摘要:Behaviors of the vortices movement at the vertical-curving section of the caster were simulated by Large Eddy Simulation(LES).The accuracy of the mathematical models was also verified through the water experiments.The evolution processes of vortices formation,motion and development in the vertical-curving section of the caster were investigated.Oscillation frequencies of the movement of the vortices at different conditions were also analyzed quantitatively.The results indicate that the vortices of the circulation zone have the turbulence and asymmetry in the space-time during the continuous casting process,maintaining the self-oscillating flow patterns in the mold.Oscillation frequencies of the vortices motion are related to casting speed and SEN insertion depth.When casting speed is increased from 1.1 to 1.7 m/min,oscillation frequency of the vortex motion is increased from 0.06 Hz to 0.22 Hz,and the peak amplitude is increased to 0.2,while SEN immersion depth is increased from 90 mm to 120 mm,the frequency is decreased from 0.26 Hz to 0.15 Hz,and the peak is reduced to 0.02.
摘要:The corrosion behaviors of Zr56Cu19Ni11Al)9Nb)5 metallic glass in 3.5% NaCl,1 mol/L NaOH and 1 mol/L H2SO4 solutions were analyzed by immersion test,potentiodynamic polarization test,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Immersion tests reveal that when the samples are immersed in 3.5% NaCl,1 mol/L NaOH and 1 mol/L H2SO4 solutions for2 256 h,absence of obvious corrosion can be observed by naked eyes.SEM results show that the localized corrosion behavior occurs in the samples,where the corrosion resistance is presented as follows:the worst in 3.5%NaCl solution,the middle in 1 mol/L NaOH solution,and the best in 1 mol/L H2SO4 solution.Potentiodynamic polarization tests indicate that absence of passivation occurs in 3.5% NaCl solution,and passivation film is dissolved locally due to the attack of Cl-.The corrosion current density reaches the highest value in 3.5% NaCl solution,indicating the worst corrosion resistance.Passivation with the formation of dense and stable passivation film occurs in 1 mol/L NaOH and 1 mol/L H2SO4 solutions.In 1 mol/L H2SO4 solution,the spontaneous corrosion potential and the pitting potential reach higher values desirable effect,and the corrosion current density is the smaller with the wider passivation region,so more stable passivation film provides better protection,indicating better corrosion resistance.EDX and XPS analysis shows that in 3.5% NaCl,1 mol/L NaOH and 1 mol/L H2SO4 solutions,the corrosion products are mainly composed of ZrO2,Cu2O,Al2O3,NiO and Nb2O5.
关键词:Metallic Glass;Corrosion;Electrochemical Property;Immersion Test;Potentiodynamic Polarization Test
摘要:Silicon nitride is a commonly used releasing material for casting multi-crystalline silicon ingots.The granularα-phase and the rod-shaped β-phase are two generation phases commonly observed in silicon nitride coatings.The Si3N4 coating on the bottom of the quartz crucible can greatly affect the quality of the Si crystal.Two kinds of coating were made of silicon nitride with two different dominant phases ofα,β,respectively.The results show that theβ-phase-dominated silicon nitride coating can improve the demolding and the seeding effect,as well as reducing the red zone height at the bottom of the ingot.
摘要:The streamline defects in ZL210A alloy castings were investigated by OM,XRD,SEM,EDS and room temperature tensile testing.The results show that the streamline defects can lead to the slight decrease of tensile strength,elongation,hardness at ZL210A defect sample position by counter-gravity casting,however the mechanical properties of streamline defect samples still meet the use requirements.Crack morphology of sample with streamline defects is characterized by fine dimple structure and rock candy shape.The sample with defects-free is characterized by fine dimple hole.The streamline defect sample is the precursor of brittle fracture.The Cu element in the streamline defects area in ZL210A alloy is less than the standard values,resulting in the decrease of the mechanical properties of ZL210A alloy.
