最新刊期
卷 33 ， 期 9 ， 2013
- 摘要：Effects of melt temperature on microstructures and mechanical properties of A357 alloy fabricated by vacuum counter-pressure casting with grade-pressurizing solidification were investigated.The results show that the melt temperature affects greatly relative density,microstructure and mechanical properties of A357 alloy in vacuum counter-pressure casting with grade-pressurization solidification.The higher relative density can be obtained by increasing solidification pressure at 590℃,which is beneficial to the smooth channel due to the intense feeding flow formed crashing and breaking the primary to improve the relative density,and broken primary dendrite can be acted as new nuclei to transform the dendrite into equiaxed and refine grain size,so the desirable comprehensive mechanical properties are presented.关键词：Vacuum Counter-Pressure Casting;Melt Temperature;Feeding Flow;Microstructure
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：The rare earth Gd was selected as the refiner for A356 alloy,and the alloy melt was held with 10℃ up and below the eutectic temperature for several minutes before the pouring to observe effects of RE-Al eutectic temperature on the morphology and size of the primaryαphase in A356 alloy.The results indicate that the desirable morphology and smaller grain size of primaryαphase can be obtained with holding below the eutectic temperature of Al-Gd for the A356-Gd alloy.By calculating the planar disregistry,it is found that the eutectic reaction GdAl3 can be used as the heterogeneous nuclei of α-Al to refine grain size.关键词：A356 Alloy;Rare Earth Element Gd;Refinement Mechanism;Semisolid.
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Trace elements Sc and Zr were added into the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys,and the differences of the microstructures and properties of the alloy prepared were compared in gravity casting and in squeeze casting.The results show that through the addition of trace elements Sc and Zr,as-cast microstructure of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys is refined effectively,and dendrite segregation is relieved,so the mechanical properties of alloy are improved.Through squeeze casting,the compactness of the alloys is improved,and the probability of occurrence of shrinkage porosity（holes）and segregation are decreased.In addition,the grain can be refined by the pressure on the alloy melt.Combined the element Sc-Zr microalloying with squeeze casting,Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with uniform,compact,little defect microstructures can be obtained,which provides a new way to the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy forming.
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：A fuzzy parameter self-tuning PID control algorithm of high-precision controller was designed for vacuum furnace separation solder（Sn-Pb binary alloy）temperature control.Tuning can be obtained through a more ideal control parameters.The application of control system for the vacuum smelting separation solder from a company shows that vacuum furnace temperature control system quality has been improved greatly,realizing the separation of Sn-Pb binary alloy.Compared with the original control system,it exhibits the advantages of shortening control time,reducing energy consumption,improving control accuracy and product quality.关键词：Fuzzy Parameter Self-Tuning PID;Vacuum Smelting;Separation Sn-Pb Binary Alloy
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：The precision electroforming process for the Ni-Co alloy in sulfamate system was investigated.The sulfur-containing high purity nickel in titanium blue was selected as anode and the core-die was selected as cathode which was treated by oil removal and electrochemical treatment.Effects of process conditions on electroforming layer were tested,such as the internal stress,composition,hardness,and tensile strength of the Ni-Co alloy electroformed deposit.The results show that,with the concentration of Ni2+ of 72g·L-1,average current density of 8A·dm-2,Co2+ concentration of 10g·L-1,the electroformed deposit exhibits the best performance.关键词：Ni-Co Alloy;Sulfamate;Electroforming Process
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Nano-Sm2O3/Co-based composite coating was prepared on low carbon steel surface by transverse flow CO2 laser.The microstructure,phase compositions,micro-hardness,and wear resistance of the laser cladding layers were analyzed and tested by optical microscope,X-ray diffractometer,microhardness equipment and MM 200 circle-mass friction and wear testing ring.The results show that the cladding coating is composed of γ-Co,Cr23C6,Fe7Sm and ε-Co.A"bright band"can be observed on the bonding position,showing good metallurgical bonding between coating and alloy powder.Uniform and fine dendrite can be observed in cladding layer of the nano-Sm2O3/Co based alloy coating with the fading of the orientation of dendrite,meanwhile,with the increase of nano-Sm2O3 content,the microstructure is more and more homogeneous.With Sm2O3 addition,the micro-hardness and wear resistance of coatings are improved,and when nano-Sm2O3 is 1.0%,the micro-hardness and wear resistance of coatings exhibit desirable.关键词：Laser Cladding;Sm2O3;Co-Based Alloy;Micro-hardness;Wear-resistance
