摘要:Dendrite growth direction and SDAS(secondary dendrite arm spacing)are dominant effects in controlling solidification quality of electro-slag ingot.Grain growth and distribution of SDAS in the ingot at different casting velocities were simulated by the CAFE method to understand effects on solidification quality,in which moving transfer heat was adopted.The results show that growth direction of columnar grain is controlled by melt pool shape.With increasing in casting velocity,the angular between growth direction and rising direction of melt pool is enlarged,resulting in the deterioration of mechanical properties of the alloy.SDAS is a key point for determining the quality of electro-slag castings,which is the function of partial cooling rate.With increasing in melting velocity,SDAS is decreased,which is beneficial for the decrease of grain segregation and shrinkage porosity(hole)and improvement of casting quality.Casting velocity is dominant in electro-slag process.A higher or a lower casting velocity is harmful for the casting quality.
摘要:Effects of purity of A356 alloy on Sr modification loss were investigated.Eutectic Si phase in the Sr modified alloy exhibits fine coral-shape dendrite as a result of the obvious decrease of eutectic growth temperature.Sr modification loss is only 33% in refined liquid A356 alloy after 280 min,and apparent fading effects of Sr modification can not be observed,while,it reaches approximately 50% in liquid alloy without refined treatment after 160 min,and it is 78% after 220 min.
Suo Zhongyuan1,Song Yanling2,Wang Haibo1,Qiu Keqiang3
Vol. 31, Issue 2, Pages: 104-106(2011)
摘要:Zr41.2Ti13.8Ni10.0Cu12.5Be22.5 glassy coil spring with wire diameter of 4 mm and a mean diameter of 35 mm and 6 in coils was fabricated by vacuum-water quenching method.Microstructure,phase structure and thermal stability of the amorphous alloy spring were analyzed by the help of SEM(scanning electron microscope),XRD(X-ray diffraction),DSC(differential scanning calorimetry).The results reveal that the coil spring is completely composed of amorphous phase in the as-cast sample.Mechanical properties of the glassy coil spring were examined by digital spring pull-compressor.The results show that the rigidity of the glassy spring reaches 3.67N/mm,which is accordant with that of calculated ones.Storage energy of the spring reaches up to 245.6kJ,which is three times of that in 60Si2Mn alloy spring.
关键词:Glassy Coil Spring;Rigidity of Spring;Storage Energy;Water Quenching
摘要:Ni-based WC coating was fabricated on the surface of 45 type steel by cold spraying method,and remelting coating was obtained by high frequency induction heating technology.Composition,microstructure and interface morphology of the casting were observed by OM(optical microscope),SEM(scanning electron microscope)and XRD(X-ray diffraction)to understand effects of remelting temperatures on microstructure and hardness distribution of the coating.In addition,through wear testing,the wear behavior of Ni-based WC coating was analyzed comparatively with that of Ni60 and T10 steel.It is found that compact Ni-based coating with dispersedly distributed WC particle can be obtained by cold spraying integrated with high frequency induction heating.A white metallurgical bonding zone between coating and the steel matrix can be observed as a result of atom diffusion.Wear mechanism of the coating is characterized by abrasive wear and microplowing.Wear behavior of the Ni-based coating is superior to that of Ni60 coating and it is higher far away than that of T10 steel.
摘要:Tungsten coating with 1 mm in thickness was prepared on the copper substrate by plasma spraying technology,which was used for nuclear fusion equipment,meanwhile,properties of plasma sprayed tungsten coatings at vacuum and at air were comparatively analyzed,such as microstructure,porosity,impurity content,bonding strength and heat flux performance.The results reveal that the difference of heat flux of coatings at vacuum and at air is mainly attributed to the difference of porosities and impurity content.
