摘要:The AlCrMoTiNi and AlCrMoTiZr alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy process.The microstructure and hardness of the as-cast and annealed alloys were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and digital display Vickers hardness tester.The AlCrMoTiNi alloy was composed of a mixed structure of FCC and BCC solid solution phases.The AlCrMoTiZr alloy consists of BCC solid solution phase and intermetallic compound phase.After annealed at 7001 000℃,absence of the phases change in the two alloys can be obserevd.The hardness of the AlCrMoTiNi and AlCrMoTiZr alloys reaches 447 HV and 623 HV at as-cast condition,and reaches 615 HV and 656 HV at annealed condition,respectively.
摘要:Hot compression test of homogenized 7050 aluminum alloy was carried out on the Gleed-1500 thermal simulation machine at 573723℃and 0.000 51s-1.The strain hardening coefficient and deformation activation energy of 7050 aluminum alloy were evaluated by linear regression analysis.And the flow stress constitutive equation of 7050 aluminum alloy during hot compression process was presenetd.The microstructure evolution of the alloy under different deformation conditions was observed using optical microscope(OM),electron back scattered diffraction(EBSD)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The results reveal that dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization phenomenon can be observed during hot compression deformation process.And with increasing in the deformation temperature or decreasing in the strain rates,the flow stress and the dislocation density of homogenized7050 aluminum are decreased.The main softening mechanism of the alloy is characterized by from dynamic recovery to dynamic recrystallization during deformation.Correspondingly,microstructure is transformed from substructure of dislocation to recrystallized structure.
摘要:Aimed at wear and crack failure problems in the surface and inside of the mould caused by thermal shock environment and alternating load under long-term service,the laser welding technology was used to repair and maintenance of A-MAX steel mold appearing the crack and wear,and microstructure,tensile and fatigue performance of the mould repaired were analyzed.The results indicate that in the welding seam of laser welded joint,there exists small amount of plate strip martensite and some white ferrite phase distributed along the grain boundary joint,and in heat affected zone,the mechanical mixture of white ferrite and black pearlite microstructure appears.After laser welding,the tensile strength and elongation of the mold reach 93.95% and 88.92% of those of a new A-MAX mold,and the fatigue life of the mold after repairing can be improved obviously,of which the fatigue cycles are nearby the same order of magnitude as that of new mold.
摘要:Heating transferring and flow field during TRC strip were analyzed by numerical simulation to understand effects of rolling velocity on temperature field and flow field under various conditions.Microstructure,morphology and constituent of the TRC magnesium alloy strip were analyzed by OM(optical microscopy),SEM(scanning electron microscopy).Based on simulated results and microstructure observation,central-line segregations in magnesium alloys strip was described.The results indicate that the rolling-casting speed has the great effect on heating transferring and flow field of melt in casting-rolling zone,and controlled the full solidification point of the strip.The sharp heating transferring can be observed in the melt along perpendicular to roller surface,resulting in the formation of columnar grain along opposite direction of heating transferring.Solute redistribution occurs in the solid-liquid interface of solidification front,so the Al,Zn element can be enriched in the soldering joint of top-bottom solidified shell,which are responsible for the formation of central-line segregation.
关键词:Twin-roll Casting of Magnesium Alloys;Numerical Simulation;Microstructure;Central-line Segregations
摘要:Zn-Cu alloy coatings were prepared by arc spraying technology on plaster substrates,and orthogonal experimental design was performed to analyze effects of the spraying parameters on micro-hardness,porosity and wear mass loss of the sprayed coatings.The results reveal that the spraying voltage is the most significant factor affecting microhardness of the coating,while spraying current is the most significant factor affecting the porosity and wear mass loss of the coating in the experimental range.The optimized spraying parameters are presented as follows:spraying voltage of 30 V,spraying current of220 A,spraying distance of 340 mm and spray pressure of 0.7 MPa.The Zn-Cu alloy coating produced with the optimized parameters exhibits the typical meshwork structure with satisfied synthesis performance,where the microhardness is 150.8 HV,the porosity is 6.4%,and the wear mass loss reaches0.005 5g.
