最新刊期
卷 44 ， 期 12 ， 2024
- “Al-Si系合金晶粒细化剂研究取得新进展，新型Al-TCB晶种合金有望解决Si“中毒”问题，为细晶技术发展提供新思路。”摘要：Al-Si alloys exhibit excellent casting performance， high strength and hardness， desirable wear and processing performance， which are widely used in equipment manufacturing， 5G communication and other fields. In recent years， higher requirements are put forward for the strength and plasticity of Al-Si alloys in the manufacturing industries such as automobiles， high-speed rail， 3C， etc. Developing fine-grained Al-Si alloys to simultaneously improve the strength and plasticity is the current research focus. However， the commercial grain refiners suffer from Si poisoning， which becomes more severe with Si content increase， and even leads to the complete failure of refiners with α-Al grains reaching centimeter level accompanied by abnormal structures such as feather grains. In addition， the nucleated particles are prone to settling and agglomeration in the melt， and the degree of refinement fading intensifies with prolonged holding time. On this basis， the research status and existing problems of grain refiners for Al-Si alloys were summarized. The characteristics and advantages of novel anti Si-poisoning Al-TCB seed alloys were emphasized， and grain refinement technologies of Al-Si alloys were prospected.关键词：Al-Si Alloys;Grain Refinement;Si Poisoning;Al-TCB Seed Alloy1557|407|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “镁熔体中引入铝合金，形成富Fe沉淀层，结构转变，Al含量降低，可回收利用。”摘要：Al-2Fe-2Mn， Al-12Si-2Fe-2Mn， and ADC12 alloys were introduced into Mg melts， followed with melt holding and cooling， and Fe-rich perticipate layers were obtained at the bottom of ingots. Morphologies and strucutre characteristics of Fe-rich phases in Mg melt were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results reveal that the structure of Fe-rich phases is transformed， presenting core-shell morphologies. Al6（Mn，Fe） phase in Al-2Fe-2Mn alloy is evolved to Al（Fe，Mn） and Al5（Fe，Mn）2 in the Mg melt， whereas α-Al15（Fe，Mn）3Si2 phase in Al-12Si-2Fe-2Mn alloy and β-Al5Si（Fe，Mn） in ADC12 alloy are both converted to Al5（Fe，Mn）2 and （Fe，Mn）3Al0.7Si0.3 phases. Compared to the primary Al alloys， Al content is singificantly reduced in Fe-rich phases of evolved alloys， indicating the dissolution of Al into Mg melt， which can be gathered and reused.关键词：Al Alloys;Intermetallics;Phase Structure;Mg Melt580|185|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “在铝合金领域，研究者通过添加Mn、Cr调控富Fe相，显著提升细晶Al-7Si合金性能，为绿色可再生利用提供新思路。”摘要：0.5% Al-TCB was added to obtain fine-grained Al-7Si-0.35Mg-0.15Fe alloy， and Mn and Cr were introduced to modulate Fe-rich phase. The modulation effects and intrinsic reasons were comparatively analyzed. The results reveal that both Mn and Cr modify the Fe-rich phase by replacing Fe in the β-AlFeSi phase， leading to the transformation of flaky Fe-rich phase to fishbone α-Al（Fe， Mn）Si phase and massive α-Al（Fe， Cr）Si phase， and the latter is finer and more uniformly distributed in the alloy. The tensile strength， yield strength and elongation of the alloy with 0.1%Mn （mass fraction） addition can reach up to （327±9）MPa、（255±7）MPa and 10.0%±0.8%，respectively， which are higher than that of ones with 0.2% Mn. When 0.1% Cr is introduced， the tensile strength， yield strength and elongation reach （335±9）MPa、（270±6）MPa and 11.4%±0.7%， respectively， which are also higher than that of ones with 0.2% Cr addition， indicating that Cr exhibits a stronger plasticizing effect on the alloy than Mn under identical contents.The work is of great significance for the green and renewable utilization of fine-grained A356 aluminum alloy （Fe≥0.15%）.关键词：Fine-grained A356 Alloy;Al-TCB Seed Alloy;Fe-rich Phase;Recycled Aluminum Alloy646|170|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “在航空、航天领域，专家引入Al-TCB晶种合金，显著细化7050合金晶粒，提升铸造性能和力学性能，为高强铝合金细晶技术与性能调控提供新方法。”摘要：7050 alloy has been widely used in aerospace and transportation fields due to the excellent mechanical properties. However， the high alloying degree and wide crystallization temperature range lead to the poor castability. Moreover， the Zr-poisoning phenomenon easily occurs when the conventional grain refiners are applied， such as Al-Ti-B and Al-Ti-C master alloys. A novel Al-TCB refiner was introduced into 7050 alloy， which was rich in micro- and nano-scale doped particles， and effects on the solidification microstructure， castability and tensile properties of 7050 alloy were investigated. The results indicate that α-Al grains are refined significantly after Al-TCB seed alloy addition， and the fluidity is improved along with reduction of hot cracking tendency. The fact that key point of inhibiting casting defects and improving strength and toughness for 7050 alloy is efficient grain refinement was presented. A new controlling strategy on grain refinement technique and property of high strength aluminum alloy containing Zr was proposed.