The macro-and microstructures and properties of both red and black ingots of Cu-2.5Fe with varying annealing temperatures were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the properties of red ingot sample varied slowly and smoothly and grain size became fine during annealing because of uniform distribution of secondary phase resulting in difficulties in cracking during rolling while a lot of characteristics

including high casting stress

coarse grain size during annealing and porosity in grain boundary

were susceptive to cracking during rolling for black ingot sample.