最新刊期
卷 46 ， 期 6 ， 2026
- 摘要：Machine learning （ML） has been widely applied to HEAs for composition screening， phase structure prediction， mechanical and functional property optimization， and service behavior modeling due to the advantages in high-dimensional feature handling and nonlinear modeling. The recent progress were systematically reviewed， and feature engineering and multi-model integration method for phase formation prediction，multi-objective optimization strategies to balance strength and ductility， as well as data-driven modeling and verification of corrosion and soft magnetic performance were emphasized. Current challenges including data scarcity， cross-scale transferability， and insufficient physical interpretability were also summarized. Furthermore， emerging approaches including graph neural networks， self-supervised learning， causal reasoning， and experimental feedback loops were discussed.关键词：HEAs;Machine Learning;Phase Formation Prediction;Multi-objective Optimization;Performance Regulation10|2|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：High-entropy alloys （HEAs） have attracted considerable attention in materials science and engineering due to distinctive cocktail that subverts traditional alloy design concept，solid-solution strengthening，and sluggish-diffusion effects. Contrast to traditional alloys，HEAs exhibit excellent mechanical properties， thermal stability，corrosion resistance， and irradiation resistance owing to the synergistic interactions among multiple principal elements， which display promising application for extreme service environments. As an important sub-class of HEAs，Ti-rich multi-principal-element alloys （MPEAs，molar fraction ≥20%） have emerged by introducing high proportion of titanium， which inherit the multifunctional advantages of HEAs.Meanwhile，high performance is achieved while significantly reducing the overall density by virtue of low density，high specific strength，and strong corrosion resistance， addressing the growing demand for lightweight，high-strength structural materials in aerospace，ocean engineering，and nuclear energy. Moreover，Ti-rich MPEAs possess excellent microstructural stability and oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures，which are particularly suitable for aero-engine hot-end components，nuclear reactor structural materials，and other applications requiring superior high-temperature mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.Recent progress in processing routes，phase constitution，mechanical properties，and oxidation resistance of Ti-rich MPEAs was systematically reviewed.Key insights were concluded and future development was prospected.关键词：Ti-rich Multi-principal-element Alloy;Phase Structure;Mechanical Properties;Oxidation Resistance14|2|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：Laser cladded high-entropy alloys（HEAs） coatings exhibit high compressive strength， excellent wear resistance， and superior corrosion resistance. Application of physical fields can regulate the solidification process of HEAs and eliminate defects such as pores and cracks in coatings. The action mechanism of single physical fields， including ultrasonic fields， magnetic fields， thermal fields， and electric fields， on the formation process of HEAs， as well as effects on improving the microstructure of coatings were reviewed. The limitations of single physical fields in assisting laser cladding of HEA coatings were proposed， and the application of composite fields in the field was forecast.关键词：Laser Cladding;High Entropy Alloy Coating;Physical Field;Composite Field13|3|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：A series of Al2CoMoNbWx （x=0，0.25，0.5，0.75，and 1） high-entropy alloy coatings were fabricated on H13 steel by laser cladding to enhance surface hardness and wear resistance.The effects of W content on phase composition， microstructure，hardness，and wear resistance at room and elevated temperatures were systematically investigated.The results indicate that all coatings mainly consist of BCC，Laves，and NbC phases，and phase system is hardly varied by W addition. However，obvious agglomeration of W particles was observed in the coatings with excessive W content（x=0.75 and 1）. Meanwhile，the content of Laves phase is firstly increased and then decreased with increasing W content. When x=0.5，the coating exhibits optimal comprehensive properties，achieving a hardness of 893.0 HV1.0，which is 2.1 times of that of H13 steel， and the room-temperature and high-temperature wear resistance is increased to 5 times and 4 times of that of the substrate， respectively.关键词：High-entropy Alloy;H13 Steel;Laser Cladding;Microstructure and Properties8|2|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：Rapid growth in aerospace and gas turbine industries has raised stricter demands on service performance of components under high temperatures.High-temperature medium-entropy alloys with high-melting-point elements as main components maintain desirable strength and corrosion resistance in high temperature environments，which display great application potential as high-temperature structural materials.The composition design，processing，and property optimization have become reaserch focus.The latest progress in high-temperature medium-entropy alloys and effective strengthening strategies were reviewed in aspects of novel preparation methods，current composition development，and strengthening routes.Moreover，the problems and main challenges for alloys were discussed，and the future development as well as application prospects were forecast.