According to the structural characteristics of the ES8B2 upper cover

the feeding system and the overflow system were designed

and the casting process was simulated by Flow-3D software.The simulated results of the initial scheme reveal that the gating system and its adjacent areas have a higher temperature

however the temperature at both ends of the cavity and the overflowing slot was reduced.The volume fraction of entrained air was observed in the two ends of the cavity.The initial scheme was optimized by changing the shape of the horizontal channel and adjusting the position and size of the overflowing slots.The simulated results reveal that the temperature distribution is high in the middle

while the two ends are low

and more volume fraction of entrained air appears at both ends of the cavity

so the scheme was optimized again by increasing the area of the gate and the overflow port

the volume of the overflow slots and the cross-sectional area of the connecting ribs.The simulated results show that the volume fraction of entrained air in the cavity is reduced significantly

and the blowholes are reduced

so the defect is reduced in the casting.The surface of castings is smooth with fewer defects

meeting the requirements of production in actual production.