关键词：Al-TCB Seed Alloy;7050 Alloy;Grain Refinement;Castability;Strengthening and Toughening744|194|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “在铝合金领域，专家研究了Mn元素对Fe相形貌的影响，揭示了Mn致细化“中毒”机理，并提出了缓解新工艺。”摘要：With the gradual increase in amount of recycled aluminum， Mn element， which is used to improve the morphology of Fe phase， plays an increasingly important role in aluminum alloys. However， Mn-induced refining poisoning effect occurs in Al-Si-Mn （ASM） alloys with Al-Ti-B alloy addition， of which the degree deepens with the increase of Mn （or Si） content. The mechanism of Mn poisoning was revealed by means of optical microscopy， scanning electron microscopy and Pandat software. The results indicate that the primary solidification phase of Al15FeMn3Si2 is observed with higher Mn content in ASM alloys ， which covers the free titanium particles in the aluminum alloy melt， leading to the miss of nucleation substrate and resulting in the poisoning phenomenon. A new process was proposed to regulate the primary phase in ASM alloys with a small amount of Ti with assistance of Al-Ti-C-B （Al-TCB） seed alloy to effectively alleviate Mn-induced refining poisoning.关键词：Al-Si-Mn Alloy;Al-TCB Seed Alloy;Grain Refinement;Mn-induced Refining Poisoning467|156|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “脉冲电磁场技术在凝固领域取得新进展，专家提炼出工业应用策略，为进一步工业化应用提供研究方向。”摘要：The development status of pulsed electromagnetic field processing technology was expounded， and the mechanism of refining crystals was analyzed. The differences of pulse current， pulsed magnetic field and pulsed magnetooscillation during the melt process were explored. Effects of pulsed electromagnetic field treatment at different stages of solidification were evaluated， and the industrial application strategy focusing on pulsed electromagnetic field was extracted. The industrial practice of pulsed magnetooscillation combination technology in HRB400EG，20CrMnTi and 42 CrMo was emphasized， including the improvement of average isoaxial region， central segregation index control and primary dendrite spaces. The industrial application prospect of pulsed electromagnetic field was revealed through industrial practice， aiming to provide research direction for further industrial applications of pulse electromagnetic field.关键词：Metal Materials;Pulsed Electromagnetic Field;Solidification Structure;Grain Refinement484|117|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “在改善金属凝固组织和提升冶金产品性能方面，物理细化方法因其不污染金属熔体和不改变金属材料成分的优势，正受到越来越多领域的青睐。”摘要：Physical refining method has become an important way to improve the solidification structure of metal and the performance of metallurgical products due to the advantages of non-pollution of melt and keeping the matrix composition of materials. With the demanding requirements for the cleanliness， chemical refining methods such as adding nucleation agents will be limited in various fields， and physical refining methods are widely used. Physical refinement methods can be divided into two categories： Contact and non-contact. The contact type mainly includes mechanical stirring， ultrasonic wave， pulse current and so on， while non-contact type mainly includes electromagnetic stirring， mechanical vibration， pulsed magnetic field and pulsed magnetic oscillation. The typical physical refining methods of metal solidification structure were reviewed in aspect of refining mechanism， development process and industrial application， and future development trend of physical refining methods was prospected.关键词：Structure Refinement;Ultrasonic;Pulsed Current;Electromagnetic Stirring;Pulsed Magneto-oscillation Refinement526|245|0更新时间：2024-12-23
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Effects of Zr on Microstructure and Properties of Hypoeutectic Al-Si-Cu-Ni-Mg Multi-element Alloy AI导读