Wang Zhongmin1,Zhang Zhongcheng1,Qin Sen1,Mao Lei1,Li Yiming2,Liu Haibin2
Vol. 31, Issue 2, Pages: 113-115(2011)
摘要:Effects of Zr,Y and Ba-Ca modifier on microstructure and properties of 00Cr25Ni7Mo4N stainless steel were investigated.The results show that castablity and mechanical properties of the stainless steel are greatly improved with the modifier addition as a result of refining grain size by inhibiting grain growth.Y modifier exhibits the most desirable modification effects,where fracture macro-shape is apparently improved,and grain size in fracture position is refined by 91% of un-treated samples.Meanwhile,isolated γ phase in the microstructure of the modified steel is obviously spheroidized and refined,and inclusions are decreased,leading to the increase of liquid steel fluidity and improvement of properties and elimination of the related defects.Mechanical properties of the modified steel are obviously improved as a result of refinement of microstructure,where tensile strength and yield strength are increased by 16.1% and 41.2%,respectively,with the desirable elongation of 19%.
关键词:00Cr25Ni7Mo4N;Zr、Y and Ba-Ca Modifier;Microstructure;Mechanical Properties
摘要:Effects of processing parameters,such as rolling speed,roller diameter,setback length and strip thickness,on position of solidification front and surface quality of the magnesium alloy strip were analyzed experimentally.The results indicate that at a fixed setback length and strip thickness,solidification front position is closely related to the rolling velocity,which further controls surface quality and macro-defect characteristics of the magnesium alloy strip.At the other given processing conditions,rolling velocity should be coordinated according with setback length and strip thickness to ensure the solidification front position in the optimized zone during twin-roll casting magnesium alloy process,which could stabilize process and improve the surface quality of the magnesium alloy strip.
摘要:Nucleation and grain growth model of 7050 aluminum alloy were established based on ProCAST-CAFE modules to predict the microstructural evolution of the alloy in condition of different ultrasonic powers.The results verify that,with increasing in ultrasonic power,nucleation rate in the aluminum alloy melt is increased,which results in the apparent refinement of grain size and uniform distribution of microstructure as well as fine average grain size.The simulated results are well in agreement with experimental ones.
摘要:Processing optimization of counter-pressure casting aluminum alloy cylinder was conducted by the Procast software.Shrinkage porosity(hole)can easily occur in the thick-wall position of the cylinder by observing temperature field in filling and solidification process.Sequential solidification can be realized by increasing pre-heating temperature of the mould and spraying thermal-conduction coating at thick-wall position,and qualified rate of the cylinder is raised.
摘要:Based on finite element inverse calculation method,relationship between heat transfer coefficient of A357 aluminum alloy casting/mold at air and water cooling conditions and cooling time were described,and precision boundary condition was presented.By applying the results,cooling behavior of the A357 aluminum alloy during solidification process and distribution of secondary dendrite arm spacing in the microstructure were simulated.The simulated results are well in agreement with experimental ones.
关键词:A357 Aluminum Alloy;Numerical Simulation;Heat Transfer Coefficient;Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing
摘要:Semi-solid A356 alloy slurry was prepared by adding RE element(Er)and weak electromagnetic stirring method.Microstructure of the prepared samples was investigated by OM(optical microscope),SEM(scanning electron microscope),TEM(transmission electron microscope)and EDS(energy dispersive spectrometer),and microstructure evolution was discussed.The results show that with 0.05% Er addition,primary α phase is converted from rosette structure into spherical ones.Grain size in the prepared alloy containing Er can be further refined with weak electromagnetic stirring at 625 ℃,obtaining the required semi-solid slurry.
摘要:Semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry with large volume was prepared by LSPSF.Effects of some processing parameters,such as pouring volume,rotating speed of the duct and cooling rate,on primary phase in microstructure of the prepared slurry were examined,and formation and evolution mechanism of the non-dendrite were described.The results show that A356 semi-solid slurry with large volume and desirable quality can be prepared by the LSPSF.The primary phase in the slurry exhibits near spherical non-dendrite structure,and average equivalent diameter and shape factor of the primary phase can make 5493.6 μm and 0.740.84,respectively.Meanwhile,efficiency of prepared slurry about 1 kg/s can be achieved.