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Based on the virtual heat transfer bench and the comparison with experimental results,numerical simulation has been performed with different structural parameters and the injection parameters in the practical industrial applications.Surface convective heat transfer coefficient was presented.Characteristic number equation is Nu =0.254Re0.72 Pr0.42 Ar0.29（H Dh）-0.14.关键词：Slot Gas Impinging;Heat Transfer;Characteristic Number Equation;Numerical Simulation
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Based on casting process of large SKT machine tool bed,the filling and solidification process were simulated by the Anycasting software.In addition,influences of the process parameters on the shrinkage rate were analyzed according to the simulated calculation.The results show that the lowest casting defects rate can be observed with the filling temperature of 1 300℃,the filling speed of 1.8m/ s,and chill of 80mm in thickness.Through adopting the optimized parameters during pouring process,shrinkage porosities（holes）defects are efficiently eliminated in the SKT machine tool bed,meeting the requirement of actual production.关键词：Machine Tool;Heavy Iron Casting;Computer Simulation
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：To obtain billet with small and spherical grain structure,the ingot of ZK60-2Ca magnesium alloy was prepared by two-phase region casting,and then the ingot was partially remelting by electric resistance furnace.The results indicate that desirable thixotropic microstructure in the ingot prepared can be obtained by proper controlling remelting temperature and holding time.Using the water-cooled copper mould,desirable thixotropic microstructure can be obtained at 610℃ for 1015min,where the average diameter of grain reaches 32.36μm and the roundness is 1.68.With the graphite mould,the average grain diameter is 33.61μm and the roundness reaches 1.47.Meanwhile,the cooling rates during casting also affect the partial remelting progress.Through reducing the cooling rate properly,the uniformity and stability of the partial remelting microstructure are improved.关键词：ZK60 Magnesium Alloy;Two-Phase Region Casting;Partial Remelting;Microstructure
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：The new process of low pressure casting aluminum alloy intake manifold for automobile was introduced.Process analysis and mould design were conducted according to the product characteristics.Through practical production,the feasibility of the process and the rationality of the mould design were verified.关键词：Aluminum Alloy Intake Manifold;Low Pressure Casting;Process Analysis;Mould Design
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Through canceling normalizing before the traditional quenching and tempering process on ZG45 and ZGD650-830,influence of quenching+high temperature tempering process on the mechanical properties and microstructure of investment casting steel was analyzed.The results show that the mechanical properties and the microstructure of the investment steel casting after quenching at（920±10）℃and high temperature tempering at（660±10）℃ are near to those of normal tempering steel castings,which could replace completely the traditional tempering process,meeting control standard.关键词：Investment Casting;Tempering Process;ZG45;ZGD650-830
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Investment casting 3Cr13valve plate with cutting-free was conducted though using silica sol as the binder and middle-temperature wax pattern,which required the valve plate and the sealing surface without any defect and not to use the welding repair grinding method to repair the seal surface.In the trial production process,there exists the size deviation,beans,pitting surface.Through strictly controlling the investment process parameters and the workshop environment temperature,low temperature treatment for shell before dewaxing,controlling shell baking and pouring temperature,dimension of valve plate size met tolerance range.Beans were eliminated by breathing at the first stuccoing and prewetting at the second stuccoing.Through lighting wood to cover tin bucket to realize the casting solidification in reducing atmosphere,the pitting surface was eliminated.关键词：Investment Casting;Shell;Valve Plate;Dimensional Tolerances;Beans;Pit
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Total drawing stress for cross section of metal sleeve was analyzed,which comes from self mass of metal sleeve and centrifugal force of molten metal,aiming at the operating condition of large or middle centrifugal machine in condition of high speed rotating and high temperature molten metal.The new calculating equation was presented for reference to quantitatively analyzing crack accident of the metal sleeve in centrifugal machine mould.关键词：Centrifugal Casting;Large and Middle Casting Mould;Metal Sleeve
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：The finite element model of 42CrMo ring slab was established based on the ProCAST software to simulate centrifugal casting process for large bearing ring.Effects of processing parameters on the microstructure of the ring slab were analyzed.The results show that the pouring temperature is dominant in controlling grain size.However,effects of centrifugal rotating velocity on the microstructure of 42CrMo slab can be ignored.With heat transfer coefficient increased from 1 000 W/（K·m2）to 2 000 W/（K·m2）,grain size of the casting slab is decreased rapidly.关键词：Processing Parameters;Microstructure;Numerical Simulation;Solidification
