摘要:Semi-solid slurry was prepared by an efficient and energy-saving technology that is superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring(LSPSES).Effects of the key processing parameters on the slurry were investigated.The results indicate that slurry meeted rheo-forming requirements can be prepared sucessfully by LSPSES.Morphology and size of primary α-Al phase in the semi-solid slurry are closely related with pouring temperature and stirring power.Through the proper weak electromagnetic stirring,pouring temperature of melt can be suitable raised to realize the high efficient and energy-saving.
关键词:Semisolid;Low Superheat Pouring;Slightly Electromagnetic Stirring;A356 Al Alloy
Wang Chunwei,Tang Jianjiang,Ou Ziyi,Su Guangcai,Ou Dequn,Xia Wei
Vol. 31, Issue 3, Pages: 201-203(2011)
摘要:Compression behavior and fracture morphology of AlCoCrCuFeNix high entropy alloy were investigated by compressive testing and SEM (scanning electron microscope) observation. The results show that both yield strength and compression strength of the alloy are firstly increased and then decreased, and AlCoCrCuFeNi alloy exhibits desirable comprehensive performance. With increasing in Ni content, fracture morphology is evolved from cleavage fracture to quasi-cleavage one and then to ductile one, meanwhile, the alloy is transformed from brittle into ductile ones.
摘要:Effects of annealing treatment on recovery stress of NiTi shape memory alloy were analyzed by tensile testing, recovery stress testing and TEM (transmission electron microscope). The results show that recovery stress reaches the maximum value with pre-strain of 12%. With increasing in annealing temperature, the recovery stress is decreased. Yield strength of the NiTi shape memory alloy is closely dependent on the recovery stress. With increasing in yield strength, recovery stress is increased as a result of the increase of phase interface migrant stress during the martensite reverse transformation process.
Wang Yongdong,Li Bairu,Wang Shuhua,Liu Xing,Zhu Yan
Vol. 31, Issue 3, Pages: 206-208(2011)
摘要:NbC reinforced Ni-based composite coating was fabricated on the surface of Q345 steel by means of argon arc cladding technique with powder of C, Nb and Ni60A. Microstructure and phase constituent of the coating were observed by SEM (scanning electron microscope) and XRD (X-ray diffraction), meanwhile, micro-hardness and ambient wear resistance of the coating were measured. It is found that absence of gas hole and crack in interface of composite coating with the matrix can be observed, exhibiting desirable metallurgical bonding. Microstructure of the composite coating is composed of γ-Ni, Cr23C6 and NbC. Micro-hardness of the composite coating reaches up to 1000, increased by approximately three times compared with that of the matrix alloy, and wear resistance is increased by approximately 11 times compared with the matrix.
Cao Fenghong1,Long Siyuan2,Zhang Yong3,Gerald S Cole4
Vol. 31, Issue 3, Pages: 209-212(2011)
摘要:Hot deformation behavior of as-extruded AZ81 magnesium alloy was investigated by compressive testing with the Gleeble-1500D thermal simulator at 320~440 ℃ and strain rate of 0.001~1s-1 with 60% deformation degree. The flow behavior can be described by the hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, and average activation energy reaches 182.17kJ/mol, higher than the activation energy for self-diffusion. The processing maps were calculated and analyzed according to the dynamic materials model. Combined with microstructure observation, process of hot deformation of as-extruded AZ81 magnesium alloy was analyzed. In conditions of 320~440℃ and strain rate of 0.001~1s-1 with 60% deformation degree, when instability criterion is more than zero, AZ81 magnesium alloy exhibits desirable hot deformation performance. Based on the processing maps, the optimized processing parameters range during hot deformation process were presented in the experimental parameters range, where hot deformation temperature was 380~400℃ and strain rate was 0.01~0.1s-1.
摘要:Effects of solid solution treatment on semi-solid microstructure of AM60B magnesium alloy were investigated by OM (optical microscope), XRD (X-ray diffraction). The results show that semi-solid structure with fine and uniform spherical primary phase can be observed in AM60B magnesium alloy billets which were treated for 16 hours at 415℃ and then partially remelted at 610℃. The β-Mg17Al12 phase is completely dissolved in the α-Mg matrix with solid solution treatment for 16 hours at 415℃. Remelting of coarsened dendrite from solid solution treatment results in the separation of structure in the semi-solid alloy with isothermal treatment at 610℃, which is responsible for the formation of desirable semi-solid slurry structure.