摘要:Fe-based alloying powder was prepared to modify the 45 steel by laser cladding technique.The microstructure and corrosion resistant behavior of the cladded layer were investigated by OM(optical microscopy),XRD(X-ray diffraction),TEM(transmission electron microscopy),a three-electrode electrochemical cell and salt spray testing.The experimental results indicate that 45 steel can be modified by laser cladding technology with Fe-based powder.Excellent chemical metallurgical bonding can be observed between cladding layer and substrate.The matrix phase in cladding coating is pure BCC,and the laser cladding layer exhibits desirable corrosion resistance.
摘要:The orthogonal experiment and microstructure observation of single-pass equal channel angular extrusion(ECAE)7075alloy were carried out.The experimental results indicate that the grain refinement effect exhibits desirable by using ECAE die with 90°.Based on the Zener-Hollomon parameter model and the premise of the given initial average grain size 40μm,the numerical simulation of the microstructure evolution was preformed by the Deform-3Dsoftware with microstructure module to analyze the microstructure and the grain size in the different cross section.The simulated results reveal that the average grain sizes reach 3.5μm,2.4μm,29.1μm in the top,the middle and the bottom,respectively,exhibiting refinement to some extent,which is well agreement with the experimental ones.
摘要:In order to seek more effective ingot feeding technique,numerical simulation of internal magnetic field distribution in rectangular electromagnetic riser during electromagnetic feeding process was investigated.The results show that the magnetic induction distribution trend along the height direction exhibits feaure of"small at both ends,big in the middle"in the riser.Induced current,current frequency,magnetic field position have a great effect on magnetic field distribution in the riser.In order to obtain a stable thermal center at the top of the rectangular riser,with the current controling in 150200A,current frequency of 2 000 Hz,sensor and the riser at the bottom controling between 100110mm,the error of simulated values and measured value is less than 10%,meeting the engineering requirements.
关键词:Numerical Simulation;Magnetic Field Distribution;Induced Current;Current Frequency;Magnetic Field Action Position
摘要:According to the shape characteristics of casting aluminum alloy knuckle and actual production capacity,the forming process of aluminum alloy knuckle was analyzed by MAGMA software.Based on numerical simulation,the structure and casting process parameters of the aluminum knuckle were optimized.Finally,the steering knuckle has been proved to meet the operating requirements through an experimental verification.Consequently,a feasible process of trial production of the steering knuckle has been explored.
摘要:Effects of solution treatment time on microstructure of permanent mold casting and powder thixoforming 6061 aluminum alloy at 535℃ were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),optical microscopy(OM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that the eutectic phase in powder thixoforming 6061 aluminum alloy is fully dissolved into theα-Al matrix after solid solution at535 ℃for 3h.The primary particles and the secondarily solidified grains are grown up through coalescence.However,the eutectic phase in permanent mold casting 6061 aluminum alloy is fully dissolved after solid solutionized for 6h.The solution treatment process of permanent mold casting is slower than that of powder thixoforming.
摘要:By analyzing product process of aluminum alloy fixed clamp by squeezing casting,effects of mould temperature on solidification structure of the fixed clamp were described,and processing parameters were presented.There exist some priority in quality and efficiency for producing aluminum alloy fixed clamp by squeezing casting instead of low pressure casting or permanent mold casting.The satisfied mould working temperature for producing fixed clamp is 180260℃.When filling rate is decreased form 145mm/s to 70mm/s,the surface bubble rate in the fixed clamp is lower than 5% after T6 heat treatment.
摘要:The casting process of magnesium alloy wheel-hub was designed on the basis of analysis on molding feature and the structure characteristics of magnesium alloy wheel-hub,and low pressure casting was adopted.The low-pressure casting mould design and parameters were mainly included metallic mold(H13steel)and precoated sand core,and cooling rate of the magnesium alloy wheel-hub was improved by increasing the mould thickness with70 mm diameter of melt-elevating tube as well as premaking gas-exhausted hole on the top of the mould.
摘要:The physical and mathematical model of thermal energy of melting cast aluminum alloy was established,and based on worksite data acquisition,quantitative energy consumption analysis was conducted.The results reveal that in continuous melting cast aluminum alloy with centralized melting furnace,40.8% energy is used to melt aluminum alloy to 760 ℃,33.3% of energy is exhausted with high temperature flue gas,and 16.5% of energy is lose in form of radiation and convection during operation process,7.4% of energy is dissipated by furnace shell surface,2% of energy is dissipated with furnace slag.