关键词：High-temperature Medium-entropy Alloys;Composition Development;Preparation Routes;Property Strengthening9|2|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：The effect of carbon contents on microstructure and mechanical properties of （FeCoNiMo）100-xCx（x=0.5，1.0，1.5）high-entropy alloys prepared by vacuum arc melting was investigated by X-ray diffractometer（XRD），scanning electron microscope （SEM） and universal testing machine.The results indicate that the tensile strength of alloy with x=0.5 reaches 1 363 MPa，and the plasticity is 19%.With C content increasing，the tensile strength is gradually increased， while plasticity is decreased progressively， which reaches the maximum of 1 670 MPa with x=1.5， while the plasticity is reduced to 15%. The desirable comprehensive properties of strength and plasticity was achived with x=1.关键词：High Entropy Alloy;Carbide;Microstructure;Mechanical Properties2|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：A novel carbon-containing CoFeNi2.5（Ti2.5C）0.086 EHEA was designed combined with A-（M+N） composition design model and phase diagram calculations，and microstructure as well as mechanical properties was investigated.The results reveal that the alloy consists of FCC solid solution phase and TiC carbide phase，where the yield strength，tensile strength and elongation reach up to 304 MPa，594 MPa and 8%，respectively.Additionally，the alloy exhibits a high work-hardening rate （1 500 MPa），indicating excellent work-hardening capability and superior uniform deformation ability.Fracture analysis demonstrates that FCC phase is characterized by dimple fracture，while TiC phase displays brittle cleavage fracture.Classical Orowan strengthening model was employed to assess the strength source，and contribution of TiC carbide approximately accounts for 62%，confirming that second-phase strengthening is dominated.关键词：EHEA;Composition Design;Microstructure;Mechanical Properties;Second-phase Strengthening2|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：The effect of Ti content on microstructure and mechanical properties of refractory high entropy alloy coating prepared by laser cladding MoNbTaWTix （x=0，0.25，0.5，0.75，1） on Ti-6Al-4V substrate was investigated. The results reveal that the alloy is composed of Ti2N， Ti2O and Mo2C with x= 0 or 1， which is converted to TiN， Ti2N， Ti2O and Mo2C with Ti content of 0.25~0.75.The increase of Ti content can control the distribution behavior of N element and phase competition thermodynamics， thus altering the nitride phase composition of coating. The dilution ratio is firstly increased and then decreased with Ti content increasing， and the microstructure is gradually evolved into columnar， equiaxed， dendritic and acicular crystal， indicating that the grain structure can be customized by Ti content to balance the requirements of creep resistance with strength and toughness.The hardness reaches the maximum of 761 HV0.1 with x=0， proving that Ti addition leads to the synergetic competition of softening and hardening phase， which plays a negative role in improving hardness. The friction coefficient reaches the minimum of 0.37 with x=0.75， which is attributed to the lubrication effect of Ti2O oxide film， demonstrating satisfied wear resistance in spite of wear rate enhancement arising from the formation of spalling pits and debris due to brittle fracture of the oxide layer. Therefore， Ti content regulation combined with interface strengthening can synergistically enhance the lubricity and wear resistance.关键词：Laser Cladding;Refractory High-entropy Alloys;Microstructure;Frictional Properties3|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
Topic\·Phase Structure and Properties of HEAs
- 摘要：ER4043 welding wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm was selected to achieve effective connection of dissimilar joints between 5A02 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel through different TIG melt-brazing processes. The macro morphology and interfacial characteristics of brazed joint were observed by metallographic microscope （OM）， scanning electron microscope （SEM） and energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）. The results indicate that intergranular cracks are observed in the fusion zone of joint specimens without metal powder coating， and the weld formation of specimens pre-coated with metal powder is superior to that of ones without metal powder coating. The heated grains in the heat-affected zone on the aluminum alloy side tend to coarsen. The weld zone is composed of α-Al equiaxed grains and Al-Si eutectics structure， and the latter one is uniformly distributed on α-Al grain boundaries. Al and Fe atoms near the interface region are diffused along the interface layer， leading to various Fe-Al intermetallic compounds， where FeAl compounds are generated near the steel side， and FeAl3 compounds are generated near the aluminum side.