最新刊期
卷 45 ， 期 3 ， 2025
- 摘要：Mg-Li alloy has become an ideal weight-reducing material in the fields such as aerospace， weapons and equipment， and 3C industry due to the low density， high specific strength and stiffness， well formability， and excellent electromagnetic shielding performance. Mg-Li alloy was briefly introduced， and effects of alloying and plastic deformation on microstructure and properties of Mg-Li alloy were emphasized. The deformation texture of Mg-Li alloy was summarized， and the problems and development directions in the research of Mg-Li alloys were explored.关键词：Mg-Li Alloy;Alloying;Plastic Deformation;Texture;Progress28|5|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：The influence of laser interval scanning process on tensile and deformation behavior of 2060 Al-Li alloy was systematically investigated by in-situ tensile two-dimensional strain （DIC） experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicate that laser interval scanning leads to a microstructure with alternating coarse and fine grains on the surface of 2060 Al-Li alloy， significantly enhancing elongation. Localized plastic deformation occurs in the interval laser-scanned specimens during tensile deformation， and alternating microstructure of coarsed and fine grains after interval scanning can alter the propagation direction of tensile shear bands， retarding the formation and growth of microcracks at shear deformation regions， furthering improving the ductility. The total elongation of laser-treated 2060 Al-Li alloy is increased by 47.2%.关键词：Al-Li Alloy;EBSD;Two-dimensional Strain;Laser Remelting;Mechanical Properties29|2|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：Aging hardened Al-Li alloys have advantages of low density， high specific strength， high elastic modulus and desirable low temperature property， whcih are widely used in aerospace， military industry and other fields. The development history and existing problems in Al-Li alloy were reviewed， and the main microstructure factors as well as corresponding solutions were briefly described. Effects of alloying， thermal deformation and heat treatment processes on microstructure and properties of novel Al-Li alloys were explicated in detail， and the future development of Al-Li alloy was prospected.关键词：Al-Li Alloy;Strength and Plasticity;Anisotropy;Thermal Deformation;Heat Treatment30|4|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：Micro-defects in Al-Cu-Li alloy were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. The origination for the formation of defects was analyzed， and the variation law of shrinkages in different alloys were clarified. The results indicate that the micro-defects of as-cast alloy are mainly shrinkages distributed at grain boundaries and inter-dendritic regions， where oxide inclusions can be observed in partial cavities. The evolution of the shrinkage is hardly perceived during homogenized heat treatment. After rolling processing and solution heat treatment， the fraction and size of shrinkages are decreased， and a portion of cavities disappear.关键词：Al-Cu-Li Alloy;Defects;Shrinkages and Cavities;Oxide Inclusions28|5|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：Based on the concepts of ultralight-light Mg-Li alloy and medium entropy alloy， a light-weight alloy with equal atomic ratios of Mg， Li and Zn was designed， and the microstructure was further regulated by solution treatment. Besides， the microstructure， corrosion properties and corrosion behaviors of Mg-Li-Zn medium entropy alloy before and after solid solution treatment were analyzed comparatively. The results indicate that the as-cast alloy is characterized by duplex phase structure， which is composed of α-LiMgZn and β-LiMgZn， and large amounts of second phase particles exist in β-LiMgZn matrix. After solution treatment， duplex phase structure retains， while the second phase particles are dissolved. Hydrogen evolution and weight loss， electrochemical testing and the observation of corrosion morphology were conducted. The results reveal that the corrosion resistance of Mg-Li-Zn medium entropy alloy is significantly improved after solid solution treatment， which is attributed to the weakened micro-galvanic corrosion effect due to the dissolution of the second phase particles and the composition homogenization in the matrix.关键词：Mg-Li Alloy;Medium Entropy Alloy;Heat Treatment;Corrosion;Microstructure29|5|0更新时间：2025-03-18
Topic·Ultralight Metal Materials
- “据最新报道，Cu-Ag合金研究取得新进展，添加Fe、Cr等元素可优化其性能，为高强高导材料发展提供新思路。”摘要：The high-strength and high-conductivity Cu-Ag alloy has widespread application in various fields such as lead frame materials， railway contact network materials， and high-strength magnetic field coil windings due to the outstanding performance. With the increasing demand for technological advancements and the need to reduce silver usage， recent research focus has shifted towards introducing small amounts of doping elements into Cu-Ag alloys to prepare ternary Cu-Ag alloys with desirable performance. Effects of adding elements such as Fe， Cr， Zr， Nb， and Sc on microstructure and properties of Cu-Ag alloys were investigated， and the characteristics of different alloy systems and variation in properties such as strength， hardness， and electrical conductivity after element addition were reviewed. Finally， the development prospects of Cu-Ag alloys were forecast.关键词：High-strength and High-conductivity;Cu-Ag Alloy;Element Doping;Microstructure and Properties53|148|0更新时间：2025-03-18
