摘要:MnBi permanent magnetic alloy is a kind of material with great attraction, which presents unusual ferromagnetism and different physical properties from other magnets, and has low material cost without rare earth addition.MnBi permanent magnet alloy exhibits magnetocrystalline anisotropy at high temperature and a positive temperature coefficient of coercivity that is different from other magnetic materials, which is expected to become a high-performance permanent magnetic material under elevated temperature application.However, it is still difficult to prepare high-purity MnBi permanent magnetic alloys with high performance due to the overcomplicated phase transition. In view of research on the manufacture process, doping of elements of MnBi permanent magnetic materials, and the films, powders, and bulk materials of composite permanent magnetic materials, the development status and latest research progress of high-performance MnBi permanent magnetic alloys were expounded, which provides foundation for MnBi permanent magnetic materials, and creates the possibility for the realization of modern production.
关键词:MnBi Permanent Magnetic Alloys;High Performance;Element Doping;Composite Magnet
摘要:Cu0.3Cr2Fe2Ni3Mn2Nbxhigh-entropy alloys were prepared by arc melting process. The phase composition, microstructure, element distribution, hardness and acid corrosion resistance of the alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, microhardness tester and immersion corrosion test. The results reveal that when x=0 or x=0.2, alloys are composed of a single FCC solid solution phase, while the alloy is composed of FCC+Laves phases when x=0.4. The dendritic regions of all alloys are characterized by Cr-Fe-rich FCC phase regions. When x=0 or x=0.2, interdendritic regions of alloys are Cu-Mn-rich FCC phase regions and Nb-Ni-Mn-rich FCC phase regions, respectively, while that of alloy is Nb-Ni-Fe-rich Laves phase region when x=0.4.When x=0, the microhardness of alloy is lower, which is about 127 HV, and that of alloy is 203 HV when x=0.4, which is attributed to the solid solution strengthening of Nb element and the precipitation strengthening of Laves phase. In 2% HNO3 solution, the immersion corrosion rate of the alloys is increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of Nb content. Due to reduction of element segregation degree, and desirable corrosion resistance of formed Laves phase, the alloy exhibits optimal acid corrosion resistance, which is still weaker than that of 1 Cr18 Ni9 Ti stainless steel.
摘要:The specimens of ZChSnSb8-4 alloy at different directional solidification rates were prepared by directional solidification. The dendrite spacing of Cu6Sn5 phase, grain radius of SnSb phase, hardness of SnSb phase and directional solidification rate in ZChSnSb8-4 alloy were compared. The results indicate that with the increase of growth rate, the dendrite spacing of Cu6Sn5 phase is increased firstly and then gradually to be stabilized. The grain radius of SnSb phase in directional solidification zone is gradually decreased, while the hardness presents an increasing trend.When the directional solidification rate is 100 μm/s, the hardness of SnSb phase reaches the maximum, which is 104.8 HV.
摘要:The effects of Mg and Sc elements on the elastic moduli, anisotropy, and Debye temperature of AlLi phase were investigated by first-principles method. The results indicate that AlLi, Al63Li64X and Al64Li63X(X=Mg and Sc) phases can form a stable structure at 0 K and meet the mechanical stability criterion. The shear modulus and Young’s modulus of AlLi phase are increased by Mg and Sc elements, which play a negative role in improving the bulk modulus of AlLi phase. AlLi, Al63Li64X and Al64Li63X phases show anisotropy, among which Al64Li63Mg has the highest degree. The brittleness of AlLi phase is increased with the doping of Mg or Sc. The hardness and Debye temperature of AlLi, Al63Li64X and Al64Li63X phases have the similiar changing trend.
关键词:First-principle;AlLi Phase;Elastic Properties;Debye Temperature
摘要:As the key hot-end components of aeroengine and gas turbine, nickel base superalloy turbine blades were mainly prepared by investment casting. Firstly, the accuracy connotation of investment castings was introduced, and the significance of accurate shape control for improving blade performance was expounded. Secondly, the influencing factors of error in the preparation of wax pattern for turbine blade investment casting were analyzed, and the research results of accuracy controlling technology of wax pattern for turbine blade developed in recent years were summarized, and its development trend was prospected.
摘要:In view of the complex stress and strain of hollow turbine blade of gas turbine during the directional solidification process, which leads to the casting size out of tolerance, the directional solidification deformation process of large-scale single crystal blade was simulated based on ProCAST software, and the stress field and displacement field of hollow turbine blade under different processes were investigated. The influence of casting process parameters on dimensional deformation was analyzed. The results indicate that with the pouring temperature of 1 530 ℃ and the pulling rate of 5 mm/min, the selected section deformation of blade is the smallest. The prediction of blade deformation size can provide guidance for the control of dimensional accuracy.