摘要:Optimization of gating system for steering pump shell based on the Anycasting software was conducted. Filling and solidification field of different pouring systems at different pouring temperatures were simulated and predicted by the software. With the help of post-processing module, probability and distribution of defects during pouring process were visualized. Through comparing different gating systems, optimized gating system was presented for practical production.
关键词:Steering Pump Shell;Gating System Optimization;AnyCasting Software
Wan Li1,Lin Hai1,Liu Houyao2,Chen Guoqiang2,Feng Jiaxiong2,Wu Zhanfang2,Yang Linfang2,Wu Shusen1
Vol. 31, Issue 3, Pages: 222-225(2011)
摘要:We have developed key techniques including vacuum valve and its control equipment for high vacuum die casting. The running principle of the vacuum valve is that exhausting channel is closed by a level arm driven by liquid pressure in the valve. Vacuum control apparatus uses PLC and touch screen technology to make sure reliable working state of valve. The vacuum die casting technology has been used for producing car chassis part, transmission box and 3G housing, and desirable effects are achieved.
关键词:Vacuum Valve;Vacuum Die Casting;Vacuum Control Apparatus;PLC
摘要:Based on mathematical principle and low pressure casting principle, when function relation between mould wall thickness and wheel wall thickness is δth=32λcλw, liquid metal can obtain the maximum temperature gradient on the mould surface. When δth is 1.8~2.2 at hot spot of low pressure casting aluminum alloy wheel, it is beneficial for rim feeding and solidification of hot spot, which is effectively verified by practical production and FEM analysis.
关键词:Low Pressure Casting;Aluminum Alloy Wheel;Temperature Gradient;Wheel and Mould Wall Thickness
摘要:Vacuum-assisted local supplement pressure technology was used to produce back wheel hub of magnesium alloy motorcycles. The mould was poured tangentially via the rim edges of the wheel with collected-residual alloy at center, effectively eliminating the inclusion and shrinkage hole (porosity) in hot spot in the wheel. Design of vacuum system and vacuum process could prevent oxidation and air entrapment, and the vacuum degree in the mould cavity could reach 2.9kPa. Local supplement pressure could avoid the formation of shrinkage hole resulted from different solidification rate from center of wheel hub to their edge. Meanwhile, some defects easily occurred in magnesium alloy production, such as cold shut, shrinkage hole, crack, inclusion, and deformation, were analyzed, and countermeasures were presented. Practical production verified that vacuum-assisted local supplement pressure could obtain desirable magnesium alloy wheel.
关键词:Magnesium Alloy;Wheel;Vacuum Die Casting;Local Supplement Pressure
摘要:Filling and solidification process of die casting 6063 aluminum bracket were simulated by the ProCAST software to obtain the distribution and change of velocity and temperature field. The results indicate that the factors influencing filling process are as follows in sequence: pouring temperature, pre-heating temperature of mould, filling velocity. The desirable aluminum alloy bracket was successfully produced with pouring temperature at 600℃ and pre-heating temperature of mould at 200℃ as well as filling velocity at 2.5 m/s.
摘要:In accordance with the characteristics of thin wall, large wrapping area and structure complexity, the side gate feeding, a mechanism with a angle pin and a side for side core pushing were adopted in castings. There were 8 overflow wells in the mould, and overflow well with maximum capacity was set on the molding slide, resolving the mould release.
关键词:Side Gate;Molding Slides;Side Parting;Overflow Well
摘要:6063 aluminum alloy sheet with size in 3~4 mm was manufactured by indirectional squeezing casting with two-cavity in one-mold. A squeezing casting mould was designed to ensure the smooth filling of liquid metal in indirectional squeezing casting. Design of the mould was conducted.
摘要:Purpose and operation key notes of trialed-mould of die casting die were described briefly. Effects of processing parameters on quality of the castings and principle of parameter adjustment were approached. Defects in die casting trialed-parts were analyzed, and countermeasures were presented.