Research·Review
- 摘要：Based on the combination of crystal plasticity theory and the finite element software ABAQUS， the crystal plasticity finite element method （CPFEM） was used to simulate the deformation behavior and texture evolution trends of different single crystals and polycrystals of 2024 aluminum alloy during the rolling process at different reduction rates. The results reveal that uneven deformation occurrs in both grain boundaries and interior of the crystals， with stress and cumulative shear strain distribution mainly in bands in single crystals， while the deformation situation is more complex in polycrystals. Under different reduction rates during rolling process， single crystals with Cube and Goss orientations present less occurrence of cumulative shear strain， and grain orientation mainly rotates around the ND axis. During the rolling process of polycrystals， the deformation of grains with Brass and Goss orientations in the strong texture of Brass and Goss orientations is hindered， resulting in a more uniform distribution of pole figures. Additionally， Goss-oriented grains are gradually transformed towards the Brass-oriented ones with increasing reduction， forming a new stable texture.关键词：Crystal Plasticity Theory;Stress;Finite Element Simulation;2024 Aluminum Alloy22|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
Research·Computer Application
- 摘要：Aiming at the agglomeration in a large area of TiB2 particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites， TiB2/A356 aluminum matrix composites were prepared by self-designed multi-layered electromagnetic stirring equipment， and effects of multi-layered electromagnetic stirring process （starting stirring temperature， stirring time） on microstructure of TiB2/A356 were investigated combined with the testing means of OM， SEM， EDS， etc. The results indicate that with the starting stirring temperature of 640 ℃ and stirring time of 30 s， effects of multi-layered electromagnetic stirring process on dispersion of TiB2 agglomerates are desirable， and the size of agglomerates is 5～10 μm. The multi-layered electromagnetic stirring process can enhance the convection between the melts， refine α-Al phase， and break TiB2 particle agglomerates， improving the agglomeration phenomenon of TiB2 particles.关键词：TiB2;Multi-layered Electromagnetic Stirring Process;Particle Agglomeration;Dispersion Mechanism22|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：Copper-plated graphene-reinforced 6061-aluminum matrix composites were prepared by discharge plasma sintering method， and microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were systematically analyzed. The results indicate that the wettability between graphene and aluminum powder is improved after chemical copper plating， leading to successful mixture through mechanical stirring. A small amount of graphene is uniformly dispersed in the composite， while excessive graphene results in agglomeration. Graphene effectively subjects the stresses suffered by the matrix， giving rise to strengthening effect. Nevertheless， the agglomerated graphene exhibits limited strengthening effects on the matrix， which is adverse to the plasticity of composite.关键词：Graphene;Aluminum Matrix Composites;Copper-plating25|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
Research·Composites
- 摘要：Effects of different scanning speeds on microstructure evolution， defects and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy formed by selective laser melting （SLM） were investigated based on simulations and experiments. The results indicate that the depth of melt pool is decreased and the bonding of melted powder to the substrate is deteriorated with increasing scanning speed. The rapid solidification of SLM leads to the appearance of primary β columnar crystals and multistage needle-like α phases， and the grain boundaries of primary β tend to be straighter and wider with the increase of scanning speed， while the porosity and defects in unmelted particles are increased. The formation mechanism of unmelted particle defects was discussed. The results reveal that the quantities of unmelted metal particles can be reduced effectively with increasing in the laser energy input. In addition， the tensile strength and elongation of the alloy are decreased with scanning speed increasing. The tensile strength reaches the maximum of 1 238 MPa at 900 mm/s， and elongation is 5.4%.关键词：Selective Laser Melting;Ti-6Al-4V Alloy;Defects;Microstructure27|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：Taking waste artificial graphite as raw material and thermosetting phenolic resin as binder， graphite prototypes were rapidly prepared by micro-hot pressing additive manufacturing technology. Effects of process parameters on the dimensional accuracy and mechanical strength of formed components were investigated. The reasonable range of values for each parameter was determined， and optimal combination of parameters was given by orthogonal experiments. Graphite function components were successfully fabricated in a single step， and casting experiments were conducted to validate the usability.关键词：Graphite Powder;Micro-hot Pressing;Additive Manufacturing;Process Parameters22|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