Wang Liandeng1,Chen Yonglu3,Hong Lihua3,Zhu Dingyi2,Wei Zheliang1,Li Qiuju1
Vol. 31, Issue 2, Pages: 136-138(2011)
摘要:Effects of the melt treatment on the thin-wall processability of ADC12 alloy were investigated by the help of self-designed thin-walled die casting die in the condition of conventional die casting.The results reveal that the integrated melt treatment of ADC12 alloy can geatly improve the purity of melt and change significantly morphology of impurity and refine the average grain size to 52 μm,in which ratio of inclusion-removal reaches up to 92% and hydrogen content only is 0.16 mL/100 g.The desirable melt quality can effectively improve the filling capacity of the thin-walled die casting by decreasing viscosity of aluminum alloy melt.Comparing with the conventional melt treatment,the minimum wall thickness which realizes full filling can increase 33% after integrated melt treatment.
摘要:Effects of static pressure of water level on backwater were analyzed when water level in cooling cycling water pool overstepped outlet of backwater to take full pool.Through calculation,it was found that cycling water flow for the mold was decreased by 20%,which was responsible for the inadequate cooling mold and the increase of casting defects.Automatic control of cycling water level was achieved by using some simple components including float-ball,traveling switch and solenoid valve switches.
关键词:Water Level;Static Pressure;Inadequate Cooling;Automatic Control
摘要:Key technologies for producing aluminum alloy thermostat assembly in automobile engine were described,including die casting aluminum alloy thermostat body,CNC high precision processing,pressing-tube assembling by coating glue and air tightness check of the assembly.Production-volume of thermostat assembly is successfully realized.
关键词:Aluminum Alloy;Die Casting;Thermostat in Automobile Engine;Assembly Production
摘要:Reverse squeezing casting AM60B magnesium alloy wheel was conducted.Forming process of the wheel was described.With mould temperature of 240280 ℃,pouring temperature of 680700 ℃,reverse squeezing force of 82100 MPa for 2025s and filling velocity of 0.91 m/s,mechanical properties of AM60B magnesium alloy wheel can reach 218227 MPa in tensile strength,6671 in hardness(HBS)and 9.8%10.7% in elongation as well as(17.518.7)×104 J/m2 in impact toughness,respectively.
Hu Zhi1,Yan Hong1,Nie Qiao2,Zhou Guohua1,Liu Xiaoliang1
Vol. 31, Issue 2, Pages: 149-152(2011)
摘要:Wear behavior of as-extruded magnesium alloy AZ61 was examined at loading of 10120 N and sliding velocity of 0.51.5 m/s.Microstructure of worn surface was observed by SEM(scanning electron microscope),and wear mechanism of the materials at different loadings was described.The results show that wear weight loss is increased with increasing in sliding velocity and loading.Wear mechanism of the as-extruded AZ61 magnesium alloy is classified into mild wear and severe wear.Abrasive wear,oxidation and delamination wear are the dominant wear mechanisms in the mild wear,where wear degree and wear rate exhibits mild and small.With loading increasing to 100 N and 120 N,plastic deformation and surface melting are the dominant role in the severe wear,where wear degree and wear area are more serious and larger.
摘要:Present status and existing shortcomings of raw-auxiliary materials for investment casting were reviewed,and countermeasures were presented.Carbon slag resulted from baked pattern can result in inclusion and reactive gas hole in the investment castings.These defects can be eliminated through multi-pile filtration and centrifugal separation.Properties of different shell mold materials and its problems as well as improving measures were surveyed.Application of bonding agent and alloy materials was introduced briefly,and developing tendency was proposed.