关键词:ZL210A Alloy;Streamline Defect;Mechanical Properties;Cu Element
摘要:The effects of the two-step solution treatment on the microstructure of aluminum alloy 7050 hot rolled sheet were investigated.The results show that,after two-stage solution treatment,a large number of coarse phases in hot-rolled sheets are redissolved.When the first-step solution temperature is increased from 450 ℃ to 470℃,the content change of coarse Sphase in the alloy can be ignored.With the secondary solution temperature increase,the Sphase content is decreased and the recrystallization fraction is increased.The effect of secondary solution temperature on recrystallization fraction of microstructures is the greater than that of holding time.The microstructures of thick plates at different thicknesses are vaned to some extent after solution treatment.Under different two-stage solid solution processes,the coarse S phase in the surface and at H/2 of the thick plate is completely dissolved,however the recrystallization fraction at H/2 of the thick plate is the higher than that of ones at surface and H/4.
摘要:The rate and radius of dendrite growth of the as-cast Mg-6Zn alloy were calculated based on KGT model.The primary and secondary dendrite arm spacing of Mg-6Zn alloy were calculated based on Hunt model and Trivedi model,respectively.The primary arm spacing in equiaxed grains and the secondary dendrite spacing in equiaxed grains were measured with the microscope.The results reveal that the calculated and the measured average value of dendrite spacing has the same order of magnitude and is very close in value.
摘要:It was reviewed comparatively for the advantages and disadvantages of traditional electrical discharge machining(EDM),electron-chemical machining(ECM)and long pulsed laser processing on the hole wall quality,accuracy and efficiency of film cooling hole processing.Femtosecond laser provided a solution for high-quality film cooling hole processing.For femtosecond laser drilling,its "cold processing" characteristics and mechanism were described,and the basic theory of damage threshold and experimental calculation method were analyzed.At the same time,numerical calculation models and methods of femtosecond laser ablation mechanism were summarized.It is pointed out that the molecular dynamics method(MD)combined with the two-temperature model(TTM)is the quite promising for numerical simulation.
摘要:Taking die casting magnesium alloy wheel hub as an example,the whole system engineering from the design of casting structure to the successful production of billet in small batches has been completed.Based on the analysis of large data,the common defects in magnesium alloy die castings and their influencing factors were analyzed,and the improvement measures to reducing the defects were put forward.The results show that by analyzing the whole system and adjusting the operation and process parameters of the equipment,defects can be reduced greatly.
摘要:For the casting process of an aluminum alloy transmission component,combined with the actual production situation,the numerical simulation method was used to analyze and optimize the filling and solidification process of the transmission component.The influence of gating system design on porosity defect in aluminum transmission housing was analyzed,and the optimized casting process parameters were presented,which improved the quality of castings and was applied to actual production.
摘要:According to the structure characteristics of the die-casting carburetor housing,orthogonal experiments were designed and the die casting process was simulated by ProCAST software.The die casting process parameters were optimized as follows:pouring temperature of 435 ℃,injection speed of 2.39 m/s and mould temperature of 220℃.Comparing the simulation results with the actual production experiments,it can be concluded that the optimized die casting process can reduce the shrinkage,porosity and air entrapment in the die-castings,improving the quality of the die-castings.
摘要:The semi-solid rheomolding AZ91D auto tire active safety device parts were prepared.The initiation and propagation behaviors of fatigue crack in the semi-solid rheomolding AZ91D magnesium alloy auto parts were investigated through"25 000 km road test of cars equipping with the sample parts"and"50 km road test of cars after sudden deflation of their tires".The results indicate that,the fatigue cracks are mainly initiated at the inclusions and the inclusions/matrix interface,the second phase particle/matrix interface and stomas.The stress control nucleation mechanism is an important factor for the crack initiating from larger size inclusion,and the plastic strain control mechanism is dominant for the crack initiating from the second phase particle/matrix interface or small inclusion/matrix interface.The mechanically small crack propagation is extended by the convergence of adjacent short fatigue cracks in the initial stage.The crack closure effect exists in the mechanically small crack propagation process,which is attributed to plastic-induced crack closure mechanism.