Research·Additive Manufacture
- “在材料科学领域，研究者通过电镜和EDS分析，发现采用TUY03标准生产的无氧铜杆在力学性能上优于再生料铜杆，断裂韧性和塑性更佳。”摘要：Fracture morphologies and chemical composition of oxygen-free copper rods fabricated with different raw materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscope combined with EDS， and mechanical properties were tested. The results indicate that the average tensile strength， yield strength， and elongation of TUY03 standard specimen are 10.6%、18.8%， and 6.9% higher than those of recycled ones， respectively， while the average cross-sectional shrinkage of both groups is approximately equal. The fracture surface of standard specimen is rougher with a higher density of dimples compared to the recycled copper rod， and large amounts of elongated dimples are observed in the crack propagation area with fewer surface pore defects， indicating desirable fracture toughness and plasticity.关键词：Upward Continuous Casting;Oxygen-free Copper;Mechanical Properties;Fracture Morphology61|243|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：AM60 alloy castings were prepared by squeeze casting， and effects of applied pressure （40， 80 and 120 MPa） and pouring temperature（650， 690 and 730 ℃） on the microstructure and properties of AM60 magnesium alloy were investigated. Meanwhile， the fracture mechanism was analyzed. The results indicate that the grain sizes of α-Mg are refined with the increase of applied pressure， and distribution of the second phase is more uniform. The grains obtained with 120 MPa and 690 ℃ are fine with satisfied comprehensive mechanical properties. Compared with gravity casting， the tensile strength of the squeezing casting AM60 alloy is increased from 135.6 MPa to 212.5 MPa， and the elongation is increased from 5.7% to 11.2%. The fracture analysis reveals that the fracture mode of squeeze casting AM60 magnesium alloy is characterized by quasi-cleavage fracture， which is transformed to ductile fracture with the increase of applied pressure.关键词：Squeeze Casting;AM60 Alloy;Microstructure;Mechanical Properties24|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：In order to investigate the structure composition of filling and solidified end of high temperature aluminum alloy during low pressure casting， A356 alloy was selected， and the bottom-up filling method of low-pressure casting was combined. The upper part is filled finally， where the content of oxide and slag is relatively high， resulting in low fatigue strength， and the cavity parts with the upper and lower cross section structure were selected. ABAQUS simulation was employed to analyze fatigue damage and low-pressure casting sample preparation， and corresponding bench experiments was carried out. The macro morphology and microstructure at fatigue fracture zone were observed by combination of electron microscopy （SEM） and X-ray detection technologies. The composition and structure of A356 low-pressure casting on the upper section were analyzed qualitatively by energy spectrum and spectrum analysis combined with CT scanning non-destructive detection of three-dimensional morphology. The results indicate that severe chemical segregation and oxidation occurr in the upper section of A356， leading to the reduction of fatigue resistance performance.关键词：A356 Alloy;Low-pressure Casting;Fatigue Damage;Fracture Section21|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
Research·Alloy Process
- 摘要：The influences of second phases with different distribution on the dynamic recrystallization behavior of ZK60 alloy were investigated. The results reveal that W-phase （Mg3Zn3Y2） is agglomerated at grain boundaries which increases the proportion of recrystallization structure， however the alloy still presents the typical bimodal structure with little effects. Al11Y3 and Al2Y distributed at grain boundaries and interior of the grains can significantly accelerate the dynamic recrystallization process， increasing the proportion of recrystallization structure， and the uniform equiaxed grains can be obtained. The high recrystallization fraction and uniform distribution of second phases can effectively alleviate the stress concentration caused by twins and second phase agglomeration during tensile process， which is conducive to the balance of strength and plasticity.