A356低压铸造部件上层疲劳断口成分和组织研究
Composition and Structure of Upper Fatigue Section in A356 Low-pressure Casting Parts
- 2025年45卷第3期 页码:412-416
收稿日期:2023-11-29,
修回日期:2024-02-15,
纸质出版日期:2025-03-20
DOI: 10.15980/j.tzzz.T20230503
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收稿日期:2023-11-29,
修回日期:2024-02-15,
纸质出版日期:2025-03-20
移动端阅览
为了研究高温铝合金在低压铸造过程中充型和凝固末端的组织成分,选取A356合金,结合低压铸造自下而上的充型方式,上部为最后充型,其氧化物、夹渣物含量较高,导致疲劳强度低。选用具有上、下两层断面结构的空腔部件,通过ABAQUS仿真分析疲劳损伤、低压铸造制样并进行相应的台架试验,结合电镜扫描(SEM)、X射线等检测观察部件疲劳断裂区域的宏观形貌、微观组织。利用能谱和光谱分析材料成分,结合CT扫描无损检测三维形貌,定性、定量地分析A356低压铸造部件上层断面成分和组织形态。结果发现A356上层断面中存在严重的化学成分偏析和氧化情况,导致材料的抗疲劳性能降低。
In order to investigate the structure composition of filling and solidified end of high temperature aluminum alloy during low pressure casting, A356 alloy was selected, and the bottom-up filling method of low-pressure casting was combined. The upper part is filled finally, where the content of oxide and slag is relatively high, resulting in low fatigue strength, and the cavity parts with the upper and lower cross section structure were selected. ABAQUS simulation was employed to analyze fatigue damage and low-pressure casting sample preparation, and corresponding bench experiments was carried out. The macro morphology and microstructure at fatigue fracture zone were observed by combination of electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray detection technologies. The composition and structure of A356 low-pressure casting on the upper section were analyzed qualitatively by energy spectrum and spectrum analysis combined with CT scanning non-destructive detection of three-dimensional morphology. The results indicate that severe chemical segregation and oxidation occurr in the upper section of A356, leading to the reduction of fatigue resistance performance.
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