,leading to the decrease of density and hardness of the composites.The Al2Ti3V2ZrB/2024Al composites prepared at 510℃have the highest hardness.
摘要:Resistance element welding(REW)with a concealed rivet cover was used to join steel and aluminum alloy.The intermetallic compound(IMC)of FeAl3 is formed at the Q235/Al interface.The IMCs of Fe2Al5 and FeAl3 are formed at the DP780/Al interface.The welding current has significant influence on the nugget size,peak load,average hardness of aluminum heat affected zone(HAZ)as well as the bearing area of the aluminum plate.Three major failure modes were identified:interfacial failure model,nugget pullout failure model and aluminum HAZ fracture model.At the welding current of 18kA,the desirable mechanical properties of the joint can be obtained at 5 712N with nugget pullout failure model.
关键词:Dissimilar Metals;Resistance Element Welding;Microstructure;Tensile-Shear Performance
摘要:Effects of untreated,Zr modification,treatment of pulsed magnetic field and compound treatment of pulsed magnetic field and Zr were investiagted on the solidified structure and compression properties of Mg-5Y-2.5 Zn-1.2Ca alloy enhanced by long period structure.Effects of pulse voltage and frequency on the alloy under compound treatment condition were also analyzed.The results show that after Zr modification,treatment of pulse magnetic field and compound treatment,solidification structure and compression properties of the alloy are improved,and the compound treatment presents the desirable effect.The compressive strength and compression ratio of the alloy with compound treatment are increased by 43.9% and 15.4%,respectively.In the range of 0~300 V,as the pulse voltage increases,grain size of the alloy is decreased gradually.In the range of 1~10 Hz,as the pulse frequency increases,grain size of the alloy is decreased at first and then increased,and the turning point is 5Hz.The smaller the grain size is,the more uniform the second phase distribution is.The compressive properties of the alloy are corresponded to its grain size.
关键词:Zr;Pulsed Magnetic Field;Mg-Y-Zn-Ca Alloy;Solidified Structure;Compressive Properties
摘要:The ultrasonic and electromagnetic stirring process of aluminum alloy melt was analyzed.The mathematical models of integrated with ultrasonic field,electromagnetic field,flow field and temperature field were established.The numerical simulation was carried out by using COMSOL Multiphysics software.The distribution of ultrasonic field,electromagnetic field and ultrasonic/electromagnetic composite field in the flow field and temperature field of aluminum alloy melt was visualized.Finally,the simulated results were verified by experiments.The simulated results show that with the increase of ultrasonic power,the amplitude of sound pressure and the flow velocity of the flow field are increased.At the same time,the temperature gradient of the melt will be reduced.The electromagnetic stirring generated after the application of the electromagnetic field can change the flow direction of the melt and increase significantly the flow rate of the melt,which has a great influence on the temperature distribution of the melt.In the ultrasonic/electromagnetic compound field,the electromagnetic field has a dominant influence on the melt flow field and temperature field compared to the ultrasonic field.The simulated results are consistent with the experimental ones.
摘要:The chemical composition,micro-structure and internal quality of Ti-2Al-1.5Mn slab ingot were described for melting by single plasma arc cold hearth(PAMCHM).The results show that the slab titanium ingot of 330 mm×750 mm×(1 000~2 500)mm is produced by single PAM melting sucessfully.The ingot has a desirable chemical composition and uniform distribution with fine and uniform structure.The macro-structure distribution map of the slab ingot was also obtained.After processing deformation,the physical properties of the plates and sheets can better meet the requirements of technical specification.