关键词：Aluminum/Steel Dissimilar Metals;Welding-brazing;Intermetallic Compounds;Microstructure1|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：The development of high-strength and high-toughness aluminum matrix composites is of significant strategic importance，aiming to achieve energy conservation and sustainable development.In-situ self-generated particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites have become a current research hotspot by virtue of the excellent specific strength，specific stiffness，and interface bonding properties.Preparation techniques of in-situ self-generated aluminum matrix composites were systematically reviewed，including solid-solid reaction method，solid-liquid reaction method， and gas-liquid reaction method.The principles and characteristics of different technologies were summarized and evaluated.The influence law of size effect，interface structure，and texture of AlN，TiB₂，and Al₂O₃ reinforcements on mechanical properties was systematically analyzed，and future development trends were prospected.关键词：Aluminum Matrix Composites;In-situ Self-generated;Preparation Techniques;Mechanical Properties2|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
Research·Composites
- 摘要：Dispersion strengthened copper alloy （ODS-Cu） exhibits desirable high temperature strength and radiation resistance， which is one of candidate materials for thermal deposition of divertor in fusion reactor. Aiming at the complicated process， nanoparticle agglomeration and difficulty in preparing large-scale components during traditional powder metallurgy process， tungsten inert gas arc additive manufacture （TIG-AM） technology was employed to achieve in-situ reaction synthesis of Y2O3 and integrated preparation of components through Y2O3 content regulation. The results indicate that the co-strengthened structure of equiaxial crystal （average size of 15.2 μm） and nano Y2O3 particles are obtained with 0.4% Y2O3， and the hardness reaches 140 HV， which is comparable to Glidcop alloy. However， particle agglomeration （>200 nm） leads to a decline of 10%~15% in hardness with Y2O3 content exceeding 0.4%.关键词：Oxide Dispersion Strengthening;Copper Alloy;Y2O3;Arc Additive Manufacturing5|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：GH4169 alloy prepared by arc and interlayer rolling additive manufacturing method was homogenized at 1 050 ℃ and aged at 720 ℃. The microstructure， fatigue life and fracture morphology of GH4169 alloy were analyzed by optical microscope， fatigue testing machine and scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that the microstructure of matrix is mainly composed of γ phase with small amount of twinning and precipitated phases. The fatigue strengths are 470 MPa and 453 MPa with frequencies of 30 Hz and 120 Hz， respectively， and fatigue cracks initiate at twin boundaries， surfaces or defect sites. Moreover， fatigue fringes and secondary cracks are observed at fatigue crack propagation region.关键词：Additive Manufacturing;Nickel-based Alloy;Frequency;High-cycle Fatigue;Fatigue Crack3|1|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：SLS technology was employed to form coated sand mold， which was subjected to a series of treatments such as vacuum infiltration of phosphate solution to conduct TC4 titanium alloy pouring. The effects of different wall thicknesses of castings on the morphology， microstructure and element diffusion of reaction layer at the interface between titanium alloy and sand mold were investigated. The results reveal that the casting surface presents smooth and clean without sand sticking and slag entrapment defects. The thickness of interfacial reaction layer， diffusion degree of elements， and imbalance of interfacial reactionan present an increasing trend with the increase of wall thickness. In the molten ceramic sand mold and phosphate system， P is the main diffusion element， while Si element hardly encounters diffusion， indicating the interfacial reaction mechanism evolving element diffusion between materials.关键词：TC4 Titanium Alloy;Selective Laser Sintering;Sand Casting;Morphology;Interfacial Reaction Layer2|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
Research·Additive Manufacture
- 摘要：To achieve the synergistic control of low defects and high microstructural homogeneity in strut castings， numerical simulations were conducted on titanium alloy struts during investment casting process using InteCAST software. The evolution patterns of shrinkage porosity defects under varying shell preheating temperatures （25~300 ℃） and centrifugal rotation speeds （60~180 r/min） were systematically analyzed， and reliability of simulation results was further verified through X-ray inspection. Furthermore， metallographic statistical characterization was employed to investigate the influence of process parameters on microstructural evolution. The results indicate that with shell preheating temperature of 200 ℃ and the centrifugal speed of 150 r/min， the strut castings exhibit minimized internal shrinkage porosity defects and optimized microstructural uniformity， representing the optimal process parameters for strut casting.关键词：Titanium Alloy;Strut;Centrifugal Casting;Investment Casting;Microstructure3|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloys were prepared on TC4 titanium alloy substrate by laser solid forming（LSF） technique. Optimized parameter combination was obtained through orthogonal experiments on laser power， laser scanning speed and powder feeding speed， and desirable single-layer deposition effect was achieved with laser power of 1 600 W， scanning speed of 8 mm/s， and powder feeding speed of 8 g/min， the ， where the surface of deposition layer presents uniform. Then 100 layers of TiAl alloy were deposited to fabricate depositrf layer with height of 40 mm. Microhardness and microstructure analysis reveals that the top of deposited layer is composed of fine isometric laminates， which is conducive to improving the surface hardness.