摘要:Finite element method was adopted to simulate and calculate the electromagnetic field during the double-zone induction heating process of directional solidification by HRS method, and the influence of power parameters and structural parameters on the magnetic field distribution characteristics was investigated. The results indicate that the magnetic field in the graphite heating unit is unevenly distributed during the double-zone induction heating process, and the magnetic field intensity inside the insulation baffle is the lowest. As the current intensity decreases and the power frequency increases, the internal magnetic field intensity in the insulation package is decreased. With the increase of conductivity and thickness of the graphite heating unit, the internal magnetic field intensity is decreased. As the height of the graphite tube increases, the internal magnetic field intensity is increased. In addition, the existence of the short circuit ring reduces the internal magnetic field intensity of the insulation package.
关键词:Directional Solidification;Numerical Simulation;Induction Heating;Magnetic Field Distribution
摘要:In order to optimize the laser-MIG hybrid welding process of thick aluminum alloy and improve the welding efficiency, the effects of laser and arc energy ratio coefficient η(PL/PMIG) on the weld formation and welded joint structure were analyzed under the two modes of fixed laser power and fixed arc power, respectively. The results indicate that in the fixed laser power mode, the weld penetration and penetration width are decreased, and the aspect ratio of the weld has little change with the increase of η. In the fixed arc power mode, the weld penetration, melting width and the aspect ratio are all increased with the increase of η. The laser heat source has a certain influence on the weld penetration depth and width, while the arc heat source mainly affects the weld penetration width. In the fixed laser power mode, the weld porosity is decreased with the increase of η, which is inverse in the fixed arc power mode. In the fixed arc power mode, Mg content in the laser action area of the weld is decreased, while Zn content is increased with the increase of η. The 12 mm thick plate A7 N01 aluminum alloy butt bottom welding and cover welding were carried out using the process parameters of η=1.5 and η=0.25, and weld joint is well formed, where the tensile strength of the joint reaches 78.95% of the base material.
摘要:A set of testing apparatus was designed to measure the interface back pressure of coated sand mold(core) during pouring through the gas pressure acquisition system, and the measurement method was optimized. The effects of casting temperature, gas emission of coated sand, height of metal hydrostatic head and length of sand core on the measurement results were investigated. The results indicate that the duration of maximum interface back pressure and peak pressure is increased with the increase of pouring temperature and gas production of coated sand. When the height of the metal hydraulic static pressure head is insufficient, the gas enters the metal liquid in form of a bubble, thus reducing the interface back pressure. The maximum interfacial backpressure is obviously increased with the core length increase, where the influence of core length on the interface back pressure is greater than that of the gas-emissim of coated sand., proving that the most critical factor for porosity defects is casting structure, and the optimal scheme to reduce porosity defects is to set up a reasonable exhaust system.
关键词:Coated Sand;Aluminum Alloy Castings;Interfacial Back Pressure;Guide Pipe;Invasive Pore
摘要:Rheo-forging for producing large-scale 7050 Al alloy wheel was investigated by the combination of IC-AEMS melt treatmentand traditional squeezing casting technology. The results indicate that large-scale wheels produced by squeezing casting technology have little casting defects, with uniformly fine grains, alleviated segregation, of which the performance reaches the level of conventional forgings.
关键词:High-strength Aluminum Alloy;IC-AEMS Melt Treatment;Rheo Squeezing Casting;Structure and Performance
摘要:1235 aluminum alloy slab with thickness of 7.0 mm was directly cast and rolled with electrolytic molten aluminum. The effects of cast-rolling zone lengths on the microstructure and tensile mechanical properties of 1235 aluminum alloy slab at room temperature were investigated by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy spectrum analyzer and tensile testing machine. The results indicate that when the length of the cast-rolling zone is 60 mm, the grain size of the slab is coarse with severe central segregation and poor mechanical properties. When the length of the casting rolling zone is 63~67 mm, the grain size of the slab is fine with evenly distribution, and the grain size difference is reduced. The central segregation disappears and the comprehensive mechanical properties are desirable. When the length of the casting and rolling zone is increased to 70 mm, the grain size of the slab becomes coarsened, and the central layer segregation is aggravated, so the mechanical properties are decreased. Energy spectrum analysis demonstrates that the central segregation is mainly Al2O3, FeAlSi and complex compounds adsorbed with other atoms. The reasonable length of cast rolling zone of 1235 aluminum alloy slab is 63~67 mm, where the comprehensive mechanical properties are desirable with the average tensile strength above 108.7 MPa and the average elongation after fracture above 37.7%.