摘要:Effects of Ar dehydrogenation on mechanical properties of AZ91 alloy at high temperature were investigated.The results indicate that the hydrogen content can be reduced from 14.8 cm3/100 g to 7.3 cm3/100 g and the degassing efficiency reaches to 50.7%.The effects of degassing on tensile and yield strength of the alloy are decreased with the increase in temperature in AZ91 alloy at 20,100,175,250,325 and 400 ℃,respectively,while that on elongation is opposite to that on strength.The strength of AZ91 alloy after degassing is improved obviously when the temperature is lower than 250 ℃ with little difference on elongation.Degassing has little effect on strength of alloy at the temperature from 250℃to 325℃.However,the elongation of alloy is improved obviously and the strain hardening exponents are basically the same(0.04 and 0.03,respectively).
关键词:AZ91 Alloy;Degassing;High Temperature Mechanical Properties;Strain Hardening Exponent
摘要:The effects of solution aging temperature on the tensile strength,elongation,morphology and phase composition of Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Si alloy were analyzed.The results show that there are more hexagonalα′and obliqueα″martensite phases in Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Si alloy after solution treatment.After aging treatment,the martensite phase is decomposed and recrystallized to form dispersedα+βphase.Comprehensive analysis shows that the comprehensive properties of the alloy present desirable with solution 950℃ for 30 min and water quenching and aging at 480℃ for 4 hand air quenching,where the tensile strength and elongation reach 745.6 MPa and 8.3%,respectively,which are 24.8% and 36.0% higher than those of as-cast ones.
关键词:Titanium Alloy;Tensile Strength;Elongation;Solution Aging;Dislocation Density
摘要:The A356 aluminum alloy was treated by melt mixing treatment,and the stability of the melt mixing treatment was analyzed by remelting heating.The microstructure of the A356 alloy was observed with an optical microscope,and the average diameter of the primaryα-Al phase was determined by Image Pro metallographic analysis software.The results show that the melt mixing treatment can refine the primaryα-Al phase in A356 alloy,and it has a better primary remelting stability at 650℃.
摘要:The thermodynamic factors affecting the hydrogen absorption of Al-Si-Mg alloy melt were analyzed by establishing the thermodynamic model.The results show that through reducing air humidity,melting temperature and pressure,it is helpful to reducing hydrogen absorption rate of aluminum melt.The content of silicon and magnesium is linearly proportional to the content of[H]*at the air/melt interface.Through increasing the content of silicon and reducing the content of magnesium,it is conductive to reducing the content of[H]*at the air/melt interface,thereby reducing the hydrogen absorption rate of liquid aluminum.
摘要:The titanium honeycomb structures were prepared by TC4 titanium alloy foil with thickness of 0.1 mm and TA1 industrial pure titanium foil with thickness of 0.05,0.10 and 0.15 mm.The flat pressure tests of titanium honeycomb structures were carried out.The effects of foil thickness and side length of honeycomb hole on the bearing capacity of titanium honeycomb structures were analyzed by combining with the failure forms of honeycomb structures.The experimental results show that with foil thickness of titanium honeycomb increase and honeycomb hole side length decrease,the bearing capacity of titanium honeycomb structure is increased,meanwhile,the bearing capacity of TC4 titanium alloy honeycomb structure is significantly higher than that of TA1 industrial pure titanium honeycomb structure.The collapse areas of all structural parts appear in the unwelded joints in the middle,and the failure form is charaderized by local plastic deformation with cracks.
摘要:The effects of ultrasonic field on microstructure and properties of as-cast binary aluminum bronze were investigated by OM,SEM and tensile testing,hardness testing.The results reveal that ultrasonic field can refine greatly the structure of alloys,and the treated alloy can possess a uniform and fine structure.The tensile strength,the Brinell hardness and the elongation of the alloy after ultrasonic field treatment reach 620 MPa,HB257 and 2.8%,increased by 17%,51.2%,and 47.4%,respectively,compared with those of the untreated alloy.The fracture analysis shows that the alloy fracture mode of the alloy without ultrasonic field is characterized by brittle fracture,while the ultrasonic treated alloys have a large number of dimples in fracture,greatly improving plastic deformation ability.
关键词:Binary Aluminum Bronze;Ultrasound Field;Microstructure and Properties