关键词：Laser Solid Forming;TiAl Alloy;Process Parameters;Microstructure9|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：The synergy of pulsed magnetic fields and foam ceramic filters on melt purification and grain refinement of 3003 aluminum alloy melts was investigated.Pulsed magnetic fields with different currents（60，80，100，120 A） were applied to analyze the removal effect of iron inclusions，grain refinement in the microstructure，and hardness variation.The results indicate that single filtering treatment has limited effect on removal effect of needle-like iron phases.After applying pulsed magnetic field，the iron phase is gradually transformed from a needle-like shape to irregular blocky and spherical shapes.Fe content is decreased initially and then increased with increasing current，which is reduced to 0.97% at 100 A，achieving an iron removal efficiency of 17.8%.The grain size is declined to 133.83 μm， which is reduced by 22.2% compared to that of untreated ones，and microstructural uniformity is significantly improved. The hardness is increased to 51.6 HV，which is enhanced by 7.9% compared to that of untreated ones.关键词：3003 Aluminum Alloy;Pulsed Magnetic Field;Melt Purification;Grain Refinement3|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：Al-4Cu alloys were aged at 130 ℃，and aging behavior before and after applying 10 T magnetic field was investigated using transmission electron microscopy （TEM） to explore the effect of high static magnetic field （HSMF） on precipitation kinetics of Al-4Cu alloys.The results indicate that HSMF can inhibit the nucleation and growth of G.P. zone and θ″ phase by virtue of hindering the diffusion of solute atoms.Additionally，HSMF promotes the coarsening of θ′ phase，resulting in a semi-coherent relationship between larger-sized θ′ phases and matrix，which is possibly attributed to the increase in interfacial energy caused by HSMF.关键词：Al-4Cu Alloy;High Static Magnetic Field;Aging;Precipitation Kinetics1|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：As a heat-treatable strengthening alloy， the heat treatment process of Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast alloy was optimized through thermodynamic calculations， differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） thermal analysis， and hardness testing to fully understand mechanical properties. Firstly， thermodynamic calculations and DSC thermal analysis were utilized to identify microstructure composition of as-cast alloy as well as dissolution temperatures of various phases， thus establishing a two-stage solution treatment for the alloy with primary solution temperature of 500 ℃ and the secondary solution temperature of 525 ℃. The influence of solution time on distribution of alloying elements was calculated， and the primary solution time was determined as 4 h combined with variation in the endothermic peak area of θ-Al2Cu in DSC curve. The results indicate that Q-Al5Cu2Mg8Si6 phase basically disappears after solid solution treatment at 525 ℃ for 8 h， the eutectic Si phase is transformed into a granular shape with a Feret diameter of 4.4 μm， and the hardness reaches maximum value of 110.5 HV. Therefore， the secondary solution time is set at 8 h. Hardness testing results reveal that maximum hardness of 140.7 HV is achieved at 170 ℃， demonstrating the optimal aging temperature.关键词：Al-Si-Cu-Mg Cast Alloy;Heat Treatment Process;Thermodynamic Calculation;DSC Thermal Analysis4|1|0更新时间：2026-06-23
Research·Alloy Process
- 摘要：Non-equilibrium solidified Al-4.73Mg-0.71Sc-0.33Zr alloy was prepared by copper mold spraying，and the effect of cryogenic treatment on isothermal aging behavior was investigated.The results indicate that large amounts of coarse Al3（Sc，Zr） particles are evenly distributed in as-cast alloy，which disappear in the rapid-cooled alloy to generate super-saturation structure with homogeneous composition.After cryogenic treatment，dislocation multiplication and sub-grain structure occur in rapid-cooled alloy，accompanied with precipitation of discontinuous lamellar at grain boundary.Al3（Sc， Zr） phases are precipitated continuously in rapid-cooled alloy after aging treatment at 300 ℃，which is accelerated by cryogenics.After aging for 120 min，the extent of discontinuous precipitation is enhanced in rapid-cooled and cryogenic-treated alloy，and nanocrystalline precipitates with coherent orientations are formed in the matrix. After aging at 300 ℃ for 35 min，the micro-hardness of rapid-cooled and cryogenic-treated alloy reaches 120.99 HV， which is increased by 50.9% compared with that of ones without aging treatment.关键词：Al-Mg-Sc-Zr Alloy;Rapid Cooling;Cryogenics;Aging Precipitation2|1|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：Friction stir welding （FSW） process and interfacial characteristics of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy with 3 mm thickness and low carbon steel were investigated.A cemented carbide stirring tool was employed with spindle speed of 1 000 r/min，welding feed rate of 20 mm/min，shoulder plunge depth of 0.2 mm，and pin insertion depth into steel plate of 0.1 mm.The microstructure of welding interface and diffusion behavior of Al and Fe were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy-dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）.The results reveal that Al and Fe undergo inter-diffusion at the interface to form a hook-like structure and a mixed layer where fine steel particles are embedded in the aluminum matrix，enhancing hardness at the interface and forming a brittle zone with a microhardness up to 416.69 HV，which is significantly higher than that of base matrix.Fracture predominantly occurs at Al-steel interface， which initiates from Al matrix side with partial Al adhering to the steel surface.The steel side is characterized by mixed ductile-brittle fracture，while aluminum side displays brittle fracture.关键词：Friction Stir Welding （FSW）;Aluminum Alloy;Low Carbon Steel;Interface Microstructure;Fracture Behavior1|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