Wan Qian1,Dong Puyun1,Bai Yanfei1,Gao Junmin2,Fu Guanglin3,Zhao Haidong1
Vol. 31, Issue 3, Pages: 242-245(2011)
摘要:Using digital quantitative image analysis system, effects of variation of equivalent area diameter and average area fraction of primary Si phase in different positions and Si particle diameters in super slow speed die casting hypereutectic Al-Si alloy on tensile strength and hardness of the alloy were investigated. The results reveal that with increasing in wall thickness, equivalent area diameter and equivalent area fraction of primary Si phase are increased. In addition, with increasing in equivalent area diameter, mechanical properties of the die casting hypereutectic Al-Si alloy is obviously improved.
关键词:Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy;Super Low Speed Die Casting;Microstructure;Mechanical Properties
摘要:The slag inclusion and gas hole defects were generated easily in EPC steel castings. The source, shape distribution and position where slag inclusion easily occur were analyzed. According to the filling behavior of molten steel, influence of the turbulent flow and wall attachment effects of filling molten steel on formation of slag inclusion were approached. Based on the thermodynamics and kinetics, the forming and floating mechanism of the slag inclusion in EPC steel castings were described. The approaches and ways of eliminating slag inclusion in EPC steel castings were presented.
关键词:EPC Steel Casting;Slag Inclusion;Forming and Discharging Mechanism
Sun Xiaoping1,Shi Lu1,Guan Renguo1,Na Xingjie1,Wen Jinglin1,Wang Shuncheng2,Qi Wenjun2
Vol. 31, Issue 3, Pages: 248-251(2011)
摘要:To effectively control the morphology of TiAl3 compound particle in microstructure of Al-Ti-B wire, effects of different electromagnetic stirring time and temperature on the size, shape and distribution of TiAl3 phase during electromagnetic stirring and CASTEX deformation of Al-Ti-B melt were investigated by OM (optical microscope), SEM (scanning electron microscope) and XRD (X-ray diffraction). The results show that with increasing in electromagnetic stirring time, the conglomeration of TiAl3 phase disappears, and particles are broken and refined with uniform distribution. Desirable refining effects can be observed at 300 min. Stirring temperature directly control the viscous force. With increasing in temperature, aggregating band of TiAl3 phase disappears with the improvement of particle distribution. Desirable electromagnetic stirring temperature is 800℃.
摘要:Developing present status of investment casting industry at home was reviewed. It was reported that the investment casting industry at home was in the road of resuscitation. It was pointed out that the high value-added and profit product was the developing future. Technologies and ways playing investment casting advantages were presented. From the view point of improving investment casting trade, it plays the role in co-research and improving human resource.
关键词:Investment Casting;Product;Challenge and Countermeasures
摘要:La0.6R0.2Mg0.2(NiCoAlMn)3.3 hydrogen storage alloys were prepared by induction melting and then treated by annealing process, and effects of rare earth R (R is La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Y) substituted for La on the structure and electro-chemical properties were investigated by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and EPMA. The results reveal that the La0.6R0.2Mg0.2(NiCoAlMn)3.3 hydrogen storage alloys consist of CaCu5-type phase as matrix and Ce2Ni7 and PuNi3-type as secondary phase. Addition of Ce, Pr, Nd is not changed the phase constituent of the alloy. However, CaCu5-type phase is decreased and Ce2Ni7-type phase is increased obviously with Y addition, and phase abundance of Ce2Ni7-type phase reaches 79.03%, meanwhile, Y addition can lead to the disappearance of Gd2Co7-type phase. Electrochemical measurements show that activation performance of the alloy is slightly affected by the Ce, Pr, Nd and Y element, however, maximum discharge capacities of the alloy are improved to some extent with Pr, Nd, Y substituted for La partially, in which maximum discharge capacity reaches up to 392.6 mAg/g with Y. In addition, cyclic stability of the alloys with Y substituted for La is increased obviously, increased by 90.3%.