“在材料科学领域，研究者通过多种仪器分析了Zr对亚共晶Al-Si-Cu-Ni-Mg合金性能的影响，发现Zr的添加导致合金抗拉强度和耐蚀性下降。”摘要：Effects of Zr on solidification process， microstructure， mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of hypoeutectic Al-9.5Si-5Cu-2.5Ni-0.5Mg multi-alloy were investigated by direct-reading spectrometer， differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）， field emission scanning electron microscope （SEM）， universal testing machine and electrochemical workstation. The results indicate that Zr is trace doped in Al3CuNi phase， leading to Al3（CuSiZr）Ni phase. Zr doping hardly affects the phase structure， resulting in the morphology transformation from continuous network to discrete flaky， obviously reducing the overlap continuity and connectivity between the heat-resistant phases， which is the main reason that the room temperature and high temperature tensile strength are decreased with increasing Zr content （Zr≤0.2%）. In addition， Zr can reduce the corrosion potential of alloy， and the evolution of Al3CuNi phase morphology leads to incomplete oxide films during the corrosion process， which deteriorates the corrosion resistance of the alloy. Moreover， the corrosion resistance is worse with Zr content increasing.关键词：Al-Si Alloy;Microstructure;Mechanical Properties;Corrosion Resistance;Piston548|56|0更新时间：2024-12-23 - “在铝合金细化领域，研究者制备了5种不同V、B摩尔比的Al-V-B中间合金，发现V、B摩尔比降低时，Al-V-B中间合金晶粒细化效果最佳。”摘要：In order to investigate influence law of V and B atomic ratio on the refinement effect of Al-V-B master alloy， Al-V-B master alloys with different V and B atomic ratios were prepared. The influence of V and B atomic ratio on the microstructure composition and grain refinement performance of Al-V-B master alloy was analyzed. The results indicate that the amounts of small VB2 particles are significantly increased as V and B atomic ratio decreases， while the quantities of coarse Al3V particles are gradually reduced in Al-V-B master alloy. AlB2 phase appears with the V and B atomic ratio less than 1∶2. In addition， as the V and B atomic ratio declines， the grain refinement performance of Al-V-B master alloy is also enhanced， which reaches the optimal with the V and B atomic ratio of 1∶8.关键词：Al-Si Alloy;Grain Refinement;Al-V-B Master Alloy657|42|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “在A356合金领域，研究了Sr、La含量对铸态组织和力学性能的影响，发现Sr+La组合能有效细化变质A356合金铸态组织，提高其力学性能。”摘要：Effects of different Sr and La contents on as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 aluminum alloy were investigated. A356 aluminum alloy was melted in electric furnace， and the as-cast microstructure and fracture morphologies were characterized by XRD， metallographic microscopy， and scanning electron microscopy， meanwhile mechanical properties were analyzed. The results indicate that the combination addition of Sr+La can effectively refine as-cast structure of A356 aluminum alloy， achieving the improvement of mechanical properties， and the optimal refinement and modification are realized with 0.05% Sr+0.3% La addition. However， when the amount of La exceeds 0.5%， coarsened La-rich phases appear， which is harmful to mechanical properties.关键词：A356 Aluminum Alloy;Modification;Mechanical Properties;Fracture Morphology399|89|0更新时间：2024-12-23
Topic·Refining Technology for Metal Solidification
- “在材料科学领域，研究者采用真空电子束熔丝沉积技术制备TA7-TC4双钛合金试样，分析其组织结构、硬度、力学性能等，为双钛合金应用提供科学依据。”摘要：TA7-TC4 bi-titanium alloy specimens were prepared by vacuum electron beam fusion deposition， and the microstructure characteristics at TC4 side， TA7 side and intermediate transition zone were investigated. Microstructure， hardness， mechanical properties， fracture mode and fracture morphology of Ti alloy were analyzed. The results indicate that the internal grain of alloy at TA7 side is mainly composed of massive α structure， and the vertical transition layer of acicular martensite transformation phase is observed on the TC4 side with obvious anisotropy in the transition layer. The mechanical properties of TA7-TC4 bititanium alloy are between those of TA7 and TC4 alloys， and the plasticity is satisfied. The hardness of specimens deposited by bi-titanium alloy is as follows： TA7 side < transition zone < TC4 side. Fracture analysis reveals that the boundary of transition layer is clear， and the section presents cup-shaped with significant shear fracture.关键词：Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing;TA7-TC4;Microstructure;Mechanical Property89|74|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “在3D打印领域，研究者通过粘结剂喷射技术优化TC4钛合金粉末粒径，实现了烧结密度和力学性能的最佳匹配。”