关键词：Magnesium Alloy;Second Phases;Dynamic Recrystallization;Strength and Plasticity23|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：Grain boundary engineering was employed to control the microstructure of Cu-Ti-S microalloying pure copper. The influence and mechanism of grain boundary engineering on conductivity and thermal stability were analyzed by electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD） and optical microscopy （OM）. The results indicate that grain boundary engineering treatment （Each pass process： cold rolling 20%→ recrystallization annealing 530 ℃×10 min → water cooling， 4 cycles） can significantly improve the thermal stability of grain size of microalloyed pure copper and maintain high conductivity. The conductivity of specimens treated with 0-pass and 4-pass grain boundary engineering is 58.66 MS/m and 58.89 MS/m， and the grain sizes are 129.52 μm and 50.76 μm after high temperature heating at 900 ℃ for 30 min， respectively， which effectively inhibits the grain growth. The results are mainly attributed to the increase of proportion of Σ3n CSL grain boundaries in grain boundary engineering， especially Σ3 CSL grain boundaries， which possesses low grain boundary energy and migration rate.关键词：Grain Boundary Engineering;Microalloy;Pure Copper;Conductivity;Thermal Stability25|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：The microstructure evolution of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy during the temperature rise melting and cooling solidification process from 25 ℃ to 1 500 ℃ was in-situ observed by high temperature laser scanning confocal microscope， and the solidification process of phase transition and formation type of γ lamellae were analyzed. The results reveal that the phase transition during the temperature rise process undergoes α2+γ→α+γ→α→L+α→L+β→L，and solidification path is L→L+β→L+α→α→α+γ→α2+γ. The γ lamellae are formed at the relative grain boundaries of α grains， which always remain parallel with the growth direction perpendicular to ［0001］α. The γ lamellae are mostly grown in pairs， and the stacking order of atoms of ｛111｝ facets is reverse in identical γ lamellae growth pairs， indicating true-twin or pseudo-twin interface of γ lamellae in the growth pairs.关键词：TiAl Alloy;Lamellar Microstructure;Laser Scanning Confocal In-situ Analysis;Phase Transition21|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：P+Sr composite modified hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy samples were prepared， through gravity casting，in which Sr content was 0.03%， and P content was 0.03%， 0.05%， and 0.07%. The microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys with different P contents were investigated. The results reveal that P+Sr composite modification can significantly refine the sizes of primary silicon and eutectic silicon in Al-Si alloys. When the P content is 0.03%， the refinement effect of primary silicon and eutectic silicon presents optimal. Some primary silicon tips become spherodization and the number is decreased， and the average size of primary silicon is 12.01 μm. A small part of eutectic silicon is changed from long needle-like to short rod-like with the average size of 4.76 μm and length-width ratio of 5.85. Under the modification conditions， the alloy exhibits desirable mechanical properties， with a tensile strength of 307 MPa， an elongation of 1.27%， and a hardness of 101.4 HV0.1. With the increase of P content， Sr is over-consumed， and the remaining excessive P causes the re-coarsening of silicon phase， the increase of Fe-rich phase content and the increase of alloy hardness， while tensile strength and elongation are decreased.关键词：Composite Modification;P Content;Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy;Al-Si-Cu-Mg;Microstructure and Properties24|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：The influence of Mn and Sr additions on the modification effect in Al-Si alloy was investigated to further exlplore the interaction between Mn and Sr elements during the compound addtition. The results indicate that Mn addition to Al-7Si-0.2Fe alloy has little impact on Sr modification effect， while a noticeable influence on the modification effect of Mn can be obtained with Sr content over 0.014 8%， leading to an increasing trend in the average diameter and aspect ratio of Fe-rich phase. Considering the microstructure and morphology of Fe-rich and Si phases， compound addition of 0.20% Mn and 0.014 8% Sr exhibits desirable modification effect on both phases in the Al-7Si-0.2Fe alloy.