关键词:AZ91D Magnesium Alloy;Semi-solid Rheomolding;Fatigue Crack;Crack Initiation and Propagation
摘要:A polynomial regression model with factorization machine(FM)was applied for predicting the mechanical properties of squeeze-cast aluminum alloys.The data of mechanical properties with different element contents from reported researches was used as training samples based on a gradient descent algorithm in the machine learning model.Then the element contents were input to predict the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys,which was also validated with the experiment data.The validation reveals that the model resulted from machine learning can well predict tensile strength,yield strength,hardness and elongation of alloy with different Al content.
摘要:The low pressure casting process of the C5M4 end cap was simulated by the ProCAST software.By orthogonal experiments,the effects of pouring temperature,mould preheating temperature,filling pressure and filling speed on the low pressure casting process of C5M4 end cap were analyzed based on the optimized pouring scheme from experiments on different gating systems.Through orthogonal experiment,the optimized technological scheme was presented as pouring temperature of 700℃,mould preheating temperature of 250℃,filling pressure of 40 kPa and filling speed of 80 mm/s.Through adding risers on the basis of the optimized technological parameters,shrinkage porosities of end cap can be reduced obviously from 75.23 cm3 to 68.96 cm3.
关键词:Numerical Simulation;ProCAST;Low-pressure Casting;End Cap
摘要:The influence of partial squeeze process on shrinkage porosities(holes)defect in high pressure die castings was analyzed by using numerical analysis.The AnyCasting software was used to understand the effects of shrinkage control by partial squeezing in different parameters,such as various time lag and different squlezing velocity.Through comparison of the simulated result and actual ones,the results show that the shrinkage porosities(holes)in high pressure die castings can be reduced effectively by partial pressurization with suitable squeezing parameters.The shrinkage porosities(holes)in actual production are consistent with the simulated ones after and before partial pressurization.
摘要:The die casting process was designed based on the structure characteristics of filter base.The model of filter base was established by using Pro/E software,and the casting filling process of filter base was simulated by using InteCAST software.The results show that for original design with single ingate,during the filling process of liquid metal,gas and inclusion easily appear in the lower left corner of the casting flange.However,for the optimized process scheme with an auxiliary ingate,its filling becomes stable and uniform,so casting defects can be controlled.The qualified filter cover base was produced sucessfullcy,which verified the feasibility of the simulated results.
摘要:The melt treatment method of Multi-Annular Electromagnetic Stirring(M-AEMS)was developed,and the melt treatment device of M-AEMS was manufactured.The melt treatment of 7075 aluminium alloy was carried out by the developed device,and the melt was directly produced by squeeze casting.The experimental results show that the average grain size of 7075 aluminum alloy castings formed by squeeze casting after M-AEMS treatment is decreased and the homogeneity is obviously improved.The macrosegregation is also improved significantly.After T6 heat treatment,the mechanical properties of the castings reach the level of forgings.
摘要:Columnar wax pattern is a typical wax pattern structure in investment casting.In actual production,there are few researches on the filling process of columnar wax molds,and only on a large number of trial and error filling types to obtain reliable process data with time-consuming and labor-consuming.Firstly,the representative dimension of the columnar wax mould was chosen as20 mm×200 mm.Then,the influence of filling process parameters on the filling quality of the wax mould was investigated by Moldflow software,and the universal filling parameter range of the columnar wax mould was presented.Finally,the optimized filling process parameters of the columnar wax mould in the given dimension range were obtained by orthogonal experiment as follows:the filling temperature of 56℃,the mould temperature of 22℃,and the wax injection speed of 50 cm3/s as well as the holding time of 30 s.
关键词:Columnar Wax Mold;Filling Simulation;General Process Parameters;Orthogonal Experiment
摘要:In order to measure the shell temperature of a investment casting nickel-based alloy blade,a temperature measurement was designed and performed.The test was completed under vacuum and high temperature production conditions.The temperature variations during heating and holding processes were recorded.The measured temperature can be used to choose the numerical simulation parameters as well as the flow references for the nickel-based alloys turbine blade castings.The results show that the experimental design is feasible,and it can be extended to a similar condition.