摘要：TC4 titanium alloys with different powder sizes were printed， cured and sintered by binder jetting 3D printing technology. Microstructure and mechanical properties of TC4 titanium alloys were investigated by metallographic microscope， SEM and mechanical properties test. The results indicate that the sintered density of TC4 titanium alloy is increased with the decrease of powder particle size. The sintering density reaches the maximum of 4.43 g/cm3 with powder particle size distribution D50 of 8.49 μm， and relative density reaches up to 98.2%. Considering the optimum matching of tensile strength and plasticity of binder jetting 3D printing TC4 titanium alloy after sintering， the optimal powder particle size distribution is D10=6.45 μm， D50=12.60 μm， D90=22.10 μm， where the tensile strength， elongation and hardness of sintered TC4 titanium alloy is （935±12） MPa， （12.7±0.6）%， and （341±4） HV， respectively.关键词：Titanium Alloy;Sintering;3D Printing;Relative Density;Mechanical Properties78|75|0更新时间：2024-12-23
Research·Additive Manufacture
- “在工程应用领域，激光熔覆镍基合金熔覆层性能提升研究取得进展，为解决性能挑战提供新思路。”摘要：Nickel-based alloy cladding layers manufactured by laser cladding technology has characteristics of excellent wear resistance， corrosion resistance， and high-temperature stability， which are indispensable in a myriad of engineering applications. Nevertheless， the performance of cladding layers need be inproved in more arduous and intricate operational conditions. The alloy composition is one of the key factors affecting properties of Ni-base alloy cladding layer. Effects of individual element， ceramic particles and rare earth oxides on microstructure characteristics and functional properties of nickel-based alloy cladding layer were summarized. Furthermore， the challenges on laser cladding of nickel-based alloys were identified and the potential avenues for advancement as well as future research directions were propected.关键词：Laser Cladding;Nickel-based Alloy Cladding Layer;Alloy Composition;Microstructure;Properties55|304|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “在熔模铸造领域，陶瓷型芯材料研究取得新进展，为航空航天等行业铸件品质提升提供参考。”摘要：Ceramic core is a kind of ceramic material used in investment casting technology， and its performance directly determines the quality of casting. Ceramic core has a series of advantages， such as desirable wear resistance， superior sealing， high strength， and long service life， which is widely used in aerospace， automotive manufacturing， electronics， and electrical fields. According to the matrix material， ceramic core is mainly divided into silicon oxide-based ceramic core， alumina-based ceramic core， and magnesium oxide-based ceramic core. The performance of ceramic cores prepared with different matrix materials is also varied. Based on the research results of ceramic core matrix materials， the current research status on ceramic core materials for investment casting was summarized in detail from the aspects of influencing factors of ceramic core performance， core detachment， and the advantages and disadvantages of different ceramic core materials， in order to provide a basis for the design and investigation of ceramic core.关键词：Ceramic Core;Investment Casting;Raw Materials;Mineralizing Agent;Sintering Process409|245|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “在激光熔覆领域，专家总结了WC涂层的研究进展，揭示了其对高熵合金复合涂层耐磨性、耐蚀性的影响，并探讨了强化机制。”摘要：The research progress in tungsten carbide （WC） cladding layer was reviewed， focusing on influence of laser cladding process parameters and auxiliary technology on the quality， structure and properties of the coating. The influence of tungsten carbide on the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of high entropy alloy composite coating was explored， and the strengthening mechanism of tungsten carbide on cladding layer was expounded. The application of numerical simulation technology and first principles in laser cladding tungsten carbide metal matrix composite powder was discussed. The existing problems and prospects in laser cladding of tungsten carbide metal matrix composite coatings were presented.关键词：Laser Cladding;Tungsten Carbide;Process Parameters;High Entropy Alloy;Numerical Simulation78|604|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “在轨道交通领域，3D打印技术的研究进展为复杂零部件制造、易损件快速修复及高效维护更换提供了新方案。”摘要：With the rapid development of rail transit industry， the complex castings are demanding. Rapid repair of vulnerable parts such as train wheels and rails cannot be completed， and the existing storage mode cannot meet the rapid replacement of rail transit parts. As an emerging manufacturing technology， 3D printing technology has the advantages of rapid manufacture， high quality and wide application. However， the application in rail transit parts is rarely developed. The research progress on 3D printing technology in the casting and development of complex parts of rail transit， the rapid repair of wear-prone parts such as rails， wheels and axles， as well as the efficient maintenance and replacement of rail transit parts were summarized， and the exsiting problems and application directions of 3D printing technology in rail transit parts were prospected.关键词：3D Printing;Rail Transit Parts;Laser Cladding;Rapid Repair74|121|0更新时间：2024-12-23