摘要:Aiming at the problem of high shrinkage cavity and blowholes in ADC12die-castings,the filling process was simulated by the ProCAST to analyze the high forming area of shrinkage cavity and blowholes and predicts the possible defects in other areas combining with the structural feature.The existing mould process was evaluated and improved.The results show that the optimized structure of casting blank and mould core can eliminate shrinkage cavity and blowholes.
关键词:Numerical Simulation;Die-casting ADC12;Shrinkage Cavity and Blowholes;Mould Process
摘要:The casting parameters of the low pressure casting oil circuit board were explored.According to the casting structure characteristics,gating system was designed.Through experiment,the optimized processing parameters were presented.The experimental result reveals that the low pressure casting oil circuit board with the optimized parameters can meet the technological requirement in mechanical properties after heat treatment meeting the requirements of the application after machining and assembly.
摘要:The investment casting process including filling process,solidification time,shrinkage porosity formation and stress field,of a Fe-Cr-Ni alloy sleeve was simulated and analyzed by ProCAST software.The hot tearing defect was predicted,and the simulated results were well in agreement with the practical product.The analysis results reveal that the hot tearing of the sleeve is attributed to the shrinkage porosity occurred between the riser ring and the casting during solidification process resulting in the decrease of strength.When the tensile stress is more than the ultimate strength,hot tearing is generated.Through expending the section of the runner cross-gate to take enough feeding for the castings,the qualified castings were produced successfully.
摘要:In order to produce aluminium alloy castings with high quality by investment casting,the casting process was simulated by the ProCAST software.The shrinkage porosities(holes)were predicted by visualizing filling and solidification.Through the optimized design,with adding a water cooling bed at the bottom of the casting,the defect position in the initial castings was transferred,and the quality and yield rate of the castings were improved.
摘要:Due to the complicated structure and high technical requirements,casting qualified rate of a gas turbine blade is very low,and the defects such as the core of the fault,the columnar crystal and the metallurgical inclusion are very high.Through the optimization of ceramic core manufacturing and the production process for the free end,the age rate of broken core is reduced.The grain refining agent and the method of wrapping the ceramic fibre were used to eliminate the columnar crystal defect at the exhausting side.By changing the filter network position and controlling dross,the metallurgical slag scrap rate was decreased.Based on the mentioned above,the quality of investment casting turbine blade was improved.
摘要:Diamond/Al-Cu matrix composites were fabricated successfully by a vacuum hot press method.The thermal expansion coefficient(CTE)and thermal conductivity(TC)of diamond/pure Al composites can be optimized with adding a small amount of Cu powders.The results show that the CTE of diamond/Al-Cu matrix composites with 50% diamond content reaches(7.311.3)×10-6/℃ between room temperature to 300 ℃ and the TC is 325 W/(m·K)at room temperature.
关键词:Electronic Packaging;Diamond/Al-Cu Matrix Composites;Vacuum Hot Press Sintering
摘要:A novel iron-based surface composites was prepared successfully with composite layer thickness of more than 25 mm through choosing large size reinforcing particles and improving the way of iron infiltrated ceramic preform as well as optimizing the wetting behavior between molten iron and ceramic particles based on a new preparing method.The composites prepared were grinded against wheel and installed to run.The results indicate that the new iron-based surface composites is lower significantly than the high chromium cast iron materials in wear tate.
摘要:Cu-coated SiC particle was prepared by chemical plating,and the performances including morphologies,microstructure,phase constitution and mechanical behavior of SiC and Cu-SiC particulate reinforced magnesium matrix composites(SiCp/AZ91 Dand Cu-SiCp/AZ91D)were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffractmeter(XRD)and UTM4304 universal tensile testing machine,respectively.It shows that SiC particle reinforced magnesium matrix composites are composed ofα-Mg and Mg2 Si phases mainly,and the grain is further refined with adding Cu-SiC into AZ91 D,meanwhile,the layeredα+βphase appears surrounding the Mg2 Si phase.The mechanical properties of SiCp/AZ91 Dand Cu-SiCp/AZ91 Dcomposites are significantly better than those of AZ91 Dalloy matrix,and the tensile strength of Cu-SiCp/AZ91 Dcould reach to 195.7MPa.During room lemperature tensile testing,AZ91 Dshows the obvions brittle fracture,while SiCp/AZ91 Dand Cu-SiCp/AZ91 Ddisplay ductil fracture and quasi-cleavage fracture respectively.