摘要:A control system for realizing temperature,fluid position height and pulling velocity during Ohno continuous casting process was described,which was composed of AI-808 artificial intelligent temperature controller with fuzzy self regulating to decide PID control function,touchscreen and PLC.The practical application shows that the control system exhibits the advantages of simple operation,reliable work and short developing period,friendly man-computer interface as well as subjected to adverse circumstance.
摘要:Traditional technology for mud-core fabrication was modified to resolve the problems in mud-core sintering for balancer by analyzing sintering mechanism of the mud-core,obtaining acceptable effects.Formation of anti-sintering layer of mud core was greatly improved by combining graphite power coating with alcohol Cr-Fe powder coating to resolve the permeability of the coating.In addition,sand for the mud core should have a higher refractory rate to make sure the bonding strength of mud-sand during adding resin and curing agent process against the impaction and gravity role of the liquid iron.
摘要:Ti-40Al-10Fe(atom percentage)alloy was prepared by vacuum magnetic levitation melting with water-cooling copper crucible under argon atmosphere.Microstructure and properties of the alloy were investigated by SEM(scanning electron microscope),XRD(X-ray diffraction),EDS(energy dispersive spectrometer)and micro-hardness tester.The results show that microstructure of the alloy consists of dendrites and a little equiaxed grain,which is composed of γ-TiAl phase and τ2 phase.There exists segregation of Fe and Al in equiaxed grain zone.Castability of Ti-40Al-10Fe is superior to that of Ti-48Al-10Nb alloy,and absence of shrinkage hole can be observed in the Ti-40Al-10Fe alloy,and its micro-hardness reaches 497(Hv),far away higher than that of Ti-48Al-10Nb alloy(330Hv).Meanwhile,effects of Fe element on the microstructure and properties of the alloy were described.
关键词:TiAl Based Alloys;Intermetallics;Microstructure
摘要:Effects of constituent,thermal expansion coefficient and solid phase transformation on the bonding property of porcelain fused to Co-Cr dental alloy were analyzed by XRD(X-ray diffraction),SEM(scanning electron microscope)and EDS(energy dispersive spectrum),thermal expansion coefficient and bonding strength testing.The results show that the bonding strength of porcelain fused to Co-Cr alloy reaches 40.9 MPa,exceeding the 25 MPa required by the standard of YY 0621-2008.The microstructure of the alloy is composed of fcc Co solid solution and hcp Co solution and insular intermetallic compound as well as σ phase.Thermal expansion coefficient difference of alloy to ceramic is(0.50.6)×10-6/℃.During firing process,transformation of fcc phase to hcp phase and segregation of acicular σ phase could decrease the compatibility of alloy with ceramic,resulting in the increase of porcelain crack rate and cleft rate.
摘要:The(Cu50Zr45Al5)100-xYx(x=0,1,2,3,4,5)alloy samples were prepared by copper mold suction casting method.The structure,glass forming ability and corrosion resistance of the samples were investigated by XRD(X-ray diffraction),OM(optical microscope),DSC(differential scanning calorimetry),DTA and potentiodynamic polarization.The results reveal that proper Y addition can effectively improve the thermal stability and glass forming ability(GFA)of the Cu-Zr Al amorphous alloy.With 3% Y content,the width of super-cooled region is 64 K,and approximate glass transition temperature is 0.601,and γ is 0.409.Corrosion resistance of the amorphous alloy is decreased with increasing in Y addition in 3.5% NaCl solution.
关键词:Cu Based Amorphous Alloy;Alloying;Glass Forming Ability;Corrosion Resistance
摘要:In-situ TiB2 particle reinforced Al-5Cu alloy composites were synthesized successfully by reaction of mixed salt with aluminum melt.Microstructure and wear resistance of the prepared composites were observed by XRD(X-ray diffraction),SEM(scanning electron microscope)and EDS(energy dispersive spectrum)and wear-frictional testing.The results show that in-situ TiB2 particle with size in approximately 500 nm is uniformly distributed into the composites,and microstructure of the composites is greatly refined.Wear resistance of the composites is obviously superior to that of matrix alloy,which is attributed to the formation of a compact mechanical-mixed layer.TiB2 particle exhibits double effects of inhibiting metal flow and taking some loading during wear testing process.