- “废弃型壳再生利用技术进展，为环保问题提供解决方案。”摘要：The quantities of waste mold shell are gradually increasing with the development of investment casting， and the reclaiming and recycling as well as related environmental issues are widely concerned. The reclaiming and recycling treatment techniques of waste mold shell and quality control of recycled sand were introduced. The recycling technology progress of waste mold shell as raw materials in investment casting， building materials ，refractory products ，and composite materials were reviewed ，and future development was prospected.关键词：Investment Casting;Waste Mold Shell;Reclaiming and Recycling234|136|0更新时间：2024-12-23
Research·Review
- 摘要：The hot compression simulation experiments were carried out by the Gleeble-1500 simulation machine at deformation temperature of 350~480 ℃ and strain rate of 0.01~10.0 s-1， and true stress-strain curves of 2024 aluminum alloy for chemical milling were presented. The microstructure of alloy after hot deformation was observed by metallographic microscope （OM） and transmission electron microscope （TEM）. The results indicate that the optimal hot deformation temperature of 2024 aluminum alloy for chemical milling is about 450 ℃， which is mainly attributed to the great reduction of dislocation density caused by dynamic recrystallization， leading to the minimum deformation resistance and maximum ultimate deformation amounts.关键词：2024 Aluminum Alloy;Hot Compression;Deformation Temperature;Strain Rate;Microstructure46|53|0更新时间：2024-12-23
Research·Alloy Process
- “在混动汽车悬置生产领域，专家研究了挤压铸造技术，优化模具设计，提高悬置性能，为轻量化提供新途径。”摘要：Aiming at the suspension fracture problem of hybrid car produced by gravity casting， the application of squeezing casting in producing hybrid car was mainly analyzed. During the design process of squeezing casting die， the local squeezing pin diameter was modified from ϕ18 mm to ϕ16 mm to solve the problem of squeezing pin stuck， and the ingate was shifted to 15 mm from the maximum stress area of the casting. The parts produced by the mold were qualified with high safety margin. The tensile strength and yield strength of suspension by metal gravity casting and squeezing casting are similar， while the elongation is increased by over 100%， greatly alleviating the risk of brittle fracture caused by impact. In the light weight approach， squeeze casting can replace forged aluminum and cast iron parts.关键词：Squeeze Casting;Hybrid Automobile;Suspension Fracture76|82|0更新时间：2024-12-23
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Design and Experiment of High Vacuum Die-casting Process Based on Hot Chamber Die-casting Machine AI导读
“在压铸技术领域，专家基于MFT法和Vacuum Golve Box法真空压铸技术，设计了高真空压铸工艺，制造了梯形S型ZA8锌合金压铸件，分析了其对成形品质和力学性能的影响。结果表明，该工艺铸件断面特征及力学性能优于普通压铸工艺，抗拉强度高达396.4 MPa，硬度（HBS）高达98.5。”摘要：Based on the vacuum die casting technology of MFT and Vacuum Golve Box， the die sealing device， vacuum opening device and vacuum die casting process of hot chamber die casting machine were designed to ensure the vacuum degree in the seal box and die cavity and realize the high vacuum die casting process. The trapezoidal S-type ZA8 zinc alloy die casting was designed and manufactured and the influence of high vacuum die casting process on its forming quality was analyzed. It is found that the section characteristics of the casting under high vacuum environment are dense without shrinkage porosities. Based on the effect of trapezoidal S-type ZA8 zinc alloy castings， influence of the process on mechanical properties of castings was further analyzed in combination with experiments and actual product trial production. The results reveal that the high vacuum die casting process designed by the process has better section characteristics and mechanical properties than ordinary die casting process， where tensile strength reaches up to 396.4 MPa with hardness of 98.5 HBS.关键词：Hot Chamber Die Casting Machine;Sealing Device;High Vacuum Process;Mechanical Properties59|128|0更新时间：2024-12-23
Application·Die Casting
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