关键词:Cast-rolling Zone Length;1235 Aluminum Alloy;Cast-rolling Plate;Microstructure;Mechanical Properties
摘要:The microstructure of K416 B nickel-based superalloy prepared by adjusting the pouring temperature and cooling method were observed and analyzed, and the durability at 975 ℃ and 235 MPa were tested to investigate the influence of pouring temperature and cooling method on microstructure and durability of K416 B alloy. The results indicate that with increasing in the cooling rate, the interdendritic distance of the as-cast alloy can be reduced, and the eutectic structure and the size of γ′ are refined. The large-size eutectic γ′ can be obtained in the as-cast structure of the alloy by sand cooling, which is mainly composed of(γ+γ′) eutectic by single shell cooling. A higher pouring temperature can increase the grain size of as-cast alloy and decrease the size and content of residual eutectic between dendrites, which has little effect on size of γ′. The persistent fracture mechanism of the alloy during stress rupture at 975 ℃ and 235 MPa is dominated by cracks initiation and propagation along the grain boundary, the interface between eutectic and matrix and the interdendritic loose area.Among them, grain size obtained by casting and single shell cooling at 1 550 ℃ is larger, and content of interdendritic eutectic and shrinkage is low with fine and uniform γ′ phase, which is the main reasons for desirable durability.
摘要:Using OM, SEM, universal tensile testing machine and other testing methods, effects of continuous AC magnetic field and intermittent AC magnetic field with different parameters on solidification structure and mechanical properties of Mg-6 Gd-3 Y-0.6 Zr alloy were explored. The results indicate that both continuous AC magnetic field and intermittent AC magnetic field can refine grains of Mg-6 Gd-3 Y-0.6 Zr alloy and improve its mechanical properties effectively. There is no significant difference in grain size of the alloy under the two different magnetic field treatment conditions, however mechanical properties of the alloy with intermittent AC magnetic field treatment is lower than those of ones with continuous AC magnetic field treatment. Under the condition of continuous AC magnetic field, in the range of 200~600 ℃, with the increase of mold preheating temperature, grain size of the alloy is decreased gradually. In the range of 0~300 V, with the increase of AC voltage, grain size of the alloy is decreased at first and then increased, and the turning point is 250 V. Under the condition of intermittent AC magnetic field, when the discharge frequency is 1~10 Hz or the duty cycle is 10%~40%, as the discharge frequency or duty cycle increases, grain size of the alloy is decreased at first and then increased, where the turning point is 5 Hz or 20%, respectively.
关键词:Mg-Gd-Y-Zr Alloy;AC Magnetic Field;Solidification Structure;Mechanical Properties
摘要:The mechanical characteristics during superplastic deformation of 7 B04 aluminum alloy were investigated by high temperature tensile test, and the microstructure evolution of superplastic deformation was observed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron backs cattered diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and focused ion beams. The results indicate that optimal deformation condition is at 515 ℃ and 3×10-4 s-1, where the elongation rate reaches the maximum value of 850%.At the initial stage of deformation, voids are gradually generated under the combined action of vacancy migration and tensile stress. Partial grains are fractured along the tensile direction, resulting in a slight decrease in grain size along the tensile direction and a decrease in grain aspect ratio, and the grains grow gradually with the increase of strain subsequently. With the proceeding of deformation, stripe bands appear on the surface due to the joint action of diffusion creep and grain boundary sliding, and precipitate free zones are formed near grain boundaries. The absence of intracrystalline dislocation slip is achieved, and the superplastic deformation mechanism is characterized by grain boundary sliding accompanied with diffusion creep.
摘要:The effects of Ag content on microstructure and properties of Mg-4 Zn-0.5 Sr alloys were investigated. The microstructure, tensile fracture morphology, mechanical properties and phase of the alloy were analyzed by optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), universal testing machine, X-ray diffraction(XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show that the microstructure of the alloy is mainly composed of α-Mg matrix, dotted MgZn phase of staggered distribution, elongated Mg17Sr2 phase and short coarse Mg4Ag phase distributed at grain boundaries. With the increase of Ag content, the grain size of the alloy is increased firstly and then decreased, and the mechanical properties of the alloy is increased firstly and then decreased. When Ag content is 0.5%, the grain size of the alloy reaches 83.28 μm, and the alloy presents desirable mechanical properties with maximum tensile strength of 182 MPa, yield strength of 102 MPa and elongation of 13.81%.