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：<正>1概述下水道篦板需求量大,用传统的砂型铸造生产,效率较低。消失模铸造技术具有生产周期短的特点,在批量生产中尤为显著。利用消失模铸造生产下水道篦板,显著缩短了生产周期。篦板结构见图1,壁厚为20mm,材质为HT250。其技术要求为:①篦板表面平整,变形量小于5mm,无粘砂、多肉等铸造缺陷;②孔内壁光滑,无粘砂缺陷。
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：The AZ31 alloy ingot with diameter of 110mm and length of 3 500mm was fabricated successfully by the optimized semi-continuous method with pouring temperature of 680℃,casting speed of 95mm/min and cooling water of 3 500L/min.The composition and microstructure of the alloy ingot prepared at different locations were investigated by ICP analyzer,OM（optical microscope）and SEM（scanning electron microscope）.The results reveal that the chemical composition is distributed homogeneously in the whole alloy ingot.The average grain size is increased from the surface to the center.The EDS and element line-scanning results indicate that the eutectic compounds are mainly composed of β-Mg17Al12 and a small amount of β-Mg17（AlZn）12.In addition,the tensile tests were carried out at ambient temperature to understand the mechanical properties of the alloy ingot.The results indicate that slight improvements of the strength and ductility can be observed from the center to the surface along the axial direction of the alloy ingot,and both the strength and elongation of the samples along the radial direction are higher than those along the axial direction.The fine grain strengthening is the main contributors to the strength of the as-casted AZ31 alloy.关键词：AZ31 Magnesium Alloy;Semi-continuous Casting;Microstructure;Mechanical Properties
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：The Al matrix and A359 matrix composites were fabricated by direct melt reaction method in novel system Al-Zr（CO3 ）2and A359-Zr（CO3）2.The wear properties of 12%（Al3Zr+ Al2O3）p/Al and12%（Al3Zr+Al2O3）p/A359composites were investigated.The results show that wear resistance of the two composites prepared is superior to that of A359matrix,and the wear resistance of 12%（Al3Zr+Al2O3）p/A359is evidently superior to that of 12%（Al3Zr+ Al2O3）p/Al composites.The wear mechanism of the（Al3Zr+ Al2O3）p/A359is characterized by abrasive wear,while the（Al3Zr+ Al2O3）p/Al composites are characterized by the mixed wear of adhesive and abrasive wear.关键词：Matrix;Particles;Composites;Wear Mechanism
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：The diffusion couples of Mg-RE were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）and electro-probe microanalyzer（EPMA）in order to understand the diffusion behaviors of rare earth elements such as Y、Gd、Nd.The results show that with holding for a long time at a given temperature,there exists a obvious diffusion layer at the contact interfaces of the Mg-Y,Gd,Nd diffusion couples and the solubility of the solute is decreased along the direction of diffusion.The diffusion constants and activation energy of diffusion of Y、Gd、Nd reach 4.0、6.2、31.3×10-9 m2/s and 76.592、76.073、83.556kJ· mol-1,respectively.The diffusion coefficients are increased with increasing in the temperature.At a certain temperature,the diffusion coefficient of the three elements is followed as:DY关键词：Mg-RE Diffusion Couple;EPMA;Diffusion Coefficient
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Effects of Sulphur and RE on the modification of Fe-rich intermetallics in recycled Al-Si alloys contained lower Mn、Fe were investigated.Microstructure morphology of the alloy samples was observed by optical microscope（OM）and scanning electric microscope（SEM）,and phases constituent was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray（EDX）.The results indicate that S can promote transformation of skeleton-likeα-Fe phase from needle-like β-Fe phase,and the size of α-Fe phase is increased with increasing in Sulphur content.When Surphur and RE are added,concentration of RE in front of solid-liquid interface can refine skeleton-likeα-Fe phase by influencing nucleation and growth rate of skeletonl-likeα-Fe phase.关键词：Sulphur;Fe-Rich Intermetallics;Modification;Recycled Al-Si Alloys;Rare Earth
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Effects of extrusion temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ81 magnesium alloy were investigated by optical microscope（OM）,SEM（scanning electron microscope）and tensile testing.It is found that extrusion deformation can fine the grain size of magnesium alloy and generate the equiaxed grains as well as increasing its mechanical properties remarkably as a result of dynamic recrystallization.At 370 ℃400 ℃,the grains size is coarsened,resulting in the decrease of the strength and plasticity gradually with the increase of the extrusion temperature,however,they are still higher than those of the as-cast one.In the experiment,the AZ81 magnesium alloy with extruded at 370 ℃ and extrusion ratio of 32 can obtain homogeneous microstructure and desirable mechanical properties.关键词：AZ81 Magnesium Alloy;Extrusion Temperature;Dynamic Recrystallization;Microstructure
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：According to the characteristics of AZ60 magnesium alloy materials,the multi-position progressive die for automobile gasket was designed.Through the relevant analysis and comparison,the design was designed to improve the design efficiency and decrease manufacturing cost.关键词：AZ60 Magnesium Alloy;Car;Multi Station Progressive Die
