高强Al-Si合金成分设计及组织性能研究
Composition Design, Microstructure and Property of High-strength Al-Si Alloys
- 2026年46卷第3期 页码:458-463
收稿:2025-01-03,
修回:2025-02-22,
录用:2025-03-13,
纸质出版:2026-03-20
DOI: 10.15980/j.tzzz.T20250007
移动端阅览
收稿:2025-01-03,
修回:2025-02-22,
录用:2025-03-13,
纸质出版:2026-03-20
移动端阅览
为满足工业发展对高强Al-Si合金的需求,本研究利用热力学计算软件分析了Si含量变化对合金凝固特性的影响,确定了Si的适宜含量范围。同时,研究了不同Cu和Mg含量(质量分数,下同)对固相线温度及
Q
-Al
5
Cu
2
Mg
8
Si
6
相凝固析出温度的影响,进而确定了Cu和Mg的含量范围。通过正交试验进一步优化Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金的成分,最终确定为Al-9Si-0.7Mg-1.5Cu。经变质细化处理后,铸态合金的抗拉强度为243.7 MPa,屈服强度为145.2 MPa,硬度(HV)为75.8,伸长率为3.8%。T6热处理后,合金的力学性能显著提升,抗拉强度达到382.5 MPa,屈服强度为265.8 MPa,硬度(HV)增至137.5,伸长率提高至5.6%。
In order to meet the industrial demand for high-strength Al-Si alloys, thermodynamic calculation software was employed to analyze the effect of varying Si content on solidification characteristics of alloys, and suitable range of Si content was determined.Additionally,the effects of different Cu and Mg contents on solidus temperature and precipitation temperature of
Q
-Al
5
Cu
2
Mg
8
Si
6
phase were investigated to ascertain the appropriate Cu and Mg content ranges. The composition of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy was further optimized through orthogonal experiments, which is finally confirmed as Al-9Si-0.7Mg-1.5Cu.After modification and refinement treatment, the tensile strength, yield strength, hardness and elongation of as-cast alloy are 243.7 MPa, 145.2 MPa, 75.8 HV, and 3.8%, respectively. After T6 heat treatment, the mechanical properties are significantly improved, with tensile strength of 382.5 MPa, yield strength of 265.8 MPa. The hardness is escalated to 137.5 HV, and elongation is enhanced to 5.6%.
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