摘要:Based on the concept of “cost reduction” and “solid solution strengthening and ductilizing”, considering the slow cooling of sand mold casting conditions for large complex aerospace components, two kinds of Mg-3 Y-3 Gd-0.5 Zn alloys were designed to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties. The results reveal that the as-cast microstructure of alloys has fine grain size, and absence of bulk divorced eutectic phase can be observed. The addition of Zn can introduce LPSO phase which improves the mechanical properties of alloy. The alloys have weak aging strengthening abilities.After heat treated by 500 ℃×24 h+200 ℃×50 h, the elongation, tensile strength and yield strenghth of Mg-3 Y-3 Gd-0.5 Zn alloy reach up to 21.2%, 224 MPa and 126 MPa, respectively, presenting high application potential in magnesium production requiring high plasticity.
摘要:Based on the solid solution phase formation design parameters of high entropy alloy, Co-Cr-Fe-Ni alloy system was optimized by adding light and refractory elements, and a new type of light-weight, high strength-ductile HEAs with dual phase(BCC+FCC) structure and desirable high temperature strength was obtained.The results indicate that the optimal CoCrFeNiAl2CuV0.8 alloy possesses the expected dual-phase structure, and maintains excellent compression performance at room temperature and even high temperature, while the plastic deformation ability needs to be further improved. The experimental results are basically consistent with the expectations from the parameter design, verifying the feasibility of composition design for HEAs based on parameter calculation.
关键词:HEAs;Solid Solution Design Parameters;Dual Phase;Light-weight and High Strength-ductile
摘要:The microstructure and properties of Cu-5 Fe thin strip and foil prepared by non-vacuum induction melting, semi-continuous casting, cold rolling and fine rolling were investigated by means of metallographic electron microscopy, digital conductivity tester, XRD thermal expansion tester, laser thermal conductivity tester and PPMS. The results indicate that Cu-5 Fe alloy has high conductivity(19.72 MS/m) and strength(580 MPa), excellent thermal conductivity[267 W/(m·K)] and ductility, and unique electromagnetic shielding characteristics.
关键词:Cu-5Fe Alloy;High Strength and Conductivity;Microstructure;Thin Strip and Foil;Electromagnetic Shielding
摘要:Based on the principle of multi-element and small amount of alloying, rare earth elements such as Y, Nd, La, Ce, and Zr were added to Mg to prepare a novel magnesium alloy, and the mechanical properties and corrosion properties were measured. The results show that the tensile strength of Mg-Y-Nd-(La+Ce)-Zr magnesium alloy with 4.2%Y, 2.7%Nd, 0.1%(La+Ce), and 0.5%Zr reaches 223 MPa, presenting desirable mechanical properties. In addition, the average corrosion rate of the alloy is 0.209 mg/(cm~2·h) in Hank’s solution for 96 hours.
摘要:The effects of Ti on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg97.75Er1.5Ni0.75 alloy reinforced by long period stacking ordered(LPSO) phase were investigated. The results show that the grains in the alloys are refined by Ti addition. The average grain size of the alloys is decreased at first and then increased with increasing in Ti contents. With 0.6% Ti addition, the average grain size of the alloy reaches 235 μm, which is decreased by 67.6% compared with that of the Mg97.75Er1.5Ni0.75 alloy. With the increase of Ti contents, the tensile strength and elongation of the alloys are decreased at first and then increased. With 0.6% Ti addition, the tensile strength and elongation of the alloy reach 213 MPa and 7.9%, which is increased by 20.3% and 54.9%, respectively, compared with those of the Mg97.75Er1.5Ni0.75 alloy.
摘要:The influence of compound heat treatment and special casting on the mechanical properties of TiB2 particle reinforced aluminum-based composite was investigated by compound heat treatment process, combined with the water-cooled die and ultrasonic treatment technology.The results indicate that compound heat treatment technology can significantly improve the mechanical properties of composites, and optimal heat treatment process is presented.Water-cooled molds can raise the solidification speed of materials and refine grain, effectively improving the mechanical properties of the piston specimens, which exhibits desirable room temperature and mechanical properties at 350 ℃. Ultrasound treatment can improve the distribution of TiB2 particles and crystalline phase, increasing the high-temperature tensile strength by 16.3% compared with the one without ultrasound treatment.
