The tranditional hypothesis on modification of eutectic silicon in Al-Si alloys is that the impurity induces twin-crystal proposed by Shu and Hellawell.Sr modification has features of strong modification ability and long effective modification period.Sr incubative period is mainly relevant to the P concentration in the melt.With Sr modification
the cooling rate of the melt should be higher than a critical value due to decreasing in the twin-crystal density with the decrease of the growth rate of the eutectic silicon.Sr modification can result in the increase of the porosity in the Al-Si castings.Sb
P
Bi
Ca and MM(mistchmetal) have the detriment to the Sr modification.