关键词:La-R-Mg-Ni Based Hydrogen Storage Alloy;Microstructure;Electrochemical Property
Wang Jianji1,Yang Lili1,Zheng Lijing1,Yan Jie1,Xiao Zhixia1,Li Guoqiang2,Zhang Hu1
Vol. 31, Issue 3, Pages: 260-263(2011)
摘要:Effects of minor B and Y as well as cooling rate on compound refinement of microstructure of Ti+47Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy were investigated. The results show that in the condition of smelting with the water-cooled copper crucible vacuum induction skull furnace and investment casting with Y2O3 shell mold, grain size of Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb castings is greatly refined with B addition, where coarse columnar grain is converted into fine equaixed one, however, refining effects on lamellar spacing are absent. B and Y compound refinement can not only further effectively refine grain size, but also significantly refine the lamellar spacing. Macro-structure of Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb-0.8B-0.3Y alloy castings exhibits equiaxed grain with different thickness from 2 mm to 20 mm, meanwhile, with increasing in thickness of the castings, equiaxed grain size is gradually coarsened. It is beneficial for obtaining fine lamellar structure with proper decrease of pre-heating temperature of mold shell.
摘要:In-situ TiB2 particles reinforced Al-4.5Cu alloy composites were synthesized successfully by the reaction of halide salts of KBF4 and K2TiF6 with aluminum melt. Solidification structure and solid solution-aging behavior of the composites were investigated by XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscope) and Vickers hardness tester. The results show that with the addition of TiB2 particles, solidification structure of the composites is refined apparently with the great increase of hardness. TiB2 particles accelerate the aging process in the Al-4.5Cu alloy, which is attributed to the fact that vacancy and high density dislocation generate from thermal mismatch as a result of great thermal expansion coefficient difference between the TiB2 particles and the Al matrix promote nucleation and growth of the transition phase.
关键词:TiB2 Phase;Composites;Solid Solution and Aging;Dislocation
摘要:Magnesium matrix composites reinforced with 4% and 8% (in volumetric fraction) Al3Ti particles were fabricated by melt casting process. Microstructure, phase constituent, relative density, hardness and wear resistance of the composites were investigated. The results reveal that dense structure in the composites can be observed, and in-situ fine and spherical Al3Ti phase is uniformly distributed into the matrix alloy with the compact bonding. With increasing in volumetric fraction of Al3Ti phase, relative density is decreased and hardness is increased in the composites, however, wear resistance of the composites is slightly deteriorated. In addition, hardness and wear resistance of the Al3Tip/AZ91D composites are superior to those of the AZ91D alloy.
摘要:SiO2-ZrO2 sol-gel film was prepared on magnesium alloy AZ91D by sol-gel technique, and effects of drying and curing process on corrosion resistance of sol-gel film were investigated to determine the optimized deposition process of the SiO2-ZrO2 sol-gel film on magnesium alloy. Corrosion resistance of the sol-gel film was evaluated by total immersion testing and electrochemistry in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The results indicate that sol-gel film exhibits acceptable protection effects on the magnesium alloy substrate with drying for 9 hours at 80℃ and curing for 1 hours at 250℃, improving the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy.
Li Xuan,Chen Wei,Zhao Baorong,Xin Haiying,Zhai Jing,Chen Gang,Zhang Guowei
Vol. 31, Issue 3, Pages: 272-274(2011)
摘要:Microstructure evolution of spray-formed Mg-4Al-3Ca-1.5Zn alloy was observed by SEM (scanning electron microscope) and TEM (transmission electron microscope). The results reveal that strengthening phase in permanent mold casting alloy is precipitated along grain boundary, which is composed of C36\[(Mg,Al)2Ca\] and C14 phase (Mg2Ca). Uniformly distributed microstructure in spray-formed alloy can be observed, and strengthening phase is composed of C15 (Al2Ca) and C36 phases, in which rod or particle C15 phases are distributed into C36 matrix. Metastable C36 phase can be transformed into C15 phase after heeting treatment at high temperature. Dynamic recrystallization occurs in the alloy during hot extrusion process, and C36 phase is precipitated along grain boundaries.