摘要:In production process of copper alloy cooler cover,leakage can be observed in the cooling cover due to casting defects in the water testing,which can’t meet the quality requirement.The macrostructure and microstructure of casting defects in the cooler cover were observed by SEM(scanning electron microscopy),and the chemical composition was analyzed to understand origination of casting defects.The results reveal that the casting defects are attributed to formation of oxide inclusion and shrinkage cavity caused by incomplete feeding.The casting defects can be eliminated by controlling the smelting rate and casting temperature as well as optimizing gating system.The numerical simulation of the casting process was carried out with the help of the ProCAST software.The results of the trial production are well in agreement with the numerical ones,and leakage can be solved.
摘要:The forming technology for reducing valve was analyzed,and the HPb59-1brass reducing valve was produced by hot extrusion process.In addition,the finite element model of the hot extrusion forming for the reducing valve was established to simulate liquid metal flow during the forming process of the reducing valve.Based on the simulated results,hot extrusion technology was presented and the die was designed.The practical application shows that the reducing valve can be produced by hot extrusion process.
摘要:In order to develop a Ni-low or Ni-free Ti-based metallic glass for biomedical application,Ti40Cu39Zr10Ni11-xSnx(x=0,3,7,11,atom fraction,%)metallic glass ribbons were prepared by melt-spinning method.The amorphous characteristics and thermodynamic performance of the metal glass were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and differential scanning calorimeter(DSC).The bio-corrosion resistance of the metallic glass was evaluated by electrochemical workstation phosphate buffered saline(PBS)at 37℃.The corrosion morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Effects of Sn substituted for Ni on the thermal stability and bio-corrosion resistance were described.The results show that with Sn addition,Ti40Cu39Zr10Ni11-xSnx(x=0,3,7,11)alloy exhibits amorphous structure,and the thermal stability of Ti40Cu39Zr10Sn11 can be improved slightly compared with that of Ti40Cu39Zr10Ni11,however,the bio-corrosion resistance is improved obviously.Ti40Cu39Zr10Sn11 metallic glass can be used as potential biological medical material.
摘要:Effects of grain boundary,second phase and texture on the anisotropy of casting-rolling Al-Mn alloy sheet were analyzed.The results show that the yield strength in direction of 0°,45°,90°relative to the casting-rolling aluminium sheet reaches up to 158.51 MPa,141.78 MPa,164.32 MPa,respectively.Meanwhile,the planar anisotropy index(IPA)of yield strength,tensile strength and elongation are more than 8,which means that the casting-rolling aluminium sheet exhibits anisotropy.The grain in casting-rolling aluminium sheet exhibits elongated grain strip structure,and the primary textures in casting-rolling aluminium sheet include mainly{112}<111> texture and {123}<634> texture.The shape of the second phase size exhibits asymmetrical structure with heterogenerous distribution.The anisotropy of mechanical properties of the alloy is dominated by the grain boundary,second phase and crystallographic texture based on joint action.
摘要:Effects of 0.10% 0.30% Sc modification on microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 alloy were investigated.The results show that the primaryαphase in A356 alloy can be refined significantly,which are changed from coarse dendrite into fine non-directional dendrites,and a number ofαphase in form of rosette and granular can be observed.The desirable refinement of theαphase in A356 alloy is obtained with 0.20% Sc.Meanwhile,the size of eutectic silicon in the alloy is decreased significantly by adding Sc,and the shape of the eutectic silicon is changed from coarse acicular into vermicular and spot ones.The mechanical properties of as-cast A356 with 0.20% Sc reach 210.58 MPa in tensile strength(σb),100.48 MPa in yield strength(σ0.2),6.5%in elongation(δ)and 67.5HB in hardness,respectively.