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：The aluminum foams with uniform pore structure,different densities and apertures were fabricated using pure aluminum as raw material,calcium powder as tackifier,TiH2 as foaming agent,and by controlling calcium and TiH2 content as well as foaming temperature.The fabrication process is stable and easy to be controlled and adjusted.The optimized process parameters for the aluminum foam with pore aperture less than 1.2mm are presented as follows:the tackifying temperature of 850870 ℃,1.5%2.0% addition of tackifier,and the tackifier stirring speed of 800r/min for 1.52min,the foaming temperature of 690700℃,1.0%1.5%addition of blowing agent and foaming stirring speed of 1000r/min for 1.52min as well as the holding time of 2.54min.关键词：High-Density;Small Aperture;Aluminum Foam
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Effects of vibration casting and modification on gas holes and microstructure of ZL101 alloy were investigated.The results show that vibration can promote the gas precipitation in solidification process to decrease the formation of pinholes,improving the quality of ZL101 alloy.Vibration casting plays an important role in refining grain,restraining the growth of columnar crystals and dendrite and improving formation of fine equiaxed crystal.Modification combining with vibration casting exhibits the desirable effect,where fine equiaxed grain is dominant in the microstructure of the ZL101 alloy.关键词：ZL101 Alloy;Aluminum Alloy;Vibration Casting;Modification.
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Effects of different Mn content on iron phase morphology were investigated by optical microscopy（OM）,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,energy dispersive spectrum（EDS）,and the phase diagram analysis was carried out by the Thermal-calc software.The results show that a new compound is generated with Mn and Fe during the crystallization and solidification,which makes the needle shaped β-Al5 FeSi phase transform into particle shaped or Chinese scriptα-Al（Mn,Fe） Si phase.A356 alloy crystal phase during solidification consists ofα-Al,α-Al（Mn,Fe）Si,β-Al5FeSi and Mg2Si.Phase diagram analysis reveals that with the increase of Mn content,the precipitation temperature ofα-Al（Mn,Fe）Si is raised,which is beneficial for the growth ofα-Al（Mn,Fe）Si phase to form the dendritic or Chinese script Fe phase.关键词：A356 Alloy;Iron Phase;Phase Diagram;Morphology
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：The isothermal constant strain rate compression tests of TA15 titanium alloy with Widmanstatten and basketweave microstructure were carried out by THERMECMASTOR-Z hot working simulator testing machine in the range of 750℃950℃ and strain rate range of 0.001s-110s-1 in alpha and beta phase Zone.Effect of original structure on plastic flow behavior were appraoched.The results indicate that the stress-strain curves of TA15 titanium alloy are characterized by strain-softening types.The flow softening resulted from the spheroidization of lamellar alpha phase is increased with decreasing in deformation temperature and increasing in strain rate.The degree of flow softening of basketweave microstructure is greater than that of Widmanstatten microstructure at the same hot deformation parameter,which is attributed to the different spheroidization percentage of alpha phase caused by different hot deformation activation energy.关键词：TA15 Titanium Alloy;Lamellar Microstructure;Flow Softening;Deformation Activation En ergy;Spheroidization
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Effects of solution treatment temperatures and time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-5Fe alloy were investigated.The experimental results reveal that more undissolved second phase is remained in the alloy with a lower solution temperature,resulting in the low concentration of solid solution strengthening phase,the poor strengthening effect and the low performance of the aged alloy,while with a higher solution temperature,serious over-burning and oxidation of grain boundary which deteriorates the alloy’s mechanical properties occurs in the alloy.With a short solution time,as a result of the less dissolution of strengthening phase,mechanical properties of the Al-Fe alloy are decreased,while with long solution time,grain is grown with the in crease of size,resulting in the coarseness of grain boundary and the decrease of mechanical properties of the alloy.关键词：Al-5Fe Alloy;Rolling;Solid Solution Treatment;Strength;Elongation
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Lead sleeve is a connected part on the battery.Through analyzing factors influencing the quality of the lead sleeve,pouring and mould structure as well as feeding system were modified.Practical production shows that through modified processing procedure,crack and gas hole in the castings can be eliminated effectively,and quality of the buttery can meet the requirements.关键词：Lead Sleeve;Pouring Process;Mould
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Effects of Cu,Si and Ti on microstructure and properties of Zn-Al alloy which was optimized by orthogonal test were investigated with optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,impact testing and so on.The results show that the optimum alloy composition of the Zn-4Al alloy is Zn-4Al-1.25 Cu-0.04Ti,and its impact toughness is 85.5J/cm2.The Zn-Al eutectic alloy has the worst impact resistance.Si addition can deteriorate seriously the impact properties.Ti and Cu can refine the microstructure in the Zn alloy and improve the mechanical properties.
