The process of cold crucible directional solidification of muliticrytalline silicon for solar cells is studied in this paper

this technique combines the advantages of electromagnetic casting and that of directional solidification. The silicon ingots are cast by withdrawing. There are many defects in the experiments

such as the silicon grains are not melt

sintering of silicon grains

quenching of the melt

incomplete melting

splashing of the melt and break of the new ingot. Those defects are related to the processing and the technical parameters

and can be eliminated by adjusting technical parameters. Silicon ingot with columnar grains and coarse surface

but without crack can be obtained under appropriate conditions.