摘要:The low pressure turbine blade is the structure with slender body,which is difficult in forming and size controlling.With the study of the investment casting process,we collect and analysis the types and quantity of defects.With the research of simulation of pouring process,we improved the gating system.Also,we accumulated a geat of experience which can rovide assistant for the development of similar products.
关键词:LPT Blade;Numerical Simulation;Improvement of Gating system
摘要:For solving the problems existing in the actual production of automobile brake hub castings,the lost foam casting process of automobile brake hubs was simulated by the ProCAST software.The influence of the temperature field of the castings on the shrinkage cavities and porosity was analyzed,and the process optimization of the lost foam casting process was carried out.The results show that with the bottom injection type pouring system,the metal liquid filling process presents even and stable to fully fill the cavity.By adding a ring riser on the top and increasing the wall thickness of the top wall of the castings,the temperature field during the solidification process can be improved effectively,and the potential shrinkage cavities and porosity in the brake hub are reduced,and the shrinkage cavities and porosity are basically distributed in the sprue.There are absence of shrinkage porosity(holes)in the brake hub by using X-ray,greatly improving the qualified rate of the castings.
摘要:Fluorinated hydroxyapatite(FHA)coating was deposited on the surface of medical Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy by electrochemical deposition.The effects of electrolyte pH value on the formation of the FHA coatings were investigated.The results reveal that the concentration of OH- is increased with increasing pH value from 3 to 4,which promotes the nucleation of FHA.The morphology of FHA is converted from needle to band structure.And the average length of the FHA is increased from 3μm to 10μm.The concentration of OH-is further increased when the pH value of electrolyte further is increased to 5,resulting in the precipitation of calcium and phosphorus ion from the electrolyte,so inhibiting the formation process of FHA.The morphology of FHA is gradually transformed from strip structure to fine spherical structure,where the diameter of spherical-shaped FHA is in range of 0.2μm to 0.4μm.
关键词:Mg Alloy;Biomedical Materials;Electrochemical;pH Value
摘要:(Cu47Zr45Al)8)98.5Y1.5 bulk metallic glass composites(BMGCs)with different crystallinity were prepared by copper mold casting and isothermal annealing treatment,and the relationship between microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated.The results indicate that the crystallization volume fraction(Vf)is increased with annealing temperature increase.The process of phase transition is presented as follows:Am(amorphous state)→ Am+Cu10Zr7→Am+Cu10Zr7+AlCu2Zr+Al2Zr.The precipitation strengthening effect largely improves the microhardness of the alloy,and the maximum value of 691 HV can be observed after annealing at 760 Kfor 20 min.The fracture strength of the alloy is increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of annealing temperature.The fracture strength of the alloy reaches the maximum value of 1 950 MPa after isothermal annealing at 680 K.SEM of fracture surfaces reveals a transition of fracture characteristics from the ductile-brittle mixed fracture mode to a cleavage brittle manner with further annealing.The experimental results show that the mechanical properties of Cu-based BMGCs can be controlled by adjusting annealing process parameters,such as annealing temperature and annealing time.
摘要:Nb-18Si-xTi(x=0,16,20,24)alloy was prepared by vacuum non-consumable arc furnace,and the effects of Ti on the structure and mechanical properties of Nb-18Si alloy were analyzed.The results show that Ti element can increase the size of Nbss in Nb-18Si-xTi alloy with decrease of content,and take the alloy incline to hypereutectic zone and form coarse continuous Nb3Si phase.Nbss+Nb5Si3 eutectic structure can be generated with Ti addition,which provides a nucleation substrate for eutectoid transformation,thus promoting eutectoid transformation of Nb3Si phase in arc melted alloys and forming Nbss+α-Nb5Si3 eutectoid structure.Ti element can decrease the microhardness of Nb-Si alloys and increase the room temperature compressive strength due to the formation of primary Nb3Si phase.