摘要:Taking 1060 Al and AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets as raw materials, the effects of layer thickness ratio on microstructure and properties of prepared Al-Mg microlaminated composites were investigated. The microstructure, element distribution and crack propagation of the composites were analyzed by metallographic microscope, X-ray diffractometer, field emission electron probe and scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that the composites prepared by vacuum hot pressing sintering is well-bonded, and the mechanical properties is increased firstly and then decreased. When the thickness ratio of Al-Mg layer is 1∶1.5, the composites exhibit desirable properties, where the bending strength is 159 MPa, the specific strength is 7.4×10~4 N·m/kg, and the compressive strength is 310 MPa.
关键词:Al-Mg Microlaminated Composites;Vacuum Hot Pressing;Bending Strength;Compressive Strength
摘要:ZTAp/high chromium cast iron wear-resistant composites were prepared by the lost foam casting method with Co plating on ceramic surface and TiC as well as active micropowders cladding. The composites were analyzed by SEM, EDS, XRD and other experiments.The results indicate that the interface of composites are well bonded.The interface exists a transition layer, which is based on sodium silicate with diffusion of Al, Zr, C, Cr, Fe and TiC, ZTA particles as well as AlCo、3 Al2O3·2 SiO2、NaAlSiO4、Co3Fe7 phases.Comprehensive test data and analysis reveal that the elements in the transition layer is diffused with each other and the corresponding physical and chemical reactions occur under the induction of Co diffusion and desirable affinity between TiC,ZTA and the matrix, which is an important reason for the infiltration of molten iron and ceramics to realize the metallurgical bonding of the ceramic/high chromium cast iron interface.
关键词:ZTA;High Chromium Cast Iron;Wear-resistant Composite;Electroless Co Plating;Lost Foam Casting
摘要:Ti/Ti-Al laminated composites were prepared with pure Ti foil and Al foil as raw materials by vacuum hot pressing(VHP). The effects of Ti layer volume fraction on the mechanical properties of Ti/Ti-Al laminated composites were investigated. The results indicate that the volume fraction of the Ti layer has a significant effect on the properties of the Ti/Ti-Al laminated composite. When the Ti layer volume fraction is in range of 33%~65%, the Ti/Ti-Al laminated composite with 45% Ti layer exhibits desirable room temperature tensile strength(313.5 MPa) and flexural strength(911.5 MPa), which hinders crack propagation and extension path of secondary crack in brittle layers through ductile layers, absorbing the fracture energy and improving the strength effectively.In the bending test, the crack propagation path of the Ti/Ti-Al laminated composite with 45% Ti layer is long and tortuous, and the ductile Ti layer passivates the crack through plastic deformation at the crack tip, preventing the crack from expanding, thus improving toughness of the composites.
摘要:In order to improve the quality of low-pressure die casting worm reduction gear housing and production efficiency, numerical simulation methods were used to analyze the temperature field and shrinkage porosity during the solidification process. The distribution and size of the shrinkage porosity were predicted, and the reasons for its formation were analyzed. On this basis, through improving the runner, adjusting the technological parameter, and adding cooling channel, the scheme was designed and optimized. The results show that there exists absence of shrinkage porosity in the optimized castings, which improves the quality of the castings and the setting time is reduced by 38.8%.The feasibility of the squeeze casting process was verified by metallographic observation.
关键词:Reduction Gear Housing;Low-pressure Die Casting;Process Optimization;Metallographic Observation
摘要:During die casting production process, due to the local high temperature of the mold, sintering and aluminum sticking will occur in the local high temperature hot spot of the mold, which not only affects the appearance quality of the casting, but also destroys the dense layer on the surface of the casting, leading to leakage of casting gas tightness detection or the risk of leakage. In the process of die casting filling, drawing die or serious crack phenomenon often appear due to the direct erosion of liquid aluminum. After shot blasting, the appearance of castings is affected by peeling, which can’t meet customer needs. In view of the above casting appearance problems, the partial coating treatment of the die casting mold was proved to solve the above casting appearance defects with simple operation.
摘要:The kinds and distributions of inclusions in the surface of different types of JG4246 A revers before and after cleaning treatment were systematically analyzed. The results indicate that the Al2O3 inclusions forming after the reaction with the shell are mainly on the surface of the revert before cleaning treatment, accounting for about 24%~25% of the area fraction. At the same time, there are a small amount of HfO2, Ti-rich inclusions and Zr-and Hf-rich inclusions, while there are still a certain amount of Al2O3 inclusions, a small amount of Hf-rich inclusions and Zr-and Si-rich inclusions on the surface of the revert after cleaning treatment. After 100% cleaning treatment reverts were melted, and the molten steel with a lot of scum could not meet the demand for reuse of the reverts. It is necessary to further improve the cleanliness of the revert master alloy.