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：Interfacial reactions of SAC305/Ni-P and SACBN/Ni-P were investigated at 403,433,463K for 100,400,700,1000hours.The results show that（Cu,Ni） 6Sn5 and（Ni,Cu）3Sn4 intermetallic compound layer are generated at the interface between the two solders and electroless Ni-P after isothermal aging;and the（Ni,Cu）3Sn4 appeares between the（Cu,Ni）6Sn5 layer and Ni-P layer.Meanwhile,with the increase of aging time or aging temperature,thickness of the IMC layer is increased.The growth rate o f the intermetallic layers of the SACBN/Ni-P is a slightly hgiher than that of the SAC305/Ni-P during aging,and the growth rate of two solders’ IMC layer follows a liner relation with square root of aging time.The growth activation energy of IMC of SAC305/Ni-P and the SACBN/Ni-P is 65.18kJ/ mol and 58.36kJ/mol,respectively.关键词：SAC305/Ni-P;SACBN/Ni-P;Isothermal Aging;Interfacial Reaction;Electroless Ni-P
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：<正>鎏金马（见下页）[1]西汉（公元前202年-公元9年）中期通高62 cm,长76 cm质量25.55 kg青铜鎏金陕西茂陵博物馆藏1981年出土于陕西兴平的鎏金铜马[1],造型匀称雄健,通体鎏金,极显富丽堂皇,应属皇室贵族所有。鎏金又称镏金、金涂、涂金、火镀金。这种传统铜器表面装饰技术早在东周时期已出现（见图1）,西汉时期技艺和应用已趋于鼎盛（见图2）。是世界上最早应用鎏金技术的国家[2]。
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：<正>20130901铝合金研究会.铝合金铸造的最近技术动向（20092011）.铸造工学（日）,2012,84（9）,11:626-636.从20092011年的铸造工学、轻金属、素形材、Acta Materialia,Applied Surface Science,Acta Metallurica Sinica（English Letters）,AFS Trans,Computational Materials Science,Composite Part A,Composite Part B,J.of Materials Processing Technology,J.of Materials Science&Technology,Material Science and Engineering A,Material Science and Engineering B,Materials&Design,Metallurgical and Materials Trans.A（B）等期刊中抽出了221篇文献,按照熔化、凝固、热处理、材料特性、工艺、铸件产品、复合材料分类,对铝合金铸造技术的新动向进行了归纳总结。20130902胡瑞峰,吕孟宪,李宗翰.车用A390高硅铝合金的混酸电解上色过程研究.铸造工程学刊,2011,37（4）:21-32.针对高硅含量的A390铝合金阶梯形铸件,探讨其在硫酸,硫酸铜和硫酸亚铁3种混合酸的电解上色阳极处理中,不同铸件厚度,电流密度和电解上色时间等工艺参数对铸件电解上色效果的影响,以得到此种车用铝合金的最优电解上色阳极处理条件。研究发现,不同厚度的A390铝合金铸件的混合酸电解上
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发布时间：2024-04-01 - 摘要：<正>20130901用消失模铸造双金属双溶液复合破碎机锤头的方法,CN102806315A,2012.12.05,遵义宏远耐磨铸钢有限公司.用消失模铸造双金属双熔液复合破碎机锤头的方法,其步骤如下:由模样组成的模组中使锤柄朝下,工作面朝上设置;模样组成模组是用主浇道、内浇道、溢流槽和横浇道连接而成;溢流槽为锤柄材质,此浇口上口平面为锤柄材质的浇注分界线,上部为锤头材质的直浇口及主浇道;熔炼:同时将上述锤头材质和锤柄材质由两炉分别熔炼,锤头材质炼至1450℃出炉;锤柄材质炼至1550℃出炉;浇注:以1450℃先浇注锤柄材质钢水,随即将溢流槽流出的钢水,在砂箱外用耐火泥堵塞,接着再
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发布时间：2024-04-01
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