Research·Alloy Performance
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Process Design and Numerical Simulation for Low-pressure Casting of Aluminum Alloy Double-pass pipe AI导读
摘要：Based on the structural characteristics and process requirements of an aluminum alloy double-pass pipe， process schemes with one set of ingate，two sets of ingates，and three sets of ingates were designed. InteCAST software was employed to perform numerical simulations of filling and solidification processes on the schemes， and filling process， temperature field， as well as defect distribution were compared. The results indicate that the filling and solidification process in the scheme with three sets of ingate presents reasonable， and absence of isolated liquid phase zone is obeserved with least shrinkages and porosities， which is identified as the optimal process. The castings produced with the optimized scheme pass the hydrostatic and air-tightness testing， meeting technical requirements of customer.关键词：Aluminum Alloy;Double-pass Pipe;Low-pressure Casting;Numerical Simulation;Process Scheme4|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23 - 摘要：Aiming at problems of core breakage and difficulties in sand vibration encountered in actual low presswre casting production， an “8”-shaped block was fabricated by core-making process of a specific subframe， and effects of ambient temperature， humidity， and inorganic binder contents on strength of sand core were investigated.The results indicate that the formed network bonding bridge becomes more robust with the binder addition rising， leading to higher strength of sand core. Conversely， the strength of sand core is gradually diminished with higher environmental humidity due to the hygroscopic nature. The sand cores exhibit reduced breakage and improved vibration with the initial strength between 1.352 MPa and 1.496 MPa， and 24 h strength between 3.523 MPa and 4.498 MPa.关键词：Temperature and Humidity;Inorganic Binder Addition;Sand Core Strength3|0|0更新时间：2026-06-23
Application·Die Casting
- 摘要：As one of the core load-bearing components of high-efficiency gas turbines， ultra-large stainless steel casing exhibits structural characteristics of high weight and large wall thickness， restricting the integrated near-net-shape forming. The investment casting process was optimized by ProCAST finite element simulation software， and a gating system model suitable for ultra-large casing was designed based on casting structure and mold flow analysis， which has the functions of regulating the flow rate， storing the cold melt and exhaust and slag collection. The filling and solidification behavior of steel melt in the mold was revealed. The results indicate that the transfer of hot spots at the inner gate is prone to cause shrinkages and porosities of inner ring. On this basis， the riser structure and pad angle were optimized， effectively inhibiting the formation of dispersed defects in the inner ring. Moreover， wax mold splicing and shell preparation fixtures were designed to ensure the successful pouring of steel melt. An ultra-large stainless steel rear load-bearing casing casting with a contour diameter over 2 m and a weight around 1 000 kg was successfully developed. The dimensional accuracy， surface and metallurgical quality of castings meet the technical requirements， providing technical guidance for the casting of similar structural components.关键词：Casing;Combustion Gas Turbine;Casting Simulation;Investment Casting;Stainless Steel2|1|0更新时间：2026-06-23
- 摘要：Taking silica sols of varied concentrations with small particle size （3~5 nm） and common particle size （8~15 nm） as binders， the ceramic shell were prepared， and the microstructure， mechanical properties and physical properties were investigated. The results indicate that silica sol slurry with small particle size exhibits desirable rheological properties， thixotropy and suspension rate. Under identical silica sol concentration， the green body strength of silica sol shell with small particle size is 73% higher than that of common ones， and the strength after calcination at 1 000 ℃ is 148% higher than that of the common ones. Based on higher sintering activity， silica sol shell with small particle size possesses a larger sintering shrinkage rate and lower porosity. After baking at 1 500 ℃， the porosity of silica sol shell with small particle size is only 20.7% under identical silica sol concentration， which is far lower than that of common ones.关键词：Ceramic Shell;Silica Sol;Flexural Strength;Shrinkage Rate3|1|0更新时间：2026-06-23
Application·Investment Casting
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