摘要:Effects of power ultrasonic on micro-porosity in cast 7050 aluminum alloy melt were observed by ultrasonic vibration treatment for aluminum alloy melt with vibration-transfer tool rod.The results reveal that ultrasonic vibration can decrease significantly percentage and size of micro-porosity in the alloy.At given other conditions,grain size is desirable with ultrasonic power of 200 W,and degassing effects is the maximum with ultrasonic power of 240 W.Meanwhile,effects of restraining the micro-porosity formation is the best,where micro-porosity percentage in cross-section is reduced by 14.3%47.9% and that in central is decreased by 26.3%45%,which is attributed to grain refinement and degassing effects of ultrasonic treatment,especially degassing effects.In addition,the large-scale acoustic streaming formed under radiator face plays a positive role in restraining central micro-porosity by promoting liquid metal feeding.
摘要:Wear behavior of 7075 aluminum alloy with different loadings and temperatures was investigated in condition of dry sliding friction.The results reveal that with increasing in loading,a mild to severe wear transformation occurs,and with increasing in temperature,critical loading is greatly decreased.The wear weight loss of the alloy at 20150 ℃ is obvious lower than that at more than 200 ℃.The wear mechanism is characterized by oxidation wear and abrasive wear in mild wear,while it is characterized by thermal softening,adhesive wear and delamination wear in severe wear.Wear behavior of the alloy is strongly dependent on the mechanical mixed layer(MML)formed on worn surface.As long as the MML exists,the wear rate is very low,while it disappears,severe wear is prevailed.
摘要:Effects of modification treatment,such as Al-Si-P addition,pouring temperature and holding time,on microstructure of continuous casting hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy were investigated by means of US standard TP-1 mold and analogue method.The results show that effects of Al-Si-P modifier addition(more than 0.05%)and holding time on refinement of microstructure of the alloy can be ignored,however,pouring temperature has the obvious effects on distribution of primary Si phase in the microstructure.With increasing in pouring temperature,grain size of primary Si phase is refined with more and more uniform distribution.Fine primary Si phase with spherical shape and uniform distribution can be observed in the microstructure of the Al-Si alloy with a optimized processing parameters.
摘要:Ceramic oxide coatings were prepared on 2A12 aluminum alloy by micro arc oxidation in 40 g/L Na2SO3 and 8 g/L Na2WO4 mixed electrolyte with SiC particle addition.Micro-morphology,phase constituent and chemical composition of the coating were analyzed by SEM(scanning electron microscope),EDS(energy dispersive spectrometer),XRD(X-ray diffraction).Thickness and wear resistance of the coating were measured by the digital thickness meter and friction wear testing.The results show that the coating consists of α-Al2O3 and mullite phase in Na2SiO3 and Na2WO4 electrolyte,and Na2WO4 can promote compact growth of the coating.SiC particle is decomposed in the process of microarc oxidation,promoting the formation of mullite phase.The coatings ware preferable abrasive resistance.
关键词:Micro-arc Oxidation;Na2WO4;SiC Particle;Aluminum Alloy;Friction and Wear
摘要:Effects of solid solution,aging and aging after cold deformation on microstructure and properties of the self-developed CuNiCrSiBeZr alloy with Co free and low Be for slot wedge in turbo-generator rotor were investigated.The results show that the alloy exhibits desirable comprehensive properties after solid solution at 960 ℃ for 1.5 hours +30%38% cold deformation + aging treatment at 490 ℃ for 3 hours,where hardness,electric conductivity,softening point,ambient tensile strength and yield strength as well as elongation reach 256,30.0 MS/m,525 ℃,827 MPa,779 MPa and 16%,respectively,meeting the requirement of slot wedge in turbo-generator rotor.