摘要:Effects of electromagnetic stirring on microstructure of Bi-containing hypereutectic Al-Si alloy were observed by OM (optical microscope) and SEM (scanning electron microscope), and effect mechanism of electromagnetic stirring and Bi phase was analyzed. The results show that primary Si phase is greatly decreased in the presence of a little fine bulky phase, and acicular eutectic Si phase is increased with the occurrence of primary α-Al dendrite phase in electromagnetic stirred Bi-containing hypereutectic Al-Si alloy. With increasing in stirring velocity, morphology of eutectic Si phase is transformed from coarse acicular structure to fine acicular one to coarse acicular one. Meanwhile, segregation of Bi in the alloy can be obviously improved by electromagnetic stirring. With increasing in stirring velocity, distribution morphology of the Bi in the alloy is converted from bulky structure to short-rod one to spherical one to fine spherical one, tending to uniform distribution.
摘要:The morphological linear stability and non-linear stability of solid-liquid interface of Al-Zn dilute binary alloy were investigated by thermodynamics method. Different stable regions between linear-stability and nonlinear stability of solid-liquid interface were approached, which was calculated by the thermo-dynamic method and the linear binary parameter method, respectively. Interface morphology evolution after solid-liquid interface instability was analyzed, and sub-critical bifurcation range of solid-liquid interface was presented. The results reveal that the calculated results by coupling with thermo-dynamics method are more well in agreement with the experimental ones. Instable region calculated by the method is more than that by linear binary parameters, especially under linear-stability.
摘要:Growth of intermetallic compound of interface and tensile strength of Cu/Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu/Cu butting solder joints with aging treatment at 100, 125, 150 ℃ were investigated by SEM (scanning electron microscope), EDS (energy dispersive spectrometer and mechanical testing. Fracture morphology and fracture mode of the solder joint were evaluated. The results show that with increasing in aging time, thickness of interfacial IMC is increased, and its growth dynamics is accordant with parabolic law. The growth rate is accelerated with increasing in aging temperature, and activation energy reaches 90 kJ/mol. In addition, with increasing in aging time, tensile strength of the solder joint is decreased, and the fracture mechanism is transformed from pure shearing mode to micro-void accumulation one.
关键词:Sn-Ag-Cu Lead Free Solder Joint;Aging;Interfacial IMC;Tensile Strength;Fracture
摘要:Effects of ultrasonic vibration on solidification structure of Zn-55Al-1.6Si alloy were investigated. The results show that solidification structure of the alloy is apparently changed after ultrasonic treatment. With increasing in ultrasonic power, primary α phase is converted from coarse dendrite into fine and round rosette one. However, when ultrasonic power exceeds 200 W, with increasing in power, refining effects can be ignored. At a given ultrasonic power, solidification structure is also related with ultrasonic temperature. When vibration-stop temperature is below liquidus temperature, primary α phase is transformed into isotropic rosette and near spherical structure. Furthermore, the lower the vibration-stop temperature is, the finer the structure is. Coarse dendritic α-Al phase is transformed into fine spherical one with ultrasonic power of approximately 200W at 540~620℃.
摘要:Effects of different Sn additions on microstructure and mechanical properties of free-cutting Bi brass were investigated by Philips-XL30 SEM (scanning electron microscope) and HY-1080 electron tensile testing machine, and the cutting performance of the alloy was examined by C6136 horizontal lathe. The results show that Sn can effectively improve the property of the alloy by changing the distribution of Bi distribution to make Bi to move from the phase boundary into the α phase. However, when Sn content exceeds 2%, CuZnSn phase , a brittle electron compound, can be created in the alloy, resulting in the deterioration of mechanical properties. The cutting performance of the alloy is improved with increasing in Sn content.
Xiao Lairong,Liu Yan,Cai Zhenyang,Geng Zhanji,Wang Yan
Vol. 31, Issue 3, Pages: 290-292(2011)
摘要:Thermodynamic free energy of forming Cu2Mg phase in Cu-Zn-Mg alloy during melting casting process was calculated. The results reveal that the Gibbs free energy of forming Cu2Mg phase is lower than that of forming MgZn2 and CuMg2 phase between reaction of Cu and Mg in Cu60Zn37.64Mg2.36 alloy, leading to the easier creation of Cu2Mg phase. The experimental results are well in agreement with calculated ones.