摘要:Al-20Si alloy was modified treatment by P and RE compound addition,and the copper mold was used to cool castings with different thickness.The effects of composite modification on Si phase morphology and the wear behavior of the alloy parts were analyzed by OM and SEM.The results reveal that the recalescence temperature of the alloy is reduced due to the high heat storage coefficient of the copper mold and the decrease of the wall thickness of the casting,which is together with the composite modification to refine Si significantly.The average grain size of primary Si in the castings with 5 mm thickness is only 7.1μm.As the grain size decrease,its hardness is increased gradually and wear rate is decreased.With the decrease of castings thickness gradually,the wear mechanism of alloy is characterized by from stripping-wear to a mixed mechanism of abrasive wear and adhesive wear.
摘要:The mechanical properties and microstructure of three different Cu contents of Al-xCu-Mg-Ag-Mn-TiZr-Sc(x=5.23,5.56,5.82)alloys were investigated.The results reveal that the tensile strength of the three kinds of alloys at room temperature is varied slightly,however the creep properties at high temperature is changed greatly.The creep properties of the under-aged alloy with 5.82% Cu content present desirable effects.At high temperature(200 MPa/240℃),the creep fracture time reaches 64.43 hof the alloy with 5.82% Cu content,which is about 3 times of the others.And at high tension(250 MPa/200℃),the steady creep rates of alloy with 5.82% Cu content is 6.47×10-7 s-1,which is about 2/5 of the others.The main strengthening phases in the three kind of test alloys areΩphases,however theΩphases′densities are varied widely.In addition,there exist also a large number of deformed W-AlCuScZr phases.
关键词:Al-xCu-Mg-Ag-Mn-Ti-Zr-Sc Alloy;Tensile Strength at Room Temperature;Creep Properties;Ω Phase
摘要:Al-12Si-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-2.0Ni alloys with modification and T6 treatment were conducted at 300 ℃ for 25~400 h.The evolution of microstructure and properties of alloy under high temperature and long time holding temperature was analyzed.The results show that the eutectic Si morphology is changed from granular to rod-like at 300℃ for 25~100 h,and grain size is increased with number decreases,and the coarse bulk Si phase appears.After 200~400 h,the size of the coarse bulk Si phase is decreased,and the eutectic Si morphology is changed from rod-like to granular,meanwhile,the size is decreased with the quantity increases.The precipitation,aggregation and growth of alloying compounds form acicular Al-Ni-Cu or Al-Cu-Ni phases.The mechanical properties of the alloy are decreased,where the tensile strength is decreased from 332.34 MPa to 185.65 MPa,and the elongation is decreased firstly and then increased.
摘要:In order to improve the monofilament conductivity of heat resistant aluminium alloy,the different preparation methods was developed to prepare heat resistant aluminium alloy monofilament with conductivity more than 35.67 MS/m.The results show that through reasonable adding Al-B alloy wire online or to 300℃×8h heat treatment,aluminum rod with 9.5 mm in diameter and electrical conductivity more than 35.844 MS/m can be obtained.And then aluminum rod was drawn up to monofilament with diameter of 3.99 mm,achieving electric conductivity more than 35.67 MS/m.Heat resistance(230℃×1 h,Arrhenius curve)testing verifies that the tensile strength remains above 90%,which can meet the standard of aluminum alloy monofilament for heat-resistant wire.
摘要:The high temperature deformation behavior of hot rolled annealed TC4 titanium alloy profiles was investigated by uniaxial tensile test.The effects of deformation temperature and strain rate on the mechanical properties of TC4 titanium alloy and tensile fracture behavior were analyzed.The results show that the tensile strength is decreased with the increase of temperature at the same tensile rate in range of 0.236~1 mm/min.When the deformation temperature is fixed at 773、993 and 1 093 K,the tensile strength of the alloy is less affected by the tensile rate,and the tensile strength remains basically unchanged.With the deformation temperature of 1 093 K,the tensile strengths increased with the increase of the stretching rate.With the increase of deformation temperature or the decrease of tensile rate,the number of dimples in the fracture is increased,and the shape of the dimple gradually becomes regular.The fracture mode of the specimen is transformed by the mixed fracture of brittle fracture and ductile fracture.It is a ductile polymerized ductile fracture and finally becomes ductile fracture.
关键词:TC4Titanium Alloy Profile;High Temperature Tensile;Deformation Behavior;Fracture Mechanism