关键词：Al-7Si-0.2Fe Alloy;Mn;Sr;Fe-rich Phase;Si Phase22|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：Magnetically levitated vacuum induction melting of Al-0.5Cu casting billet in water-cooled copper crucible was carried out with high purity Al and Cu as raw materials.The elemental analysis results indicate that the casting billet exhibits acceptable compositions of constituent elements Al and Cu. Compared with the concentrations of impurity O and N in the raw material， the concentrations of O （33 mg/kg） and N （30 mg/kg） in the casting remain almost unchanged. The total concentration of other impurity elements is decreased from 25.66 mg/kg in the raw material to 17.20 mg/kg in the casting.Subsequently， the high-purity ultra-fine grain Al-0.5Cu sputtering target was prepared by severe plastic deformation multi-directional compression and heat treatment.The experimental results reveal that the hardness of the sample reaches a maximum of 89 HV and the grain size is 268 nm when the sample is subjected to 6-cycles multi-directional compression.Then the hardness is decreased with the increase of multi-directional compression cycle， which is attributed to dynamic recovery during compression process.When the 6-cycle multi-directional compression alloy is annealed at 150 ℃ for 1 h， ultra-fine grain （632 nm） can be obtained and a high yield strength （154.7 MPa） is achieved.The alloy has been completely recrystallized at 225 ℃ for 1 h with average grain size of 8.5 µm and yield strength reduced to 81.9 MPa. The thin sputtering target subjected to 6-cycles multi-directional compression was cold rolled， and the grain size is 930 nm after annealed at 150 ℃ for 1 h.The film deposited by high purity ultra-fine grain Al-0.5Cu sputtering targe with the grain size of 930 nm exhibits a smooth and dense surface with absence of cracks， and the surface roughness is 5.05 nm with well film quality.关键词：High-purity Sputtering Target;Magnetically Levitated Vacuum Induction Melting;Severe Plastic Deformation;Al-Cu Alloy22|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：Aiming at the oxide inclusion in Cu liquid， a multi-parameter power-on device with adjustable pulse was employed to investigate effect of pulse power supply on oxide inclusion distribution according to the conductivity difference between SiO2 or Fe2O3 and oxygen-free copper melt， in order to purify Cu liquid. The results reveal that the pulse power induces the migration of inclusions in the copper melt under the action of electromagnetic fields.
Research·Alloy Performance
- 摘要：The inverter housing exhibits large volume and complex structure with requiring mixing friction welding and high temperature sealing performance requirements， and the casting sealing area should be controlled within 0.2 mm. The gas holes in the inventer housing could be eliminated by adopting multi-stage acceleration die-casting process， reasonable design of die-casting feed， exhausting system and die-casting process parameters， and the sealing performance of the inverter housing was improved.关键词：Inventer Housing;Die Casting;Mold27|3|0更新时间：2025-03-18
- 摘要：The die casting parts produced by the traditional die casting process cannot be brazed due to the difficulty to solve the problem of hydrogen hole. The temperature can reach 600 ℃ during brazing process， and the gas hole in the die casting will be heated to expansion during the heating process， leading to bulge phenomenon， which cannot meet the appearance requirements. The hydrogen in the die casting could be released during the heating process， forming hydrogen holes， affecting the fusion of casting and solder， resulting in unstable welding， which is one of the main reasons for affecting the strength and tightness. The traditional die casting technology was improved to produce die casting parts meeting the requirements of brazing.关键词：Die Casting;High Vacuum;Braze24|2|0更新时间：2025-03-18
Application·Die Casting
- 摘要：The manufacturing technology of investment casting tone-changing bell was analyzed. Through the trial production of samples， a tone-changing bell with exquisite shape and martensitic structure was produced by investment casting. The vacuum melting technology and silica sol shell investment casting technology were integrated， and the flow rate and solidification of adsorbed metal during the filling process were analyzed by numerical simulation， verifying the rationality of the casting process design.关键词：Tone-changing Bell;Vacuum Melting;Investment Casting;Numerical Simulation24|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
Application·Investment Casting
- 摘要：A tapered hot top was designed， and the vacuum mould casting process of high purity dysprosium （Dy） ingot was numerically simulated by the ProCAST software. The influence of height and taper of hot top on defect distribution of Dy ingot during solidification was investigated. The results indicate that the conical hot top can obviously improve the internal defects of ingot. When the height of conical section is 130 mm and the cross-sectional size is 120 mm×126 mm， the depth of liquid cavity is the shallowest and the volume of shrinkage cavity is the smallest， which is 11.78 cm3. The microstructure at the bottom and edge of ingot is fine-equiaxed crystal and well-developed columnar crystal， while that at the center is equiaxed crystal.关键词：Dysprosium;Casting Defects;Tapered Hot Top;Numerical Simulation22|1|0更新时间：2025-03-18
Application·Continuous Casting
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