摘要:Heat resistant Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy engine piston was produced by metal gravity casting.Various defects encountered in the filling and solidification process were analyzed and eliminated by modifying the processing technology.The results show that the misrun defects in the piston skirt,piston top and feeding riser can be eliminated by increasing the cross-sectional area of runner.The coldshut defects in the piston pin-hole and skirt can be prevented by increasing the wall thickness of piston pin-hole and improving the preheating temperature to 250 ℃.The slag and cold-shut defects in the filling process can be inhibited by deleting the feeding riser near the runner.Amounts of secondary phases are distributed along grain boundary in the as-cast microstructure of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy piston.Some secondary phases are dissolved into theα-Mg matrix after T6 treatment,so the Vichers-hardness of piston skirt reaches 158.
摘要:Influences of processing parameters and modification on microstructure of primary silicon in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys were investigated by optical microscope and Image Pro metallographic analysis software.The results show that the primary Si can be refined significantly by controlling pouring temperature,mold temperature and addition content of modifier,and effect of modifier is much greater than pouring temperature,mold temperature.When the pouring temperature is 760℃or mold temperature is200 ℃,the primary silicon particle size in solidification structure is less than 90μm,while phosphate salts modifier is 0.8% or Cu-14 Pmaster alloyis 0.4%,the size of primary silicon is less than 20μm.
摘要:Influences of rare-earth elements such as Y and Gd on the high temperature mechanical properties and microstructure of T4 treated AM60 magnesium alloy were investigated by tensile testing and OM(optical microscopy)and SEM(scanning electron microscopy).The results show that rare-earth elements Y and Gd can restrian the AM60 alloy from softening through solid solution strengthening,and decrease the Mg17Al12 content as well as improving the softness and coarseness of the Mg17Al12 phase at130 ℃.The high melting new phases of Y,Gd with Al,Mg can enhance behavior alloy at 130 ℃.The tensile strength of the alloy with Y and Gd addition can reach 227 MPa and 236 MPa in as-cast and T4 treated conditions,increased by 12.4% and by 13.5%,respectively,compared with those of AM60 alloy with absence of RE addition.
关键词:Rare-Earth Element;AM60Magnesium Alloy;High Temperature Tensile Mechanical Properties
摘要:Effects of different ultrasonic volumetric power density and holding time on AZ31 magnesium alloy melt purification by ultrasonic field were investigated.The results indicate that the ultrasonic treatment can accelerate separation of inclusions in the melt and realize melt purification.The desirable ultrasonic volumetric power density is 0.30 W/cm3,and increase of the holding time appropriately is beneficial for purification.The more inclusions the ingot has,the lower conductivity is,so the conductivity can characterize the level of purification.
摘要:In order to solve the poor corrosion resistance of the high rare earth magnesium alloy,the surface of magnesium alloy was treated by micro-arc oxidation to improve its corrosion resistance.For the micro-arc oxidation process,ladder step-down method was employed to control the energy of oxidized film formation at different stages,and the various process parameters were optimized by the orthogonal experiment.With the help of OM(optical microscopy),XRD(X-ray diffraction)and SEM(scanning electron microscopy),oxidized film layer thickness,phase constituent and surface morphology of the orthogonal testing samples were analyzed,and the optimized processing parameters were presented in the case of this electrolyte composition:sodium silicate of 15g/L,sodium tetraborate of 30g/L,natrium hydroxydatum of 20g/L,triethanolamine of 15mL/L,nickelous acetate of 0.12g/L and Na-Citrate of5g/L.
摘要:Solidified structure and mechanical properties of Mg97Y2Cu1 alloy reinforced by long period ordered structure were investigated comparatively,under the condition of without treatment,with pulsed magnetic field(PMF)treatment,ultrasonic treatment and compound treatment of ultrasonic and pulsed magnetic field.Morphology of primary phase and mechanical properties of the alloy at room and high temperature with different vibration temperatures under compound treatment were analyzed.The results reveal that solidified structure and mechanical properties of the alloy can be improved by compound treatment.Refinement effect of solidified structure by compound treatment is more superior to that of ultrasonic treatment or pulsed magnetic field treatment ones.Primary phase in the alloy can be refined greatly,which is transformed from developed dendrites into equiaxed or rosette-shaped crystal.Meanwhile,distribution of second phase becomes more uniform and continuous with the increase of volume fraction along grain boundary.Tensile strength and elongation of the alloy are increased by up to 30.1%and 119.6%,respectively,compared with those of the alloy under traditional condition.
关键词:Pulsed Magnetic Field;Ultrasonic;Compound Treatment;Mg97Y2Cu1 Alloy